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Digital twin empowered lightweight and efficient blockchain for dynamic internet of vehicles

Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第6期10卷 1698-1707页

作者： Haoye Chai Supeng Leng Jianhua He Ke Zhang School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)Chengdu611731China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study UESTCShenzhen518000China School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of EssexColchesterCO43SQUK

The Internet of Vehicles(Io V)has great potential for Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS),enabling interactive vehicle applications,such as advanced driving and *** is crucial to ensure the reliability during the vehicle-to-vehicle interaction *** the emerging blockchain has superiority in handling security-related issues,existing blockchain-based schemes show weakness in highly dynamic Io *** the transaction broadcast and consensus process require multiple rounds of communication throughout the whole network,while the high relative speed between vehicles and dynamic topology resulting in the intermittent connections will degrade the efficiency of *** this paper,we propose a Digital Twin(DT)-enabled blockchain framework for dynamic Io V,which aims to reduce both the communication cost and the operational latency of *** address the dynamic context,we propose a DT construction strategy that jointly considers the DT migration and blockchain computing ***,a communication-efficient Local Perceptual Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(LPMA-DDPG)algorithm is designed to execute the DT construction strategy among edge servers in a decentralized *** simulation results show that the proposed framework can greatly reduce the communication cost,while achieving good security *** dynamic DT construction strategy shows superiority in operation latency compared with benchmark *** decentralized LPMA-DDPG algorithm is helpful for implementing the optimal DT construction strategy in practical ITS.

关键词： Digital twin Blockchain Internet of vehicles Multi-agent DDPG

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An Energy Management System with Mobile Energy Station Based Wireless Energy Transfer:System Design and Prototype Implementation

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China Communications 2025年第1期22卷 89-101页

作者： Yan Kang Li Jinhui Fan Xinyu Hu Jie Yu Qin Yang Kun Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou 313001China School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

In indoor environments,various batterypowered Internet of Things(IoT)devices,such as remote controllers and electronic tags on high-level shelves,require efficient energy ***,manually monitoring remaining energy levels and battery replacement is both inadequate and *** paper introduces an energy management system for indoor IoT,which includes a mobile energy station(ES)for enabling on-demand wireless energy transfer(WET)in radio frequency(RF),some energy receivers(ERs),and a cloud *** implementing a two-stage positioning system and embedding energy receivers into traditional IoT devices,we robustly manage their energy *** experimental results demonstrate that the energy receiver can harvest a minimum power of 58 mW.

关键词： angle of arrival(AOA) Internet of Things(IoT) mobile station prototype wireless energy transfer(WET)

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Reset-Free Reinforcement Learning via Multi-State Recovery and Failure Prevention for Autonomous Robots

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Tsinghua science and technology 2024年第5期29卷 1481-1494页

作者： Xu Zhou Benlian Xu Zhengqiang Jiang Jun Li Brett Nener School of Mechanical Engineering Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshu 215500China School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of SydneySydney 2006Australia Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia

Reinforcement learning holds promise in enabling robotic tasks as it can learn optimal policies via trial and ***,the practical deployment of reinforcement learning usually requires human intervention to provide episodic resets when a failure *** manual resets are generally unavailable in autonomous robots,we propose a reset-free reinforcement learning algorithm based on multi-state recovery and failure prevention to avoid failure-induced *** multi-state recovery provides robots with the capability of recovering from failures by self-correcting its behavior in the problematic state and,more importantly,deciding which previous state is the best to return to for efficient *** failure prevention reduces potential failures by predicting and excluding possible unsafe actions in specific *** simulations and real-world experiments are used to validate our algorithm with the results showing a significant reduction in the number of resets and failures during the learning.

关键词： reinforcement learning manual reset multi-state recovery failure prediction

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Shaped beam pattern synthesis with desired nulling level and minimum sidelobe level

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Journal of electronic science and technology 2023年第1期21卷 35-45页

作者： Li-Ming Xu Qiang-Jian Song Shi-Wen Lei Bo Chen Jing Tian Hao-Quan Hu Southwest China Research Institute of Electronic Equipment Chengdu610000China School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China School of Electronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China

For the anti-interference/denoise purpose,it usually requires minimizing the sidelobe level(SLL)of a wide-beam pattern with a desired low nulling level(NL)in the nulling *** realize such an objective,the shaped-beam pattern synthesis(SBPS)is the most commonly used ***,since the SBPS problem focuses on synthesizing a predetermined beam shape,the minimum SLL via this approach cannot ensure to obtain the maximum power ***,it cannot obtain the lowest SLL with a certain power gain *** on such consideration,this paper tries to further minimize SLL of a wide-beam pattern with a desired low NL nulling region,by solving the power gain pattern synthesis(PGPS)*** PGPS problem selects the array excitation by directly optimizing the power ***,it has the potential to reduce SLL,when achieving the equal mainlobe power gain constraint via *** iterative algorithm which converts the primal optimization problem into convex sub-problems is proposed,resulting in an effective problem-solving *** simulations demonstrate the proposed algorithm can obtain about 10-dB lower SLL than the existing algorithms.

