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Domain Adaptation-based Radio Frequency Fingerprint Identification for Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

IEEE Network 2025年

作者： Wang, Yatong Cao, Bin Wen, Zhongyi Yan, Mu Song, Changqing Beijing Institute of Technology School of Information and Electronics Beijing100081 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing100876 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Information and Communication Engineering Chengdu611731 China Laboratory of Electromagnetic Space Cognition and Intelligent Control Technology Beijing100191 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Chengdu611731 China Laboratory of Electromagnetic Space Cognition and Intelligent Control Beijing100191 China

With the widespread adoption of cloud and fog platforms, security issues facing Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPSs) are increasingly prominent. Radio Frequency Fingerprinting (RFFI) emerges as a promising physical layer security technique for user authentication, effectively enhancing ICPS security over wireless networks by exploiting inherenthardware imperfections in transmitters. However, as technologies evolve and user environments become denser and more complex, existing RFFI techniques encounter significant domain shift challenges, leading to performance degradation. Therefore, developing domain-adaptive RFFI techniques is crucial for the effectiveness of ICPSs. In this article, we first provide a comprehensive review of the RFFI framework, emphasizing its applications in ICPSs and the key processes involved. Next, we focus on the domain shift issues faced by RFFI in ICPSs and present a comprehensive survey of domain adaptation methods. To tackle these challenges, we propose a novel feature-alignment based domain adaptation (FADA) framework for RFFI, which is designed to mitigate the performance degradation caused bycross-domain shifts by aligning the feature representations of the source and target domain. Finally, we discuss the inherent challenges and future directions for developing domain adaptation based RFFI to enhance the security of ICPSs. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Radio frequency identification (RFID)

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The fabrication of "8"-shape microstructured optical fiber and its application in pressure/temperature sensing

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Journal of Lightwave technology 2025年

作者： Xue, Pingsheng Fu, Yongqing Wu, Qiang Ng, Wai Pang Binns, Richard Liu, Qiang Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Northumbria University Faculty of Engineering and Environment Newcastle upon TyneNE1 8ST United Kingdom Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao School of Control Engineering Qinhuangdao066004 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology Qinhuangdao066004 China

A microstructured optical fiber was designed. The internal structure of the fiber consists of two round channels, and its cross-section resembles the shape of "8". This fiber can be applied in the fields of pressure sensing and temperature sensing. The stress induced by pressure on the core increases the birefringence due to the photo-elastic effect. When an appropriate liquid material, such as glycerol, is filled into the two round channels of the fiber, temperature sensing can be achieved based on the coupling between the fiber core and the liquid rod. Both pressure and temperature sensing characteristics were investigated in detail in experiments. By constructing a Sagnac interferometer, the pressure sensitivity reached 109.78 nm/MPa. Based on the coupling between the core and the infiltrated glycerol in the round channels, the temperature sensitivity was as high as -47.15 nm/°C. Their cross-sensitivities were also analyzed. The pressure or temperature sensors based on this fiber are highly suitable for scenarios such as the oil and gas industries. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Gas industry

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EAVFormer: an end-to-end audio and visual emotion recognition network based on transformers

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Multimedia Systems 2025年第3期31卷 1-22页

作者： Liu, Haoran Sun, Zijian Li, Haibin Li, Yaqian Zhang, Wenming Song, Tao School of Information Science and Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao066004 China The Key Laboratory for Special Fiber and Fiber Sensor of Hebei Province Yanshan University Qinhuangdao066004 China Key Lab of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Hebei Province Yanshan University Qinhuangdao066004 China Shenzhen Research Institute of Yanshan University Shenzhen518057 China Key Lab of Measurement Technology & Instrumentation of Hebei Province School of Electrical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao066004 China

