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Photonics Research 2025年第04期 995-1009页

作者： YONGXI ZENG YANZHONG YU JIAN CHEN HOUAN TENG MUSHENG CHEN PINGHUI WU QIWEN ZHAN College of Physics and Information Engineering Quanzhou Normal University School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Micro-nano Photonics Technology and Devices & Key Laboratory of Information Functional Material for Fujian Higher Education

Optical skyrmions, as quasiparticles with non-trivial topological structures, have garnered significant attention in recent years. This paper proposes a method for customized spin angular momentum (SAM) distribution in highly localized focal fields, thereby enabling the generation of SAM skyrmion and bimeron topologies. The skyrmionic SAM textures can be flexibly controlled, such as polarity, vorticity, and helicity. In addition, the two-dimensional projection plane can be arbitrarily oriented within three-dimensional space.

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Classification System Based on Data Mining Technique for Flat-Colored Textiles

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SSRN

SSRN 2025年

作者： Zhou, Min Lin, Yukai Hu, Wei Dai, Chai Tang, Guangfa He, Fei School of Information and Intelligent Engineering Guangzhou xinhua University Dongguan China School of Intelligent Control Hunan Railway Professional Technology College Zhuzhou China College of Electrical and Electrical Engineering Hunan University Changsha China Dept. of Pingdingshan Branch of China Mobile Communication Group Henan co. LTD Henan Pingdingshan China Dept.of Physics Electrical and Intelligent Manufacturing Huaihua University Changsha China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China

Manual visual inspection for defect detection in manufacturing can lead to high false positive rates. This paper compares data mining techniques for the binary classification of defects in flat products in a relatively open scenario. The background provides context on research into data mining-based detection. The methodology is divided into five sections: data collection, selection, preprocessing and transformation, classification, and model evaluation. Each section details the techniques applied, tailored to the application context, with specifying examples. Experiments apply real-world data sets self-collected from production lines. Statistics like prediction accuracy are generated by established data mining evaluation algorithms. Results indicate the efficacy of data mining for automated defect detection over manual approaches. Finally, conclusions summarize findings and discuss the limitations of the current research and planned future work to address the drawbacks. Overall, the formalized methodology and supportive experimental results demonstrate both the viability and potential areas of improvement for data mining in manufacturing quality control. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data accuracy

The physics of Life: Exploring Information as a Distinctive Feature of Living Systems

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Bartlett, Stuart Eckford, Andrew W. Egbert, Matthew Lingam, Manasvi Kolchinsky, Artemy Frank, Adam Ghoshal, Gourab Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science York University TorontoON Canada School of Computer Science University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Department of Aerospace Physics and Space Sciences Florida Institute of Technology MelbourneFL United States Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Florida Institute of Technology MelbourneFL United States Department of Mathematics and Systems Engineering Florida Institute of Technology MelbourneFL United States Department of Physics The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States ICREA-Complex Systems Lab Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain Universal Biology Institute The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku 7-3-1 Hongo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester RochesterNY United States Department of Computer Science University of Rochester RochesterNY United States

This paper explores the idea that information is an essential and distinctive feature of living systems. Unlike non-living systems, living systems actively acquire, process, and use information about their environments to respond to changing conditions, sustain themselves, and achieve other intrinsic goals. We discuss relevant theoretical frameworks such as "semantic information" and "fitness value of information". We also highlight the broader implications of our perspective for fields such as origins-of-life research and astrobiology. In particular, we touch on the transition to information-driven systems as a key step in abiogenesis, informational constraints as determinants of planetary habitability, and informational biosignatures for detecting life beyond Earth. We briefly discuss experimental platforms which offer opportunities to investigate these theoretical concepts in controlled environments. By integrating theoretical and experimental approaches, this perspective advances our understanding of life's informational dynamics and its universal principles across diverse scientific domains. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Biotic

Study of Ds1(2460)+→Ds+π+π- in B→D‾(*)Ds+π+π- decays

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science Bulletin 2025年第9期70卷 1432-1444页

