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Confined spaces path following for cable-driven snake robots with prediction lookup and interpolation algorithms

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第2期63卷 255-264页

作者： TANG Lei ZHU LiMin ZHU XiangYang GU GuoYing Robotics Institute School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

While cable-driven snake robots are promising in exploring confined spaces, their hyper-redundancy makes the collision-free motion planning difficult. In this paper, by combining the prediction lookup and interpolation algorithms, we present a new path following method for cable-driven snake robots to high-efficiently slither into complex terrains along a desired path. In our method, we first discretize the desired path into points, and develop the prediction lookup algorithm to efficiently find the points matched with joints of the robot. According to geometric relations between the prediction lookup results and link length of the robot, we develop the interpolation algorithm to reduce the tracking errors caused by the discretization. Finally, simulations and experiments of inspections in two confined spaces including the obstacle array and pipe tank system are performed on our custom-built 25 degree of freedoms(DOFs) cable-driven snake robot. The results demonstrate that the presented method can successfully navigate our snake robot into confined spaces with high computational efficiency and good accuracy, which well verifies effectiveness of our development.

关键词： cable-driven snake robot confined spaces path following prediction lookup interpolation

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Performance characterization of ionic-hydrogel based strain sensors

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第6期63卷 923-930页

作者： XU HaiPeng SHEN ZeQun GU GuoYing Robotics Institute School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Ionic hydrogels,owing to the advantages of stretchability,conductivity and transparency,have attracted more attention for developing new soft sensors and artificial *** works on ionic-hydrogel based sensors mostly focus on material synthesis,structure design and functional integration,while few studies investigate the characterization of their sensing *** this paper,we present a method to characterize the performance(e.g.,sensitivity,linearity and repeatability)of a kind of ionic-hydrogel based strain sensors by varying the testing frequencies and the sensors’geometry(e.g.,length-width(L/W)ratio).To this end,we first develop an experimental testing platform and fabricate a series of strain sensors made of the polyacrylamide(PAAm)hydrogel containing ionic conductive *** establish an equivalent electrical model to represent the ionic-hydrogel based strain sensors,indicating the influence of the testing frequencies and L/W ratio of the ionic hydrogels on their sensing *** theoretical predictions are in agreement with results obtained through experimental *** further demonstrate that(1)the sensitivity of the strain sensors,characterized by the gauge factor(GF),increases with the rise of testing frequencies but tends to be stable over the frequency of 5 kHz;(2)the sensitivity GF has a nonlinear relation with the L/W ratio of the strain sensors,but with a certain maximum value under the same testing frequency when the L/W ratio equals to *** verify the above experimental observations with two commonly used electrolytes,including lithium chloride and sodium *** the optimum testing frequency and L/W ratio,we finally conduct various experiments to demonstrate the low hysteresis and good repeatability of our ionic-hydrogel based strain *** work provides an approach to characterize the performance of the ionic-hydrogel based strain sensors,which may be an important step forward in further applicatio

关键词： ionic hydrogels sensor characterization large-strain sensor stretchable electronics

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Practical Applicability of PLA for Industrial Wireless Networks: Gaps and Directions

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IEEE Network 2025年

作者： Liang, Wei Wei, Fuyou Wang, Qi Zhan, Ming Wang, Ke Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of Automation Shenyang110016 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Networked Control System Shenyang Institute of Automation Shenyang110016 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Shenyang110169 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Shandong Normal University Jinan250014 China Taizhou University School of Electronics and Information Engineering Zhejiang Taizhou China

The rapid transformation of Industrial Cyber-Physical system (ICPS) has introduced significant cyber security challenges, particularly in the context of ICPS. Wireless networks are a critical component of these systems, but their open nature makes them vulnerable to security threats. Physical Layer Authentication (PLA) algorithms based on Channel state Information (CSI) are essential complements to existing security technologies in wireless networks. However, their practical application faces challenges such as restricted sampling rates and uneven sampling interval, which result in low-precision CSI, significant random phase offsets, and signal distortion. This study aims to explore the feasibility of deploying and applying existing representative algorithms on industrial wireless commercial devices. According to characteristics of authentication algorithms and the adopted authentication features, we selected five of the latest physical layer authentication algorithms including supervised, semi-supervised, and unsupervised algorithms and deployed them on commercial devices that comply with the WIA-FA standard. We conducted systematic experiments focusing on the motion parameters of devices, the CSI data sampling frequency, the interference caused by worker movement, the surface materials of the devices, and the types of attacks. This study explores the ability of these algorithms to resist attacks and environmental interference in commercial devices and industrial scenarios. Extensive experimental data were collected, and the results indicate that existing authentication algorithms still need improvement to meet the requirements of industrial applications. The experiment findings and the summarized application challenges of these algorithms provide significant guidance for future research and practical industrial implementations. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Authentication

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Fluid pumping by liquid metal droplet utilizing ac electric field

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Physical Review E 2022年第2期105卷 025102-025102页

