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Enhanced Generalized Spatial Modulation for STAR-RIS-Aided Vehicular communication System

IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Shang, Pingping Han, Xue Hou, Jia Li, Jun Wang, Shucheng Hubei University of Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan430068 China Hubei University of Technology Hubei Key Lab. for High-Efficiency Utiliz. of Solar Ener. and Oper. Control of Energy Storage System Wuhan430068 China Soochow University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Suzhou215000 China Guangzhou University School of Electronics and Communication Engineering Guangzhou510006 China Wuhan Maritime Communication Research Institute Wuhan430205 China

In this paper, a novel scheme is proposed by introducing the concept of generalized spatial modulation (GSM) and space-time block code (STBC) into simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) for vehicular communication system. To improve spectral efficiency and diversity gain of vehicular system, STAR-RIS array elements are categorized into reflective and transmissive blocks, establishing a mapping relationship with the index bits by using GSM. Subsequently, the modulated symbols are reflected or transmitted based on the predetermined allocation patterns of the blocks. Specifically, to enhance the reliability of signal reception, one of the most renowned STBC schemes, the Alamouti code, is employed at the STAR-RIS surface by receiving and detecting signals across two consecutive time slots. Furthermore, the new design of leveraging STAR-RIS as an access point (AP) is proposed, which plays the role of source in the communication scenario. The mathematical formulas and theoretical average bit error rate (BER) of the scheme are derived based on preceding analysis. According to simulation results, the suggested scheme can outperform conventional schemes in terms of BER performance. In addition, the proposed redesigned scheme further improves the BER performance with better channel conditions, exhibiting excellent performance advantages. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Space-time block coding (STBC)

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Blockage-Resilient Integrated Sensing and communication in mmWave Networks: Multi-View Collaboration and Efficient Task Allocation

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年

作者： Cui, Yue Ding, Haichuan Ma, Ying Li, Xuanheng Zhang, Haixia Fang, Yuguang Beijing Institute of Technology School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Information and Electronics Beijing100081 China Dalian University of Technology School of Information and Communication Engineering Dalian116023 China Southeast University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Nanjing210096 China Shandong University Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wireless Communication Technologies School of Control Science and Engineering Jinan250061 China City University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Hong Kong

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has emerged as a promising technology for future millimeter wave (mmWave) networks. However, the susceptibility of mmWave signals to blockages poses considerable challenges for ISAC as it can result in unreliable links and disrupted sensing. As a result, this paper investigates the blockage-resilient ISAC design that leverages the robustness offered by multi-base station (BS) collaboration. Given the dynamic blockages and the fluctuation in the targets' radar cross section (RCS), the blockage-resilient multiBS collaborative ISAC design is cast as a chance constrained integer programming (CCIP) by jointly considering the diverse deadlines of different sensing tasks and the spatial/temporal user-target pairing for dual-functional radar and communication (DFRC) waveform scheduling. To facilitate efficient solution finding, we develop a group concatenating assisted reinforcement learning (GCRL) algorithm, where we linearize the chance constraints via variable grouping and concatenation, enabling the RL agent to understand the problem structure with bipartite graphs so as to develop an efficient branching policy. Extensive experiments demonstrate the resilience of the obtained ISAC scheme to dynamic blockages. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Integer programming

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A fluorescent optical fiber sensor for real-time, portable detection of alkaline phosphatase activity

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Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2025年 433卷

作者： Li, Dan Shen, Yutao Li, Na Li, Xiaolong Li, Mao Huang, Zijia Zhao, Yong School of Control Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao Qinhuangdao066004 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is ubiquitous in mammalian tissues, facilitating the dephosphorylation of diverse biomolecules. As a key biomarker, ALP activity monitoring is of great significance for clinical research and disease diagnosis. Here, a sensitive and portable fluorescent fiber optic sensor based on silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) was developed for detecting ALP activity. Green-fluorescent SiQDs were synthesized using a one-pot hydrothermal method. A tapered optical fiber was facilely modified with SiQDs through in situ hydrogel polymerization reaction. The hydrogel-based optical fiber ALP sensor was meticulously designed by incorporating ALP-triggered cascade reaction. ALP catalyzes the substrate hydrolysis to produce ascorbic acid (AA), which then triggers a chromogenic redox reaction between AA and Cu(II)-neocuproine chelate to form highly colored Cu(I)-chelate, effectively quenching the fluorescence of the SiQDs due to inner filter effect. This method provides a linear detection of ALP activity within the range of 0.02–2.0 U/L. The sensor was applied to ALP activity detection in real serum samples, demonstrating its practicability and reliability. This sensor offers the advantages of high sensitivity (a detection limit of 0.015 U/L), exceptional selectivity, good practicability and simplified fabrication, presenting a portable and efficient technique for on-line ultrasensitive detection of ALP activity in biological samples. It provides a new perspective for developing high-performance optical fiber sensors, with significant practical value for applications in health monitoring, clinical diagnostics, and emergency analysis. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Ascorbic acid