关键词： Array synthesis Minimum sidelobe level(SLL) Nulling level(NL) Pattern synthesis Wide-beam

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Harris Hawk optimization algorithm based on improved escaping energy factors and random searching strategies

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Soft Computing 2025年 1-47页

作者： Li, Yi-Xuan Wang, Jie-Sheng Zhang, Shi-Hui Zhang, Si-Wen Ma, Xin-Ru Sun, Yong-Cheng School of Electronic and Information Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Liaoning Province Anshan City China

Harris Hawk optimization (HHO) is an intelligent optimization algorithm that simulates the predatory behavior of Harris Hawk. In order to further improve its convergence speed and convergence accuracy, an improved HHO based on the improved escaping energy factors and random search strategy was proposed. Firstly, five different escaping energy factors were proposed to reduce global search time and improve its convergence speed and convergence accuracy. The improved escaping energy factors can better balance the global and local search performance. Secondly, five random searching strategies (cotangent exponential distribution flight operator, cotangent Wei-bull distribution flight operator, inverse sine flight operator, Cauchy inverse cumulative exponential distribution operator, and cotangent log-normal distribution flight operator) were proposed in the local search by adding some large step size, which in turn enhances the searching mechanism and convergence speed. These five random search strategies enhance the global search capability while speeding up the local search velocity. Thirdly, by using 30 benchmark test functions in CEC-2017, the above improvements are sequentially compared with the original HHO. The best-improved algorithm, ECEHHO, is selected and compared with AOA, BOA, RSA, BAT, RSO, COA, and other improved HHO to verify its convergence performance. Finally, the improved HHO algorithm solves four engineering optimization design problems. The simulation experiments results show that the proposed improved HHO algorithm has the characteristics of balancing exploration and exploitation, fast convergence and high accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Local search (optimization)

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MEMS and MOEMS Gyroscopes: A Review

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Photonic Sensors 2023年第4期13卷 73-98页

作者： Wenyi HUANG Xing YAN Sengyu ZHANG Zhe LI Jamal NAHASSAN Dingwei CHEN Guangjun WEN Kai CHEN Guangwei DENG Yongjun HUANG School of Information and Communication Engineering Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Communication Technology for Intelligent IoTUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China

Micro-gyroscopes using micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)and micro-optoelectro-mechanical system(MOEMS)are the new-generation and recently well-developed gyroscopes produced by the combinations of the traditional gyroscope technology and MEMS/MOEMS *** to the working principle and used materials,the newly-reported micro-gyroscopes in recent years include the silicon-based micromechanical vibratory gyroscope,hemispherical resonant gyroscope,piezoelectric vibratory gyroscope,suspended rotor gyroscope,microfluidic gyroscope,optical gyroscope,and atomic *** to different sensitive structures,the silicon-based micromechanical vibratory gyroscope can also be divided into double frame type,tuning fork type,vibrating ring type,and nested ring *** those micro-gyroscopes,in recent years,many emerging techniques are proposed and developed to enhance different aspects of performances,such as the sensitivity,angle random walk(ARW),bias instability(BI),and ***,this paper will firstly review the main performances and applications of those newly-developed MEMS/MOEMS gyroscopes,then comprehensively summarize and analyze the latest research progress of the micro-gyroscopes mentioned above,and finally discuss the future development trends of MEMS/MOEMS gyroscopes.

关键词： Micro-gyroscope MEMS MOEMS angular random walk bias instability

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Perpendicularly assembled oriented electrospinning nanofibers based piezoresistive pressure sensor with wide measurement range

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6493-6501页

作者： Xiaoxue Bi Zhigang Duan Xiaojuan Hou Shuo Qian Mengjiao Yuan Jiajun Hu Jie Zhang Yuchen Lu Yanli Liu Jian He Zhiling Peng Xiujian Chou School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Software North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Information and Communication Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

With the rapid development of wearable electronics,flexible pressure sensors have attracted wide attention in human–computer interaction and intelligent ***,it is a challenge to achieve a sensor with high sensitivity,wide measurement range,and wearing ***,we develop an oriented electrospinning thermoplastic polyurethane/polyacrylonitrile(TPU/PAN)nanofibers(OETPN)based piezoresistive pressure sensor(PONPS)in which the active layer and the electrode are assembled *** interdigital electrode is fabricated by spraying silver nanowires(AgNWs)on the OETPN through a mask *** active layer is composed of OETPN coated with MXene,encapsulated on the electrode by polyurethane(PU)*** porous structure of nanofibers membrane broadens the measurement range of the *** oriented nanofibers as active layer can improve the sensitivity in low pressure,because oriented nanofibers without interweaving nanofibers are more compressible than disordered *** prepared using the spraying method creates nanoscale microstructure and increases *** perpendicular assembly has greater response between the active layer and the electrode than the parallel assembly to improve the *** sensor exhibits high sensitivity(6.71 kPa^(−1),0.02–2 kPa)and wide measurement range(0.02–700 kPa).The sensor can detect weak signals such as radial artery.A pressure array constructed precisely represents the distribution of *** intelligent throat is created by combining machine learning algorithms with the *** can detect and recognize subtle throat vibrations while speaking,achieving recognition accuracy up to 100%using support vector machine(SVM)for five words with different *** fabricated sensor shows promising prospects in personal healthcare and intelligent robots.

