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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 2024年第8期105卷 S12-S155页

作者： Dunn, R.J.H. Blannin, J. Gobron, N. Miller, J.B. Willett, K.M. Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter United Kingdom European Commission Joint Research Centre Ispra Italy NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory Boulder Colorado European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reading United Kingdom University of Maryland College Park Maryland European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Bonn Germany Department of Meteorology and National Centre for Earth Observation University of Reading Reading United Kingdom Hampton University Hampton Virginia National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment (INRAE) CARRTEL Université Savoie Mont Blanc Thonon les Bains France Graduate School of Agriculture Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Japan NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Asheville North Carolina Science Faculty Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia University of Bremen Bremen Germany Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación – Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-UV-GVA) Valencia Spain Hydro-Climate Extremes Lab (H-CEL) Ghent University Ghent Belgium Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE) LSCE/IPSL CEA-CNRS-UVSQ Gif-sur-Yvette France Instituto de Geografía Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Valparaíso Chile Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia University of Reading Reading United Kingdom Institute Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL) Guyancourt France School of Engineering Newcastle University Newcastle-upon-Tyne United Kingdom Université Paris Cité Institut de physique du globe de Paris CNRS IGN F-75005 Paris France Univ Gustave Eiffel ENSG IGN F-77455 Marne-la-Vallée France Laboratoire EDYTEM CNRS/Université Savoie Mont-Blanc Le Bourget-du-Lac France Global Modeling and Assimilation Office NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt Maryland Universität Hamburg Hamburg Germany Climate Dynamics Lab University of St Andrews St Andrews United Kingdom Ea

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INTRODUCTION

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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 2024年第8期105卷 S1-S11页

作者： Boyer, T. Blunden, J. Dunn, R.J.H. NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Silver Spring Maryland NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Asheville North Carolina Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter United Kingdom European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reading United Kingdom University of Maryland College Park Maryland Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla California NOAA/NWS National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Prediction Center College Park Maryland Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg Germany Servicio Meteorológico Nacional Buenos Aires Argentina NOAA/OAR Physical Sciences Laboratory Boulder Colorado European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Bonn Germany Center for Geophysical Research and School of Physics University of Costa Rica San José Costa Rica Department of Meteorology and National Centre for Earth Observation University of Reading Reading United Kingdom Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais CEMADEN São Paulo Brazil Université Grenoble Alpes Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement IRD CNRS Grenoble INP Grenoble France Hampton University Hampton Virginia Seychelles Meteorological Authority Mahe Seychelles Section for Glaciers Ice and Snow Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate Oslo Norway National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment (INRAE) CARRTEL Université Savoie Mont Blanc Thonon les Bains France Graduate School of Agriculture Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Japan Science Faculty Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia University of Bremen Bremen Germany NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory Boulder Colorado Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú Lima Perú Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación – Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-UV-GVA) Valencia Spain Hydro-Climate Extremes Lab (H-CEL) Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department o

In 2023, La Niña conditions that generally prevailed in the eastern Pacific ocean from mid-2020 into early 2023 gave way to a strong El Niño by October. Atmospheric concentrations of Earth’s major greenhouse gases—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all increased to record-high levels. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere rose to 419.3±0.1 ppm, which is 50% greater than the pre-industrial level. The growth from 2022 to 2023 was 2.8 ppm, the fourth highest in the record since the 1960s. The combined short-term effects of El Niño and the long-term effects of increasing levels of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere contributed to new records for many essential climate variables reported here. The annual global temperature across land and oceans was the highest in records dating as far back as 1850, with the last seven months (June–December) having each been record warm. Over land, the globally averaged temperature was also record high. Dozens of countries reported record or near-record warmth for the year, including China and continental Europe as a whole (warmest on record), India and Russia (second warmest), and Canada (third warmest). Intense and widespread heatwaves were reported around the world. In Vietnam, an all-time national maximum temperature record of 44.2°C was observed at Tuong Duong on 7 May, surpassing the previous record of 43.4°C at Huong Khe on 20 April 2019. In Brazil, the air temperature reached 44.8°C in Araçuaí in Minas Gerais on 20 November, potentially a new national record and 12.8°C above normal. The effect of rising temperatures was apparent in the cryosphere, where snow cover extent by June 2023 was the smallest in the 56-year record for North America and seventh smallest for the Northern Hemisphere overall. Heatwaves contributed to the greatest average mass balance loss for Alpine glaciers around the world since the start of the record in 1970. Due to rapid volume loss beginning in 2021, St. A