作者： Chun-Lei Song Ye Tao Wei-Yu Liu Yi-Cheng Chen Rui Xue Tian-Yi Jiang Biao Li Hong-Yuan Jiang Yu-Kun Ren State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Physics Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA School of Electronics and Control Engineering Chang'an University Xi'an 710000 China School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

We report a unique phenomenon in which liquid metal droplets (LMDs) under a pure ac electric field pump fluid. Unlike the directional pumping that occurs upon reversing the electric field polarity under a dc signal, this phenomenon allows the direction of fluid motion to be switched by simply shifting the position of the LMD within the cylindrical chamber. The physical mechanism behind this phenomenon has been termed Marangoni flow, caused by nonlinear electrocapillary stress. Under the influence of a localized, asymmetric ac electric field, the polarizable surface of the position-offset LMD produces a net time-averaged interfacial tension gradient that scales with twice the field strength, and thus pumps fluid unidirectionally. However, the traditional linear RC circuit polarization model of the LMD/electrolyte interface fails to capture the correct pump-flow direction when the thickness of the LMD oxide skin is non-negligible compared to the Debye length. Therefore, we developed a physical description by treating the oxide layer as a distributed capacitance with variable thickness and connected with the electric double layer. The flow profile is visualized via microparticle imaging velocimetry, and excellent consistency is found with simulation results obtained from the proposed nonlinear model. Furthermore, we investigate the effects of relevant parameters on fluid pumping and discuss a special phenomenon that does not exist in dc control systems. To our knowledge, no previous work addresses LMDs in this manner and uses a zero-mean ac electric field to achieve stable, adjustable directional pumping of a low-conductivity solution.

关键词： Electrokinetic flows Interfacial flows Surface tension effects Lagrangian particle tracking

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Time-Optimal Trajectory Planning Based on Dynamics for Industrial Robot 5

Time-Optimal Trajectory Planning Based on Dynamics for Indus...

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5th International Conference on Automation, Control and robotics engineering, CACRE 2020

作者： Wang, Rundong Kong, Minxiu Cheng, Yanchun Castellani, Marco Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin China University of Birmingham Department of Mechanical Engineering Birmingham United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781728198880

Given the trajectory of the industrial robot in Cartesian space, the existing methods only consider the kinematic constraints when optimizing the time trajectory planning, and ignore the maximum driving ability of the motor, which is likely to cause an overrun alarm and greatly reduce the trajectory accuracy. Therefore, this paper studies the time-optimal trajectory planning algorithm based on dynamics. Firstly, the algorithm discretizes the path, calculates the Cartesian coordinates of each discrete point and the differential about the path length. Then, this algorithm considers the constraints of dynamics and kinematics, uses the principle of linear programming, recursively calculates the upper limit value of speed and the maximum acceleration value at each discrete point, and calculates the speed value at each discrete point and keeps it within its allowable ranges. Finally, this algorithm uses the speed to calculate the corresponding time of each discrete point, and according to the interpolation period, outputs the path position of each period, the position and orientation in the Cartesian space and joint parameters. The MATLAB program is written to verify the feasibility and efficiency of the algorithm. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Industrial robots

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Permanent Magnet Shape Optimization Method for PMSM Air Gap Flux Density Harmonics Reduction

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and systems 2021年第4期5卷 284-290页

作者： Chengsi Liu Yongxiang Xu Jibin Zou Guodong Yu Liang Zhuo School of Electrical Engineering and Automation of HIT Department of Electrical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology the State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Institute of Technology and National Engineering Research Center for Small and Special Precision Motors Guizhou Aerospace Linquan Motor Co.Ltd

This paper proposed a permanent magnet optimization method to suppress the air gap flux density harmonic of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM).The method corrected the effective air gap length of the motor,calculated the magnetization length of the permanent in the case of parallel magnetization,and took the influence of the permanent magnet relative permeability into *** on these works,for a given sinusoidal air gap flux density waveform,the corresponding structural parameters can be calculated,so as to achieve the optimization of the permanent *** using this method to optimize the shape of the magnet,the fundamental wave of the air gap flux density can be retained to the greatest extent,so as to eliminate harmonics and maintain the output capacity at the same *** feasibility and accuracy of the method have been verified by finite element analysis(FEA)and prototype machine *** method is simple and time-saving,and has a satisfactory accuracy,which provides a reference method for permanent magnet optimization of PMSM.

关键词： Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) analytical method finite element analysis(FEA) magnet shape optimization.