关键词： oriented nanofibers perpendicular assembly parallel assembly intelligent throat machine learning algorithms

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A Memory-Guided Anomaly Detection Model with Contrastive Learning for Multivariate Time Series

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 1893-1910页

作者： Wei Zhang Ping He Ting Li Fan Yang Ying Liu School of Electronic and Information Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China School of Artificial Intelligence Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China

Some reconstruction-based anomaly detection models in multivariate time series have brought impressive performance advancements but suffer from weak generalization ability and a lack of anomaly *** limitations can result in the misjudgment of models,leading to a degradation in overall detection *** paper proposes a novel transformer-like anomaly detection model adopting a contrastive learning module and a memory block(CLME)to overcome the above *** contrastive learning module tailored for time series data can learn the contextual relationships to generate temporal fine-grained *** memory block can record normal patterns of these representations through the utilization of attention-based addressing and reintegration *** two modules together effectively alleviate the problem of ***,this paper introduces a fusion anomaly detection strategy that comprehensively takes into account the residual and feature *** a strategy can enlarge the discrepancies between normal and abnormal data,which is more conducive to anomaly *** proposed CLME model not only efficiently enhances the generalization performance but also improves the ability of anomaly *** validate the efficacy of the proposed approach,extensive experiments are conducted on well-established benchmark datasets,including SWaT,PSM,WADI,and *** results demonstrate outstanding performance,with F1 scores of 90.58%,94.83%,91.58%,and 91.75%,*** findings affirm the superiority of the CLME model over existing stateof-the-art anomaly detection methodologies in terms of its ability to detect anomalies within complex datasets accurately.

关键词： Anomaly detection multivariate time series contrastive learning memory network

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RSM: Refined Saliency Map For Explainable 3D Object Tracking

RSM: Refined Saliency Map For Explainable 3D Object Tracking

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Cheng, Riran Wang, Xupeng Sohel, Ferdous Lei, Hang School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China School of Information Technology Murdoch University Murdoch Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Saliency maps play a major role in understanding the decision-making process of 3D models by illustrating the importance of individual points from the input to model predictions. However, saliency maps typically suffer from inaccuracies due to not considering the potential classification of contributions made by a point. In this paper, a two-stage explainability method for 3D object tracking is proposed to generate a refined saliency map (RSM), which refines the contributions of points to positive and negative based on their actual effects on tracking performances. Specifically, in stage I, a point-wise growing downsampling algorithm is developed to generate subsets of the search area, under which the model's behavior is evaluated to precisely identify the points with negative contributions. Subsequently, a voxel-wise downsampling algorithm is performed along with the deviation metric to select points with positive contributions in stage II. Experiments demonstrate that RSM can generate high-quality explanations to popular 3D trackers. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： 3D object tracking negative contribution positive contribution saliency map

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SFC Design and VNF Placement Based on Traffic Volume Scaling and VNF Dependency in 5G Networks

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Computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2023年第3期134卷 1791-1814页

作者： Zhihao Zeng Zixiang Xia Xiaoning Zhang Yexiao He School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China

The development of Fifth-Generation(5G)mobile communication technology has remarkably promoted the spread of the Internet of Things(IoT)*** a promising paradigm for IoT,edge computing can process the amount of data generated by mobile intelligent devices in less time *** Function Virtualization(NFV)that decouples network functions from dedicated hardware is an important architecture to implement edge computing,deploying heterogeneous Virtual Network Functions(VNF)(such as computer vision,natural language processing,intelligent control,etc.)on the edge service *** the NFV MANO(Management and Orchestration)framework,a Service Function Chain(SFC)that contains a set of ordered VNFs can be constructed and placed in the network to offer a customized network ***,the procedure of NFV orchestration faces a technical challenge in minimizing the network cost of VNF placement due to the complexity of the changing effect of traffic volume and the dependency on *** this end,we jointly optimize SFC design and VNF placement to minimize resource cost while taking account of VNF dependency and traffic volume ***,the problem is formulated as an Integer Linear Programming(ILP)model and proved NPhard by reduction from Hamiltonian Cycle *** we proposed an efficient heuristic algorithm called Traffic Aware and Interdependent VNF Placement(TAIVP)to solve the *** with the benchmark algorithms,emulation results show that our algorithm can reduce network cost by 10.2%and increase service request acceptance rate by 7.6%on average.

关键词： Network function virtualization virtual network function service function chain resource allocation routing

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