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History and Habitability of the LP 890-9 Planetary System

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Barnes, Rory do Amaral, Laura N.R. Birky, Jessica Carone, Ludmila Driscoll, Peter Livesey, Joseph R. Graham, David Becker, Juliette Cui, Kaiming Schlecker, Martin Garcia, Rodolfo Gialluca, Megan Adams, Arthur Ahmed, M.D. Redyan Bonney, Paul Broussard, Wynter Chawla, Chetan Damasso, Mario Danchi, William C. Deitrick, Russell Ducrot, Elsa Fromont, Emeline F. Gaches, Brandt A.L. Gupta, Sakshi Hill, Michelle L. Jackman, James A.G. Janin, Estelle M. Karawacki, Mikolaj Koren, Matheus Daniel Greca, Roberto La Leung, Michaela Miranda-Rosete, Arturo Olohoy, Michael Kent A. Ngo, Cecelia Paul, Daria Sahu, Chandan Kumar Sarkar, Debajyoti Basu Shadab, Mohammad Afzal Schwieterman, Edward W. Sedler, Melissa Texeira, Katie Vazan, Allona Delgado Vega, Karen N. Vijayakumar, Rohit Wojack, Jonathan T. Astronomy Department University of Washington Box 315180 SeattleWA98195 United States Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CDMX Cto. Exterior S/N C.U. Coyoacán Ciudad de México04510 Mexico Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences Schmiedlstrasse 6 GrazA-8042 Austria Centre for Exoplanet Science School of Physics & Astronomy University of St Andrews North Haugh St AndrewsKY169SS United Kingdom Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science 5241 Broad Branch Rd WashingtonDC20015 United States Department of Astronomy University of Wisconsin–Madison 475 N. Charter Street MadisonWI53706 United States Universität Heidelberg Albert-Ueberle-Str. Heidelberg2 69120 Germany Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai200240 China Steward Observatory Department of Astronomy The University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Physical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research West Bengal Kolkata741246 India Department of Physics University of Arkansas 825 W. Dickson St. FayettevilleAR72701 United States Independent Researcher New Delhi110027 India INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Via Osservatorio 20 TO Pino TorineseI-10025 Italy NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory GreenbeltMD20771 United States School of Earth and Ocean Sciences University of Victoria VictoriaBC Canada AIM CEA CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Université de Paris Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France Paris Region Fellow Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action France Department of Astronomy University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Space Earth & Environment Cha

We present numerous aspects of the evolution of the LP 890-9 (SPECULOOS-2/TOI-4306) planetary system, focusing on the likelihood that planet c can support life. We find that the host star reaches the main sequence in 1 Gyr and that planet c lies close to the inner boundary of the habitable zone. We find the magma ocean stage can last up to 50 Myr, remove 8 Earth-oceans of water, and leave up to 2000 bars of oxygen in the atmosphere. However, if the planet forms with a hydrogen envelope as small as 0.1 Earth-masses, no water will be lost during the star’s pre-main sequence phase from thermal escape processes. We find that the planets are unlikely to be in a 3:1 mean motion resonance and that both planets tidally circularize within 0.5 Gyr when tidal dissipation is held constant. However, if tidal dissipation is a function of mantle temperature and rheology, then we find that planet c’s orbit may require more than 7 Gyr to circularize, during which time tidal heating may reach hundreds of terawatts. We thus conclude that the habitability of planet c depends most strongly on the initial volatile content and internal properties, but no data yet preclude the viability of an active biosphere on the planet. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stars

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Erratum to "Willingness among food consumers to recycle human urine as crop fertiliser: Evidence from a multinational survey" [Sci. Total Environ. 765 (2021), 144438]

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The Science of the total environment 2021年 790卷 148318页