Audio-visual emotion recognition, integrating information from various sources, enhances the comprehensive understanding and analysis of human emotions. However, existing methods in this field primarily focus on feature fusion, often overlooking the equally crucial stage of feature extraction. Typically, these methods employ pre-trained models to extract features during the initial phase, complicating modality-specific feature extraction and increasing system complexity and coordination challenges, which hinder effective audio-visual feature fusion. To address these issues, we propose an end-to-end audio-visual emotion recognition model, EAVFormer. For the audio modality, we input raw audio signals along with a mix of mel spectrograms and Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs), employing a hierarchical transformer technique that facilitates both shallow local and deep global feature extraction to fully harness complementary acoustic information, significantly enhancing the acoustic modality’s contribution. For the visual modality, we input raw video frames and employ a hierarchical transformer feature extraction method that integrates three-dimensional convolution and spatio-temporal self-attention mechanisms to address spatial and temporal redundancies and dependencies, thereby enhancing the expression of dynamic visual information. In the modal fusion stage, we construct dual-modality representations and encode inter-modal information while preserving modality-specific and meaningful intra-modal features. Testing on three popular datasets RAVDESS, CREMA-D, and CMU-MOSEI demonstrates that EAVFormer surpasses existing state-of-the-art methods in audio-visual emotion recognition accuracy, achieving rates of 95.17%, 86.13%, and 78.22%, respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Image coding

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STARS Assisted Semi-Grant-Free NOMA communications

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless communications 2025年

作者： Xie, Jin Yue, Xinwei Zhao, Jingjing Zou, Yixuan Liu, Yuanwei Liu, Rongke Ding, Zhiguo Key Laboratory of Information and Communication Systems China Beijing Information Science and Technology University Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology Ministry of Education Beijing100101 China Beihang University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100191 China Queen Mary University of London School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom The University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong Kyung Hee University Department of Electronic Engineering Gyeonggi-do Yongin-si17104 Korea Republic of Khalifa University Department of Computer and Information Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

This paper investigates the performance of simultaneously transmitting and reflecting surface (STARS) assisted semi-grant-free non-orthogonal multiple access network with randomly distributed users. By deploying STARS, the transmit signals of grant-based user (GBU) and grant-free users (GFUs) can be exquisitely adjusted to reduce interference. We propose a maximum channel scheduling (MCS) protocol that allows a GFU to access GBU’s channel with the assistance of STARS. In particular, the impacts of perfect/imperfect successive interference cancellation (pSIC/ipSIC) on MCS protocol are taken into account. To characterize the performance of STARS aided MCS (STARS-MCS) network, we derive the expressions of outage probability for GBU and GFU with pSIC/ipSIC. By applying convolution theorem and Laplace transform, the asymptotic expressions of outage probability and diversity orders for GBU and GFU are attained. We further design a STARS-based power control (SPC) strategy to eliminate the outage probability error floor and improve the outage performance. Numerical results show that: 1) The performance of STARS-MCS outperforms the existing benchmarks in terms of outage probability and system throughput;2) The SPC strategy can effectively improve the performance of the STARS-MCS network and eliminate the outage probability error floor at high signal-to-noise ratios;and 3) By adjusting reflection and transmission coefficients of STARS, the outage performance of GBU and GFU can be greatly enhanced. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laplace transforms

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UAV-Assisted IoT Data Collection Scheme for IRS-Enabled Backscatter communication Networks

IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking

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IEEE Transactions on Green communications and Networking 2025年

作者： Han, Shuai Wang, Jinming Xu, Sai Wang, Shiji Li, Cheng Harbin Institute of Technology School of Electronics and Information Engineering China 5GIC and 6GIC GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom Southeast University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Nanjing211111 China Beijing Aerospace Measurement and control Technology CO.LTD Beijing China Simon Fraser University School of Engineering Science BurnabyBCV5A 1S6 Canada

Data collection schemes assisted by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) play a key role in Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks. Nonetheless, the massive IoT devices bring new challenges, especially the high energy consumption. The backscatter communication (BackCom) technique can utilize ambient signals for passive transmission, thus being applicable to IoT systems. Due to its numerous reflecting elements, Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) can accomplish backscatter with high beamforming gain. Thus, IRS is suitable to alleviate the double-fading effect, which significantly restrains the development of BackCom networks. This paper utilizes the IRS-based BackCom technique to achieve efficient IoT data collection with the help of a UAV. The UAV provides carriers for multiple IRSs, which can emit data through backscatter. Then, the UAV collects the backward data dynamically. To maximize the collected data, the UAV's transmit power, trajectory, and the IRS's beamformers are jointly optimized. The optimization is realized through an alternative algorithm based on block coordinate descent (BCD) and reinforcement learning (RL). The Lagrangian dual transformation and semi-definite relaxation (SDR) approaches are employed to address the non-convexity of the problem effectively. Finally, simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed optimization scheme in the introduced system model. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Simulation-Based Metrological Temperature Ensuring and control of the Temperature Field in an Induction Furnace Based on Various Parameters

Simulation-Based Metrological Temperature Ensuring and Contr...