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Sensing With Random communication Signals

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IEEE Network 2025年

作者： Lu, Shihang Liu, Fan Xiong, Yifeng Du, Zhen Cui, Yuanhao Li, Shuangyang Yuan, Weijie Yang, Jie Jin, Shi Southeast University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Nanjing210096 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing100876 China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing210044 China Technical University of Berlin Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Berlin10587 Germany Shenzhen518055 China Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security China Southeast University MOE Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex Systems of Engineering Nanjing211189 China

communication-centric Integrated Sensing and communication (ISAC) has been recognized as a promising methodology to implement wireless sensing functionality over existing network architectures, due to its cost-effectiveness and backward compatibility to legacy cellular systems. However, the inherent randomness of the communication signal may incur huge fluctuations in sensing capabilities, leading to unfavorable detection and estimation performance. To address this issue, we elaborate on random ISAC signal processing methods in this article, aiming at improving the sensing performance without unduly deteriorating the communication functionality. Specifically, we commence by discussing the fundamentals of sensing with random communication signals, including the performance metrics and optimal ranging waveforms. Building on these concepts, we then present a general framework for random ISAC signal transmission, followed by an in-depth exploration of time-domain pulse shaping, frequency-domain constellation shaping, and spatial-domain precoding methods. We provide a comprehensive overview of each of these topics, including models, results, and design guidelines. Finally, we conclude this article by identifying several promising research directions for random ISAC signal transmission. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile telecommunication systems

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Near-Infrared Tomographic Thermometry for Three-Dimensional Flame Based on Multi-Level Parallel Defocusing

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Shi, Jinhao Guan, Jinge Zheng, Yongqiu Li, Nan Xue, Chenyang State Key Laboratory of Extreme Environment Optoelectronic Dynamic Measurement Technology and Instrument North University of China Taiyuan030051 China School of Information and Communication Engineering North University of China Taiyuan030051 China School of Aerospace Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen361102 China

In this work, a near-infrared tomographic thermometry method based on the multi-level parallel defocusing is proposed, which can measure the three-dimensional temperature of combustion flame. By applying Fourier optics to establish the object-image mapping relationship, three-dimensional gray level model of the combustion flame is analyzed, and the combustion temperature is calculated by utilizing Planck's radiation law. The thermometer is designed with different imaging channels, each focused on different axial sections of flame. It consists of integrated beam splitter, synchronous control circuit, imagers and mechanical packaging. Firstly, the flame radiation is distributed to different output channels through an integrated splitting prism as the beam splitter. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit is used to drive the imagers arranged at different channel ports for the acquisition of transient combustion flame information, and the mechanical structure is employed to fabricate the overall package. Secondly, the coaxial optical path of thermometer, the point spread function and the photoelectric mapping are calibrated for higher precision measurement. After the calibration, the effectiveness of tomography is verified by the four-layer acrylic plate with an axial 15 mm interval. The section information at different spatial positions along the axis direction can be separated. After screening the flame spectral information, the appropriate measurement band is selected. Finally, the temperature measurement experiment of the tail flame of the solid burner is carried out. The experimental results show that between the theoretical value and the measured value, the maximum measurement error is within 10%. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical transfer function

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Evolving Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) for Diverse Ubiquitous Resources Utilization: A Survey

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Telecommunication Systems 2025年第2期88卷 1-41页