作者： Prithvi Simha Melissa A Barton Luis Fernando Perez-Mercado Jennifer R McConville Cecilia Lalander Maria Elisa Magri Shanta Dutta Humayun Kabir Albert Selvakumar Xiaoqin Zhou Tristan Martin Thanasis Kizos Rupam Kataki Yoram Gerchman Ronit Herscu-Kluska Dheaya Alrousan Eng Giap Goh Daniela Elenciuc Aleksandra Głowacka Laura Korculanin Rongyu Veneta Tzeng Saikat Sinha Ray Charles Niwagaba Christine Prouty James R Mihelcic Björn Vinnerås Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Energy and Technology Box 7032 SE-750 07 Uppsala Sweden. Electronic address: Prithvi.Simha@slu.se. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Energy and Technology Box 7032 SE-750 07 Uppsala Sweden. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Energy and Technology Box 7032 SE-750 07 Uppsala Sweden Center for Water and Environmental Sanitation (Centro de Aguas y Saneamiento Ambiental CASA) Universidad Mayor de San Simon Calle Sucre y Parque Latorre Cochabamba Bolivia. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering Florianópolis Brazil. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong China. Department of Agricultural Economics Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202 Bangladesh. College of Engineering and Technology Samara University Ethiopia. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China. Université Paris-Saclay INRAE AgroParisTech UMR ECOSYS Avenue Lucien Bretignières 78850 Thiverval-Grignon France. Department of Geography University of the Aegean GR-81100 Mytilene Greece. Department of Energy Tezpur University Tezpur India. Department of Biology and Environment Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Haifa Oranim Tivon 36006 Israel Oranim College Kiryat Tivon 36006 Israel. Department of Water Management and Environment Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment The Hashemite University P.O. Box 150459 Zarqa 13115 Jordan. Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 21030 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu Malaysia. University of Academy of Sciences of Moldova Chișinău Moldavia. University of Life Sciences in Lublin Faculty of Agrobioengineering 15 Akademicka Str

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Characteristics of coastal currents based on High Frequency radar and ADCP observations in the Strait of Georgia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第5期189卷

作者： Lei Ren Manman Wang Huayang Cai Zhan Hu Qingshu Yang Michael Hartnett School of Marine Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen University China Ocean Networks Canada Canada School of Marine Science Sun Yat-sen University China College of Engineering and Informatics National University of Ireland Galway Ireland

A good understanding of the water body movement in Strait of Georgia is of great importance and significance for a variety of economic and environmental applications. Circulation of surface currents in this region is influenced by a variety of factors such as tide, wind and river discharge. Hourly maps of surface currents are obtained through combining the radial currents from more than two stations. In order to explore performance of High Frequency (HF) CODAR radar system, currents observed by HF radars were compared with ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profile) measurements. Results indicated that surface current data from HF radars generally had similar trend as the ADCP data.

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Participant Grouping for Privacy Preservation in Mobile Crowdsensing over Hierarchical Edge Clouds

Participant Grouping for Privacy Preservation in Mobile Crow...

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IEEE International Performance Computing and Communications Conference

作者： Ting Li Zhijin Qiu Lijuan Cao Hanshang Li Zhongwen Guo Fan Li Xinghua Shi Yu Wang College of Computing and Informatics University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte USA Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation Qilu University of Technology Qingdao Shandong China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao Shandong China School of Computer Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538668092;9781538668085

In mobile crowdsensing (MCS), to select the optimal set of participants for a particular sensing task, the cloud-based MCS platform requires mobile users to submit their bids and their sensing quality data. This can cause privacy breaches. One possible solution is to leverage secure sharing or bidding schemes to protect participants' personal information during selection. However, these schemes suffer from high overheads, poor scalability and more importantly, the group formation has never been studied. To address this issue and to enhance the protection of user privacy, we propose a set of novel privacy-preserving grouping methods, which place participants into small groups over hierarchical edge clouds. By doing this, not only can the participants be hidden in groups, but also the overall privacy-preserving participant selection becomes more scalable. The design goal to minimize the communication cost during secure sharing/bidding within groups, while satisfying each participant's requirement for privacy preservation. For different scenarios and optimization functions, we propose a set of grouping schemes to fulfill this goal. Extensive simulations over both synthetic and real-life datasets illustrate the efficiency of proposed mechanisms.

关键词： Privacy Servers Task analysis Sensors Delays Optimization Data privacy

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The Computational Model for Environment Quality Measurement

The Computational Model for Environment Quality Measurement

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Computing Conference

作者： Jamaiah H. Yahaya Aziz Deraman Abdul Razak Hamdan Noor Zaitun Yahaya Izhar Abadi Ibrahim Rais Mohamed Shahrir M. Zahari Faculty of Information Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia School of Informatics and Applied Mathematics Universiti Malaysia Terengganu School of Ocean Engineering Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Mineral Research Centre Department of Mineral and Geoscience School of Foundation and Liberal Education Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

ISBN: (纸本)9781509054442

The development of quarry management and monitoring system with systematic modelling and architecture is a valuable and attentive solution to assure the management of dynamic environmental data object to be more reachable and expandable to various domains. The simplified but comprehensive dataset is applicable for excellent and expanded analysis as require by the domain experts for better decision making. This research attempts to establish the modelling of environmental quarry components which are particles, vibration and noise (PVN) and the relationship and connectivity into another form of environmental digital objects (EDOs). This research aims to develop an exclusive quarry management and monitoring system (EQMMS) that utilized a new integrated environmental digital object model (iEDO). This model allows sharing and manipulating information with a knowledge discovery through related objects in the environment to produce new integrated EDOs. During site visit, observations and discussions with experts have discovered that environment data is confined to the local format and requirements. This study involves three main quarry components and formula representation which are applied in the computational model for environment quality measurements in Malaysia quarry industry and can used in future related research.