引用

International Conference on Computer and Automation engineering, ICCAE

作者： Jan Rybář Samuel Emebu Sayed Yousuf Sayed Sohaibullah Zarghoon Lukáš Bartalský Peter Onderčo Andrej Smetánka Radek Matušů Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Automation Informatization and Measurement Slovak University of Technology Bratislava Slovakia Department of Separation Science LUT School of Engineering Science Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology Lappeenranta Finland Department of Auto mechanical Engineering Faculty of Electro-Mechanic Kabul Polytechnic University Kabul Afghanistan Department of Automation and Control Engineering Faculty of Applied Informatics Tomas Bata University in Zlín Zlín Czech Republic

ISBN: (数字)9798331533816

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533823

Induction heating is widely used in industrial furnaces because of its rapid response time and high energy efficiency. To design and optimize these furnaces, computer-aided simulations are essential. This study aims to develop an accurate temperature field model for a square cross-section steel billet in an induction furnace by leveraging various parameters in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The simulation analysis incorporated temperature dynamics, considering skin depth, temperaturedependent, and constant parameters of the steel billet. The datadriven model was converted into a state-space representation utilizing MATLAB's System Identification Toolbox. This conversion facilitated the design of a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) with integral gain and pole placement. Further, these controllers' performance was analyzed, and controllers were successfully implemented to regulate the temperature field of the billet from initial temperature to reference temperature, utilizing the distributed parameter system control circuit.

关键词： Billets Analytical models Temperature Accuracy Computational modeling Furnaces Mathematical models Temperature control Steel Induction heating

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220 GHz RIS-Aided Multi-user Terahertz communication System: Prototype Design and Over-the-Air Experimental Trials

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Hou, Yanzhao Wang, Guoning Chen, Chen Mu, Gaoze Cui, Qimei Tao, Xiaofeng Yang, Yuanmu National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Networks Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China Pengcheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055 China School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China State Key Laboratory for Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Terahertz (THz) communication technology is regarded as a promising enabler for achieving ultra-high data rate transmission in next-generation communication systems. To mitigate the high path loss in THz systems, the transmitting beams are typically narrow and highly directional, which makes it difficult for a single beam to serve multiple users simultaneously. To address this challenge, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), which can dynamically manipulate the wireless propagation environment, have been integrated into THz communication systems to extend coverage. Existing works mostly remain theoretical analysis and simulation, while prototype validation of RIS-assisted THz communication systems is scarce. In this paper, we designed a liquid crystal-based RIS operating at 220 GHz supporting both single-user and multi-user communication scenarios, followed by a RIS-aided THz communication system prototype. To enhance the system performance, we developed a beamforming method including a real-time power feedback control, which is compatible with both single-beam and multi-beam modes. To support simultaneous multi-user transmission, we designed an OFDM-based resource allocation scheme. In our experiments, the received power gain with RIS is no less than 10 dB in the single-beam mode, and no less than 5 dB in the multi-beam mode. With the assistance of RIS, the achievable rate of the system could reach 2.341 Gbps with 3 users sharing 400 MHz bandwidth and the bit error rate (BER) of the system decreased sharply. Finally, an image transmission experiment was conducted to vividly show that the receiver could recover the transmitted information correctly with the help of RIS. The experimental results also demonstrated that the received signal quality was enhanced through power feedback adjustments. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bit error rate

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Optimizing PV-battery energy storage for netzero emission traction power system through artificial rabbit optimization method

引用

Journal of Energy Storage 2025年 126卷

作者： Li, Zhijian Hu, Yihua Ollerenshaw, Richard Li, Xinian He, Zengxiang Esfahani, Mohammad Nasr School of Physics Engineering and Technology University of York YorkYO10 5DD United Kingdom Department of Engineering King's College London LondonWC2R 2LS United Kingdom Siemens Rail Electrification Siemens Mobility York United Kingdom School of Information and Electronics Engineering Shandong Technology and Business University Yantai264005 China Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex Systems of Engineering Ministry of Education Nanjing210096 China School of Automation Southeast University Nanjing210096 China