作者： Khattak, Muhammad Ilyas Yuan, Hui Khan, Ajmal Ahmad, Ayaz Ullah, Inam Ahmed, Manzoor School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province China Communication and Information Research Center Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering King Faisal University Al-Ahsa Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong Jianzhu University (SDJZU) Jinan China School of Computer and Information Science and AI Industrial Technology Research Hubei Engineering University Xiaogan China

The surge in smart device usage and the demand for high-throughput, low-latency mobile networks have accelerated the adoption of distributed smart applications and Collaborative Resource Management (CRM) techniques such as Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC). With its ability to handle large data volumes, computational demands, scalability, and high energy consumption, MEC represents the next generation of Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC), addressing key challenges in emerging smart applications. MEC supports real-time, high-throughput, and energy-efficient techniques like task offloading and ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). However, as these techniques become more widespread, their diversity increases, leading to complexities that make them harder to understand and validate in different applications. This includes their use in areas like assistance for unmanned vehicles (UVs), autonomous driving, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), high altitude platforms (HAPs), underwater unmanned vehicles (UUVs), satellite air-ground communication (SAGC), and other emerging systems that rely on Collaborative Resource Management (CRM). Although a number of review articles pertaining to MEC systems exist, we analyzed techniques beyond task offloading that explore MEC system applicability in diverse domains, including UUVs, vehicular edge computing, Re-configurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS), Massive MIMO, autonomous driving, HAPs, and SAGC. From the perspective of these optimization techniques, this article highlights their role in shaping MEC’s evolution, focusing on parameters such as real-time response, energy efficiency, and other critical factors in task offloading processes. We also explored the role of Standard Development Organizations (SDOs), such as ETSI and IEEE, in advancing MEC systems. This included an analysis of offloading techniques based on their principles, features, and trade-offs, using key performance indicators (KPIs) for fair comparison, while ident

关键词： Computation offloading

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A Temperature Self-Compensating Fiber-Optic Fabry-Perot Sensor for High-Sensitive Vector Magnetic Field measurement

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IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and measurement 2025年 74卷

作者： Pan, Rui Wang, Chaopeng Yang, Wenlong Liu, Ji Zhang, Liuyang Yu, Shuang Wu, Haibin Zhang, Mingze Harbin University of Science and Technology Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application The School of Measurement and Communication Engineering The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Harbin150080 China Harbin University of Science and Technology Heilongjiang Prov. Key Lab. of Laser Spectrosc. Technol. and Applic. The Sch. of Msrmt. and Commun. Eng. Harbin150080 China Harbin University of Science and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Harbin150080 China

A parallel Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs) fiber-optic sensor based on magnetic fluid (MF) and Vernier effect is proposed. The proposed sensor consists of two parallel FPIs, fabricated by splicing a section of hole-assisted one-core fiber (HAOCF) onto an Au-plated single-mode fiber (APSMF). The side holes of the HAOCF in two FPIs are filled with MF and polydimethylsiloxane, respectively. This configuration allows the sensor to utilize the Vernier effect to enhance magnetic field detection sensitivity while achieving temperature self-compensation within the operating range. Additionally, the asymmetric structure of the sensor produces different spectral responses to varying magnetic field directions. The spectral data under different magnetic field directions are collected and used to train the designed convolutional neural network (CNN). Combined with the trained CNN, the sensor overcomes the limitations of traditional wavelength demodulation methods and realizes the accurate identification of magnetic field direction in the range of 0°-360°. Experimental results show that the magnetic field sensitivity of the sensor reaches -1.27 nm/mT within the 0-7-mT range, which is 5.52 times higher than that of FPI1. The temperature crosstalk of the sensor is only $5.08\times 10^{-3}$ mT/°C, a reduction of 15.87 times compared to FPI1. The sensor achieved a prediction error of less than 0.37° for the magnetic field direction on the testing dataset. This work offers a novel methodology for optical fiber sensing in vector magnetic field detection applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Fabry-Perot interferometers

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Multispectral radiation temperature inversion based on Transformer-LSTM-SVM

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cui, Ying Qiu, Kongxin Gao, Shan Liu, Hailong Gao, Rongyan Chen, Liwei Zhang, Zezhan Jiang, Jing Niu, Yi Wang, Chao Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Communication and Information Technology Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Information and Communication Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Clean Energy Materials and Engineering Center School of Electronic Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