关键词： Environmental Digital Object Computational Model Environment Quality Measurement

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The OUC-vision large-scale underwater image database

The OUC-vision large-scale underwater image database

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Muwei Jian Qiang Qi Junyu Dong Yinlong Yin Wenyin Zhang Kin-Man Lam School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong University of Finance and Economics China Department of Computer Science and Technology Ocean University of China Qingdao China School of Informatics Linyi University Linyi China Department of Electronic and Information Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781509060689

In this paper, a large-scale underwater image database for underwater salient object detection or saliency detection is presented in detail. This database is called the OUC-VISION underwater image database, which contains 4400 underwater images of 220 individual objects. Each object is captured with four pose variations (the frontal-, the opposite-, the left-, and the right-views of each underwater object) and five spatial locations (the underwater object is located at the top-left corner, the top-right corner, the center, the bottom-left corner, and the bottom-right corner) to obtain 20 images. Meanwhile, this publicly available OUC-VISION database also provides relevant industrial fields, and academic researchers with underwater images under different sources of variations, especially pose, spatial location, illumination, turbidity of water, etc. Ground-truth information is also manually labelled for this database. The OUC-VISION database can not only be widely used to assess and evaluate the performance of the state-of-the-art salient-object detection and saliency-detection algorithms for general images, but also will particularly benefit the development of underwater vision technology in the future.

关键词： Lighting Cameras Image databases Light emitting diodes Computational modeling Spatial databases

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An algorithm of calculating turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate based on motion compensation

An algorithm of calculating turbulence kinetic energy dissip...

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International Conference on Information Science and technology (ICIST)

作者： Yongfang Wang Jianlong Qiu Tongxing Li Xin Luan Dalei Song School of Informatics Linyi University School of Science Linyi University College of Information Science and Technology Ocean University of China College of Engineering Ocean University of China

In order to maximum eliminate the pollution caused by vibration of the instrument and improve the accuracy of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, this paper puts forward an algorithm based on motion compensation. Firstly, spectrum analysis is used to analyze the relationship between shear signal and the acceleration signal. Then, according to the relationship, the acceleration signal takes as reference signal to design motion compensation algorithm. Finally, wiener filtering is used to get the optimum parameter to eliminate instrument vibration interference. In order to verify the validity of the algorithm, real sea data is applied, and the results show that the vibration signal is effectively eliminated, which provides real and effective turbulence signal to calculate the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate.

关键词： Gold Instruction sets Kinetic theory

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A cooperative spectrum sensing method for sensing under noise uncertainty and interference 7

A cooperative spectrum sensing method for sensing under nois...

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2014 7th International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications, ATC 2014

作者： Song, Chunyi Zhou, Ming-Tuo Lin, Pin-Hsun Harada, Hiroshi Dinh, Chi Hieu Institute of Marine Information Science and Engineering Ocean College Zhejiang University China National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Singapore Representative Office Singapore Singapore Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Japan Authority of Radio Frequency Management Viet Nam

ISBN: (纸本)9781479969555

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) achieves spatial diversity and is used to combat shadowing and fading in sensing. In reality, spectrum sensing in TV band may also face challenges caused by interference from secondary users (SU). Unfortunately, this issue has not yet been sufficiently discussed. In this work, we propose a CSS to mitigate impact of SU interference and maintain robust sensing. After discussing the reality that spectrum sensing in TV band could suffer SU interference, we describe a sensing scenario that truly exists. Under the scenario, sensing is conducted by IEEE 802.22 standard compliant devices for detecting TV signal in an area with some other heterogeneous SU networks, such as IEEE 802.11af network, operating in nearby. The proposed CSS is conducted by selected sensors and detects instant power change between two consecutive sensing durations. Computer simulation is conducted to verify novelty of the proposed CSS in mitigating impact of noise uncertainty and SU interference. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： IEEE Standards

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