The transition from traditional fossil fuels to renewable energy is becoming increasingly feasible and is essential for addressing energy and environmental challenges. In transportation electrification, the variability of power demand and the intermittent nature of renewable energy generation present challenges to achieving high renewable energy utilization. Battery energy storage systems (BESS) integrated to renewable resources offer a viable solution to these intermittency issues, though their costs require careful optimization. This paper explores the cost implications of using on-site renewable energy to power a railway traction system. It proposes a photovoltaic (PV) energy storage strategy optimized with the Artificial Rabbit Algorithm (ARO). By applying railway load and regional PV data, we optimize the capacity of BESS and the rated power of the PV site to meet railway electricity demands while minimizing investment and operational costs. The study shows that the capacity of BESS and the size of the PV installation depend on different self-sufficiency ratio (SSR) requirements, leading to an optimized configuration for highly renewable systems. Additionally, the study highlights that considering battery aging is crucial for reducing costs in traction power systems using renewable energy and remains economically viable under time-of-use pricing policies. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Battery storage

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Additive manufacturing of silicon carbide microwave-absorbing metamaterials

Additive Manufacturing Frontiers

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Additive Manufacturing Frontiers 2025年第1期4卷

作者： Zhao, Hanqing Liao, Qingwei Li, Yinghao Chu, Xiangcheng Yuan, Songmei Qin, Lei Key Laboratory of Sensors Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing 100192 China Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement & Control Technology Ministry of Education Beijing Information Science & Technology University Beijing 100192 China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Material Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang University Beijing 100191 China

SiC is a wave-absorbing material with good dielectric properties, high-temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, which has great potential for development in the field of high-temperature wave-absorbing. However, SiC is limited by its low impedance-matching performance and single wave-absorbing mechanism. Therefore, compatible metamaterial technologies are required to enhance its wave-absorbing performance further. The electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing metamaterials can realize perfect absorption of EMWs in specific frequency bands and precise regulation of EMW phase, propagation mode, and absorption frequency bands through structural changes. However, the traditional molding methods for manufacturing complex geometric shapes require expensive molds, involve process complexity, and have poor molding accuracy and other limitations. Therefore, additive manufacturing (AM) technology, through material layered stacking to achieve the processing of materials, is a comprehensive multidisciplinary advanced manufacturing technology and has become the core technology for manufacturing metamaterials. This review introduces the principles and applications of different AM technologies for SiC and related materials, discusses the current status and development trends of various AM technologies for fabricating silicon–carbon-based wave-absorbing metamaterials, summarizes the limitations and technological shortcomings of existing AM technologies for fabricating silicon–carbon-based wave-absorbing metamaterials, and provides an outlook for the future development of related AM technologies. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Additive manufacturing Electromagnetic absorption Metamaterials SiC

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Joint beamforming and compressed sensing for uplink grant-free access

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xia, Guoqing Xiao, Pei Li, Bohan Zhang, Yue Zhou, Huiyu School of Engineering University of Leicester LeicesterLE1 7RH United Kingdom University of Surrey GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of Leicester LeicesterLE1 7RH United Kingdom Institute of Communication Measurement Technology Chengdu610095 China

Compressed sensing (CS)-based techniques have been widely applied in the grant-free non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to a single-antenna base station (BS). In this paper, we consider the multi-antenna reception at the BS for uplink grant-free access for the massive machine type communication (mMTC) with limited channel resources. To enhance the overloading performance of the BS, we develop a general framework for the synergistic amalgamation of the spatial division multiple access (SDMA) technique with the CS-based grant-free NOMA. We derive a closed-form statistical beamforming and a dynamic beamforming scheme for the inter-cluster interference suppression when applying SDMA. Based on this, we further develop a joint adaptive beamforming and subspace pursuit (J-ABF-SP) algorithm for the multiuser detection and data recovery, with a novel sparsity level decision method without the accurate knowledge of the noise level. To further improve the data recovery performance, we propose an interference cancellation-based J-ABF-SP scheme (J-ABF-SP-IC) by using the initial signal estimates generated from the J-ABF-SP algorithm. Illustrative simulations verify the superior user detection and signal recovery performance of our proposed algorithms in comparison with existing CS-based grant-free NOMA techniques. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Beamforming

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