The key challenge in multispectral radiation thermometry is accurately measuring emissivity. Traditional constrained optimization methods often fail to meet practical requirements in terms of precision, efficiency, and noise resistance. However, the continuous advancement of neural networks in data processing offers a potential solution to this issue. This paper presents a multispectral radiation thermometry algorithm that combines Transformer, LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory), and SVM (Support Vector Machine) to mitigate the impact of emissivity, thereby enhancing accuracy and noise resistance. In simulations, compared to the BP neural network algorithm, GIM-LSTM, and Transformer-LSTM algorithms, the Transformer-LSTM-SVM algorithm demonstrates an improvement in accuracy of 1.23%, 0.46% and 0.13%, respectively, without noise. When 5% random noise is added, the accuracy increases by 1.39%, 0.51%, and 0.38%, respectively. Finally, experiments confirmed that the maximum temperature error using this method is less than 1%, indicating that the algorithm offers high accuracy, fast processing speed, and robust noise resistance. These characteristics make it well-suited for real-time high-temperature measurements with multi-wavelength thermometry equipment. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Constrained optimization

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Global Spatial-Temporal Information-based Residual ConvLSTM for Video Space-Time Super-Resolution

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Fu, Congrui Yuan, Hui Jiang, Shiqi Zhang, Guanghui Shen, Liquan Hamzaoui, Raouf Center of Experimental Teaching China Shandong University School of Control Science and Engineering China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and System Control China Shandong University School of software Shandong Jinan China Shandong University School of Computer Science and Technology China Shanghai University School of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai China De Montfort University School of Engineering and Sustainable Development LeicesterLE1 9BH United Kingdom

By converting low-frame-rate, low-resolution videos into high-frame-rate, high-resolution ones, space-time video super-resolution techniques can enhance visual experiences and facilitate more efficient information dissemination. We propose a convolutional neural network (CNN) for space-time video super-resolution, namely GIRNet. Our method combines long-term global information and short-term local information from the video to better extract complete and accurate spatial-temporal information. To generate highly accurate features and thus improve performance, the proposed network integrates a feature-level temporal interpolation module with deformable convolutions and a global spatial-temporal information-based residual convolutional long short-term memory (convLSTM) module. In the feature-level temporal interpolation module, we leverage deformable convolution, which adapts to deformations and scale variations of objects across different scene locations. This provides a more efficient solution than conventional convolution for extracting features from moving objects. Our network effectively uses forward and backward feature information to determine inter-frame offsets, leading to the direct generation of interpolated frame features. In the global spatial-temporal information-based residual convLSTM module, the first convLSTM is used to derive global spatial-temporal information from the input features, and the second convLSTM uses the previously computed global spatial-temporal information feature as its initial cell state. This second convLSTM adopts residual connections to preserve spatial information, thereby enhancing the output features. Experiments on the Vimeo90K dataset show that the proposed method outperforms open source state-of-the-art techniques in peak signal-to-noise-ratio (by 1.45 dB, 1.14 dB, and 0.2 dB over STARnet, TMNet, and 3DAttGAN, respectively), structural similarity index(by 0.027, 0.023, and 0.006 over STARnet, TMNet, and 3DAttGAN, respectiv

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Adaptive Extensive Cancellation Algorithm and Harmonic Enhanced Heart Rate Estimation based on MMWave Radar

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tang, Hui Yang, Zhan Rong, Yu Chai, Li Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Automation and Measurement Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan430081 China The School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ85281 United States College of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China

Heart rate (HR) monitoring is crucial for assessing physical fitness, cardiovascular health, and stress management. Millimeter-wave radar offers a promising non-contact solution for long-term monitoring. However, accurate HR estimation remains challenging in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. To deal with both respiration harmonics and intermodulation interference, this paper proposes a cancellation-before-estimation strategy. Firstly, we present the adaptive extensive cancellation algorithm (ECA) to suppress respiratory and its low-order harmonics. Then, we propose an adaptive harmonic enhanced trace (AHET) method to avoid intermodulation interference by refining the HR search region. Various experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods, demonstrating improvements in accuracy, robustness, and computational efficiency compared to conventional approaches based on the FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) system. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Intermodulation

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