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Joint Design of Radar Receive Filter and Unimodular ISAC Waveform with Sidelobe Level Control

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Kecheng Liu, Ya-Feng Wang, Zhongbin Yuan, Weijie Keskin, Musa Furkan Wymeersch, Henk Xia, Shuqiang School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics and Computer Vision Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Department of Electrical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg41296 Sweden ZTE Corporation The State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been considered a key feature of next-generation wireless networks. This paper investigates the joint design of the radar receive filter and dual-functional transmit waveform for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) ISAC system. While optimizing the mean square error (MSE) of the radar receive spatial response and maximizing the achievable rate at the communication receiver, besides the constraints of full-power radar receiving filter and unimodular transmit sequence, we control the maximum range sidelobe level, which is often overlooked in existing ISAC waveform design literature, for better radar imaging performance. To solve the formulated optimization problem with convex and nonconvex constraints, we propose an inexact augmented Lagrangian method (ALM) algorithm. For each subproblem in the proposed inexact ALM algorithm, we custom-design a block successive upper-bound minimization (BSUM) scheme with closed-form solutions for all blocks of variable to enhance the computational efficiency. Convergence analysis shows that the proposed algorithm is guaranteed to provide a stationary and feasible solution. Extensive simulations are performed to investigate the impact of different system parameters on communication and radar imaging performance. Comparison with the existing works shows the superiority of the proposed algorithm. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Mean square error

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Design and Development of a Rapidly Deployable Low-Cost Tensegrity In-Pipe Robot

Design and Development of a Rapidly Deployable Low-Cost Tens...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： Yixiang Liu Xiaolin Dai Kai Guo Jiang Wu Rui Song Jie Zhao Yibin Li School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions Chongqing University Chongqing China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Robot Hangzhou Shenhao Technology Co. Ltd Hangzhou China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Unmanned System of Ministry of Education School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan China School of Mechanical Engineering Shandong University Jinan China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

Existing in-pipe robots have insufficient adaptability when dealing with accidents in unfamiliar pipe environments. Developing a pipe robot that can be designed and manufactured quickly is one solution. The tensegrity structure is a self-stressing spatial structure formed by the interaction of rigid members and flexible cables, which has the advantages of simple structure, good flexibility, deformability, and impact resistance. Inspired by this structure, we design a novel worm-like tensegrity robot for different pipe environments, which can be manufactured rapidly at low cost. Firstly, a robotic module based on the tensegrity structure is designed inspired by the motion patterns of worm-like organisms. Then, the design process of the module is presented based on the mathematical analysis of the deformation. Finally, a prototype of the tensegrity robot is developed using simple and low-cost parts in less than an hour. To test the motion performance, load performance, and inspection capability of the tensegrity robot, we designed a series of experiments on horizontal pipes, vertical pipes, elbows, and steel pipes. Experimental results show that the worm-like tensegrity robot is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, low in cost, and good in performance.

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The long-acting walking control of a cockroach bio-bot for vision-aided pipeline navigation

The long-acting walking control of a cockroach bio-bot for v...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Songsong Ma Shen Liu Songlin Yang Yuansheng Chen Yao Li Bing Li State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin P.R. China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Morphing Mechanisms and Adaptive Robotics Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen P.R. China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen P.R. China

Many small bionic crawling robots have been invented for search and rescue missions in narrow spaces. However, their locomotion capability is far from that of insects of the same size. Transforming a cockroach into a bio-bot has been a hot topic in the past decade. Herein, we modified this insect to perform surveillance work in dark confined environments. The synergistic electrical stimulation for turning control was proposed by alternating electrical stimulation of the cerci and antennae every 5 trials. The result showed that this method was able to control cockroaches turning steadily 117 times. An electronic backpack was designed, which was capable of transmitting images in real time, and a light emitting diode (LED) was installed on the backpack providing a light source for the camera. Thus, a vision-aided navigation system was formed for dark confined environments, e.g. pipelines. With a host computer software, the operator controlled the bio-bot to pass through a completely dark and closed pipeline. The electronic backpack and the host computer were connected via transmission control protocol (TCP), which allows the operator to manipulate the bio-robot remotely. This technology can be applied in pipeline surveillance in the future.

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A simulation framework for ultrasound-guided minimally invasive robotic breast surgery

A simulation framework for ultrasound-guided minimally invas...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics

作者： Le Zhang Yanchen Ye Baoshan Niu Genliang Xiong Dapeng Yang State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin HeilongJiang China School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481106

Surgical simulation plays an essential role for surgeons to familiarize themselves with surgical procedures and improve the success rate of surgery. In this paper, a flexible and easy-extendable intervention surgery simulation framework was presented, which can perform virtual simulation training and realize synchronous interaction between the real and virtual environment. In particular for breast surgery, the simulation framework was exemplified for an ultrasound-guided minimally invasive robotic breast surgery. The framework used Visual Studio ® (Microsoft, USA) and Chai3D open graphics library to realize the virtual surgery environment, and integrated the anti-collision warning of the robotic arms and teleoperation communication support. A layered deformation model of breast was established based on the Mass-Spring Model to simulate the real-time deformation of breast during puncture surgery. In addition, due to the hyperelasticity and great deformation characteristics of breast soft tissue, we further used an improved meshless Radial Point Interpolation Method to improve the simulation accuracy of breast soft tissue deformation model. Finally, experiments on robot pressing a rectangular parallelepiped breast phantom were carried out to verify the simulation accuracy of the deformation model.

关键词： Deformable models Training Visualization Ultrasonic imaging Minimally invasive surgery Biological system modeling Biological tissues

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