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Gastroenterology 2025年第5期168卷 1040-1041页

作者： Dennis L. Shung Section of Digestive Diseases Department of Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut

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Single-cell transcriptomics uncovers EGFR signaling-mediated gastric progenitor cell differentiation in stomach homeostasis (vol 14, 3750, 2023)

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 2023年第1期14卷 1-16页

作者： Takada, Hitomi Sasagawa, Yohei Yoshimura, Mika Tanaka, Kaori Iwayama, Yoshimi Hayashi, Tetsutaro Isomura-Matoba, Ayako Nikaido, Itoshi Kurisaki, Akira Laboratory of Stem Cell Technologies Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara Japan Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research Wako Saitama Japan Department of Functional Genome Informatics Biological Data Science Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Bunkyo Tokyo Japan Master’s/Doctoral Program in Life Science Innovation (Bioinformatics) Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

Defects in gastric progenitor cell differentiation are associated with various gastric disorders, including atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying the multilineage differentiation of gastric progenitor cells during healthy homeostasis remain poorly understood. Here, using a single-cell RNA sequencing method, Quartz-Seq2, we analyzed the gene expression dynamics of progenitor cell differentiation toward pit cell, neck cell, and parietal cell lineages in healthy adult mouse corpus tissues. Enrichment analysis of pseudotime-dependent genes and a gastric organoid assay revealed that EGFR-ERK signaling promotes pit cell differentiation, whereas NF-κB signaling maintains gastric progenitor cells in an undifferentiated state. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of EGFR in vivo resulted in a decreased number of pit cells. Although activation of EGFR signaling in gastric progenitor cells has been suggested as one of the major inducers of gastric cancers, our findings unexpectedly identified that EGFR signaling exerts a differentiation-promoting function, not a mitogenic function, in normal gastric homeostasis.

关键词： Adult stem cells Stem-cell differentiation Stem-cell niche

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Cross Direction Attention Network for Facial Expression Recognition 11

Cross Direction Attention Network for Facial Expression Reco...

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11th International Conference on Information Systems and Computing Technology, ISCTech 2023

作者： Lin, Likang Peng, Cheng Zhang, Bowen Zou, Kun Huang, Peijie South China Agricultural University College of Mathematics and Informatics GuangZhou China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute School of Computer Science Zhongshan China Shenzhen Technology University College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350342406

Facial expression recognition is an area of growing interest in computer vision research. Achieving a balance between learning subtle facial features and reducing memory consumption presents a persistent challenge, resulting in hardly to deploy model on portable mobile devices restricted by hardware resources. To overcome this issue, we propose a spatial attention module on lightweight backbone, named the cross-direction attention network (CDAN). The proposed model achieves enhanced fine-grained feature learning and used less memory consumption through cross-learning in both vertical and horizontal directions without complicated artificial feature technology. This study proposes a novel spatial attention model, which contributes an innovative approach for future research in this field. Based on the experimental outcomes, it can be concluded that the proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance on the AffectNet dataset. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Face recognition

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Mapping Study Variables to Common data Elements Using GPT for Sheets: Towards Standardized data Collection and Sharing

Mapping Study Variables to Common Data Elements Using GPT fo...

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IEEE International Conference on Healthcare informatics (ICHI)

作者： Pritham Ram Na Hong Hua Xu Xiaoqian Jiang Section of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science School of Medicine Yale University New Haven CT USA McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350383737

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383744

Secondary use or reuse of biomedical research data has drawn significant attention and is of growing importance. Non-standardized representation and wide variability of clinical and observational data of biomedical research pose a major challenge to data collection, integration, analysis, and sharing. To address this requirement, we present experiences of using GPT for Sheets as a tool to map study-level biomedical research variables or data elements to Common data Elements (CDEs). In this study, the trial variables were extracted from the data dictionaries in the RADx-rad program, and the NIH Pediatric COVID-19 Working Group recommended CDEs that include children (0 – 21 years) were used as the reference CDEs. Mapping experimental variables (vague data elements) to CDEs resulted in an Fl-score of 0.82 when considering only the first recommendation and 0.85 when considering either the first or second recommendation. Our results indicate that GPT language models can differentiate freely defined study variables and map them to standard CDEs. This, in turn, potentially further enhances interoperability with a wider range of biomedical studies.

关键词： Pediatrics Dictionaries Biological system modeling Medical services data collection data models informatics

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Development and Evaluation Experiment of a Classroom Support System for Programming Education Using Tangibles Educational Materials 12

Development and Evaluation Experiment of a Classroom Support...

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12th International Conference on Information and Education Technology, ICIET 2024

作者： Oda, Koji Kato, Toshiyasu Kambayashi, Yasushi Saitama Prefectural Kawaguchi Technical High School Department Of Information And Telecommunication Kawaguchi Japan Nippon Institute Of Technology Department Of Information And Media Engineering Minamisaitama Japan Sanyo-Onoda City University Department Of Informatics And Data Science Sanyo-Onoda Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371772

In recent years, the utilization of tangible educational materials has attracted attention on educational settings. Because they provide hands-on learning experiences for beginners. This trend is also notable in the field of programming education. Such educational materials are employed in educational institutions worldwide. They liberate programming languages from small computer screen. On the other hand, classroom time is limited. When instructing more than 30 learners, it is hard for the instructor to provide adequate guidance for everyone. Consequently, they have to work extended hours, e.g., after-school hours. To address this problem, we have developed a classroom support system for programming education that complements the use of tangible educational materials. With this system, instructors can monitor the real-time progress of each learner during the class and analyze which parts of the program many learners find challenging. Based on these analytical results, instructors can provide appropriate instructions for individual learners and effectively conduct the class. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Learning systems

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Effects of Tirzepatide in Type 2 Diabetes: Individual Variation and Relationship to Cardiometabolic Outcomes

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Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2025年第19期85卷 1858-1872页

作者： Aminorroaya, Arya Oikonomou, Evangelos K. Biswas, Dhruva Jastreboff, Ania M. Khera, Rohan Section of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT United States Cardiovascular Data Science (CarDS) Lab Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT United States Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT United States Section of Pediatric Endocrinology Department of Pediatrics Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT United States Yale Obesity Research Center (Y-Weight) Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT United States Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE) Yale New Haven Hospital New Haven CT United States Section of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT United States Section of Health Informatics Department of Biostatistics Yale School of Public Health New Haven CT United States

Background: Tirzepatide—a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist—exerts pleiotropic effects on cardiometabolic health. Objectives: The authors sought to investigate the efficacy of tirzepatide in improving different cardiometabolic risk factors across individuals and subpopulations. Methods: Using an independent, global data-sharing and analytics platform, we performed an individual participant data meta-analysis by pooling data from 7 Phase 3 randomized clinical trials that compared tirzepatide with placebo or standard antihyperglycemic agents in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study outcomes were the presence of a range of cardiometabolic abnormalities, representing components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (elevated waist circumference, triglycerides, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose, and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), as well as elevated body mass index and MetS (≥3 cardiometabolic abnormalities). Outcomes were modeled using mixed-effects models, with inverse probability weighting to account for study design differences. Results: We included 7,805 participants with a weighted median age of 59 years (Q1-Q3: 51-66 years) and 43.2% women. Over a weighted median treatment duration of 41.0 weeks, tirzepatide reduced the odds of all cardiometabolic abnormalities, ranging from 34% reduction for the odds of decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR: 0.66 [95% CI: 0.52-0.84]) to 96% reduction in the odds of elevated body mass index (OR: 0.04 [95% CI:0.02-0.08]), and 72% reduction for the odds of MetS (OR: 0.28 [95% CI: 0.24-0.33]). Tirzepatide's superior efficacy in resolving MetS was consistent across demographic and clinical subpopulations, with higher efficacy in age <65 years vs ≥65 years, and in individuals without vs with baseline use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (P for interaction = 0.008 and 0.009, respectively). Conclusions: This pooled analysis suggests that tirzepatide may improve cardiometabolic abnormalities a

关键词： diabetes mellitus type 2 heart disease risk factors meta-analysis randomized controlled trial tirzepatide

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Quantifying Alterations Over Time in ST-Segment/T-Wave Amplitudes During Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention 50

Quantifying Alterations Over Time in ST-Segment/T-Wave Ampli...

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50th Computing in Cardiology, CinC 2023

作者： Hempel, Philip Bender, Theresa Idrobo-Avila, Ennio Dathe, Henning Krefting, Dagmar Kacprowski, Tim Spicher, Nicolai University Medical Center Göttinsen Department of Medical Informatics Germany Partner Site Göttingen Germany Plri of Tu Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School Division Data Science in Biomedicine Germany Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382525

In this work, we evaluate the inter-patient magnitude of electrocardiography (ECG) alterations over time during ischemia. The freely available STAFF III database provides 12-lead ECG recordings of patients before, during, and after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), where a coronary vessel is widened with a balloon inflation. Patients undergoing this procedure often do not show standard ECG findings and thereby cannot be assessed by the subject-independent and absolute thresholds defined in clinical guidelines. We compute alterations of ST-segment and T-wave amplitudes w.r.t. QRS amplitude over time for each patient and lead. We demonstrate that quantifying these relative amplitudes changes over time is feasible in standard and non-standard ECG recordings. To demonstrate clinical relevance, we use the features for differentiating N=54 patients with atherosclerotic plaque in either the right coronary artery (RCA) or left anterior descending (LAD). Results show significant differences in five leads for ST-segment alterations and three leads for T-wave alterations, which are also suggested by clinical guidelines for ischemia detection. © 2023 CinC.

关键词： Electrocardiography

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ClinApp: A Microservices-Based Platform for Efficient Medical Visit Scheduling

ClinApp: A Microservices-Based Platform for Efficient Medica...

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21st International Conference on informatics, Management, and Technology in Healthcare, ICIMTH 2023

作者： Lagakis, Paraskevas Logaras, Evangelos Billis, Antonis Stamkopoulos, Evangelos Dimitriadis, Ilias Vakali, Athena Bamidis, Panagiotis D. Computer Center Lagakis Thermi Greece Laboratory of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation School of Medicine Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece Data and Web Science Laboratory Department of Informatics Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781643684000

Clin App is a platform streamlining medical appointment management and patient data collection using a conversational agent. Focused on healthcare professionals and patients, it offers appointment automation, questionnaire creation, and medical data management. This work showcases ClinApp's microservices-based architecture and its user-centered design. © 2023 The authors and IOS Press.

关键词： Hospital data processing

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Implications of the Usage of Three-Mode Principal Component Analysis with a Fixed Polynomial Basis 15th

Implications of the Usage of Three-Mode Principal Compone...

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15th International KES Conference on Intelligent Decision Technologies, KESIDT 2023

作者： Monden, Rei Nagai, Isamu Yanagihara, Hirokazu Informatics and Data Science Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashi-Hiroshima739-8521 Japan Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science Chukyo University Aichi Nagoya466-8666 Japan Mathematics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819929689

When I subjects answer questions regarding J variables K times, the data can be stored in a three-mode data set of size I× J× K. Among the various component analysis approaches to summarize such data, Three-mode Principal Component Analysis (3MPCA) is often used. 3MPCA expresses a three-mode data set by means of A-, B-, and C-mode components and a core array, but this approach is not suitable for predicting data at unobserved time points. To handle this issue, the current study suggests a fixed orthonormal polynomial basis for the 3MPCA model. Briefly, we fix the C-mode component matrix with an orthonormal polynomial basis. More specifically, i) measurement time points, and ii) log transformation of the measurement time points were used as an orthonormal polynomial basis. The use of our proposed methods was demonstrated by applying them to a longitudinal data set collected from patients with depression. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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Estimation Algorithms for MLE of Three-Mode GMANOVA Model with Kronecker Product Covariance Matrix 15th

Estimation Algorithms for MLE of Three-Mode GMANOVA Model ...

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15th International KES Conference on Intelligent Decision Technologies, KESIDT 2023

作者： Horikawa, Keito Nagai, Isamu Monden, Rei Yanagihara, Hirokazu Informatics and Data Science Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashi-Hiroshima739-8521 Japan Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science Chukyo University Aichi Nagoya466-8666 Japan Mathematics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819929689

Currently, there are a lot of measurement data on different items collected over time. The GMANOVA model is appropriate for analyzing the trends in such data, in order to analyze some longitudinal data collected on different items simultaneously, we need to create separate GMANOVA models, but separate GMANOVA models cannot reveal the relationships between items. Also, if we try to apply one model to all of these data, the problem arises that there are too many parameters and the covariance structure is too large. Therefore, we propose an extended GMANOVA model and two estimation algorithms. The proposed model’s covariance matrix has a Kronecker structure. Therefore, because the estimator cannot be uniquely determined using the log-likelihood, we propose two parameter estimation algorithms. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Covariance matrix

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