作者： Aaij, R. Abdelmotteleb, A.S.W. Beteta, C.Abellan Abudinén, F. Ackernley, T. Adefisoye, A.A. Adeva, B. Adinolfi, M. Adlarson, P. Agapopoulou, C. Aidala, C.A. Ajaltouni, Z. Akar, S. Akiba, K. Albicocco, P. Albrecht, J. Alessio, F. Alexander, M. Aliouche, Z. Cartelle, P.Alvarez Amalric, R. Amato, S. Amey, J.L. Amhis, Y. An, L. Anderlini, L. Andersson, M. Andreianov, A. Andreola, P. Andreotti, M. Andreou, D. Anelli, A. Ao, D. Archilli, F. Argenton, M. Cuendis, S.Arguedas Artamonov, A. Artuso, M. Aslanides, E. Da Silva, R.Ataíde Atzeni, M. Audurier, B. Bacher, D. Perea, I.Bachiller Bachmann, S. Bachmayer, M. Back, J.J. Rodriguez, P.Baladron Balagura, V. Balboni, A. Baldini, W. Balzani, L. Bao, H. de Souza Leite, J.Baptista Pretel, C.Barbero Barbetti, M. Barbosa, I.R. Barlow, R.J. Barnyakov, M. Barsuk, S. Barter, W. Bartolini, M. Bartz, J. Basels, J.M. Bashir, S. Bassi, G. Batsukh, B. Battista, P.B. Bay, A. Beck, A. Becker, M. Bedeschi, F. Bediaga, I.B. Behling, N.B. Belin, S. Belous, K. Belov, I. Belyaev, I. Benane, G. Bencivenni, G. Ben-Haim, E. Berezhnoy, A. Bernet, R. Andres, *** Bertolin, A. Betancourt, C. Betti, F. Bex, J. Bezshyiko, Ia. Bhom, J. Bieker, M.S. Biesuz, N.V. Billoir, P. Biolchini, A. Birch, M. Bishop, F.C.R. Bitadze, A. Bizzeti, A. Blake, T. Blanc, F. Blank, J.E. Blusk, S. Bocharnikov, V. Boelhauve, J.A. Garcia, O.Boente Boettcher, T. Bohare, A. Boldyrev, A. Bolognani, C.S. School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Melbourne Australia Rio de Janeiro Brazil Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China Beijing China School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Particle Physics Central China Normal University Hubei Wuhan China San Jose Costa Rica Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS AnnecyIN2P3-LAPP France Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC Clermont-Ferrand France Gif-Sur-Yvette France Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France Université Paris-Saclay CNRS/IN2P3 IJCLab Orsay France Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet CNRS/IN2P3 Ecole Polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau France LPNHE Sorbonne Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 Paris France I. Physikalisches Institut RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Universität Bonn-Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik Bonn Germany Technische Universität Dortmund Fakultät Physik Dortmund Germany Physikalisches Institut Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Freiburg Germany Heidelberg Germany Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Physikalisches Institut Heidelberg Germany School of Physics University College Dublin Dublin Iceland INFN Sezione di Bari Bari Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna Bologna Italy INFN Sezione di Ferrara Ferrara Italy INFN Sezione di Firenze Firenze Italy INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Frascati Italy INFN Sezione di Genova Genova Italy INFN Sezione di Milano Milano Italy INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca Milano Italy INFN Sezione di Cagliari Monserrato Italy INFN Sezione di Padova Padova Italy INFN Sezione di Perugia Perugia Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa Pisa Italy INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata Roma Italy Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physi

An amplitude analysis of the Ds1(2460)+→Ds+π+π- transition is performed simultaneously in B0→D-Ds+π+π-, B+→D‾0Ds+π+π-, and B0→D*-Ds+π+π- decays. The study is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions recorded with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of s=7,8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9fb-1. A clear double-peak structure is observed in the m(π+π-) spectrum of the Ds1(2460)+→Ds+π+π- decay. The data can be described either with a model including f0500,f0980, and f2(1270) resonances, in which the contributions of f0(980) and f2(1270) are unexpectedly large, or with a model including f0(500), a doubly charged open-charm tetraquark state Tcs¯++ and its isospin partner Tcs¯0. If the former is considered implausible, the Tcs¯ states are observed with high significance, and the data are consistent with isospin symmetry. When imposing isospin constraints between the two Tcs¯ states, their mass and width are determined to be (2327±13±13) MeV and (96±16-23+170) MeV, respectively, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The mass is slightly below the DK threshold, and a spin-parity of 0+ is favoured with high significance. © 2025 science China Press

关键词： Colliding beam accelerators

Relaxation effects in the photoionization time delay near the 3s Cooper minimum of Ar

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Physical Review A 2025年第5期111卷 052805-052805页

作者： A. Ganesan S. Banerjee S. Baral J. Jose P. C. Deshmukh S. T. Manson Department of Physics J.B.A.S College for Women Chennai Tamil Nadu India Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL) Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr. 85 22607 Hamburg Germany Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihta Bihar 801103 India Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology NASA/GSFC Greenbelt Maryland 20771 USA Center for Atomic Molecular and Optical Sciences and Technologies (CAMOST) Joint Initiative of IIT Tirupati and IISER Tirupati Tirupati Andhra Pradesh India School of Computer Science and Engineering RV University Bengaluru India Department of Physics and Astronomy Georgia State University Atlanta Georgia 30303 USA

The discrepancy in the attosecond time delay between theory and experiment near the 3s Cooper minimum (CM) of Ar is addressed. It is found that inclusion of the relaxation effects in the time delay difference between Ar 3s and 3p photoionization near the 3s CM dramatically alters the 3s time delay and brings the theory into substantial agreement with experiment using the relativistic-random-phase approximation with relaxation. The key point is that 3s photoionization is dominated by interchannel coupling in this region and the interchannel coupling matrix elements were found to be considerably altered by the inclusion of relaxation. This implies that relaxation should be important for any atomic or molecular transition that is dominated by interchannel coupling.

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Defect engineering in β-Ga2O3: Hybrid functional study on the formation and stability of copper substitutional and complex defects

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Materials Chemistry and physics 2025年 343卷

作者： Nguyen, Duy Khanh Nhan, Duong Trong Dam, Dang Phuc Vo, Khuong Dien Huy, Huynh Anh Tien, Nguyen Thanh Ho, Quoc Duy Laboratory for Computational Physics Institute for Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Faculty of Mechanical - Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Technology Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam College of Natural Sciences School of Education Can Tho University Can Tho City Viet Nam FPT University Can Tho Campus Can Tho Viet Nam Faculty of Physics School of Education Can Tho University Can Tho City Viet Nam Department of Mathematics and Physics Universitetet i Stavanger Stavanger Norway

The formation of single substitutional copper (Cu) at the gallium (Ga) site and Cu complex defects in monoclinic gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3) has been studied using an optimized hybrid functional approach. Our calculations show that substitutional Cu is more favorable at the octahedral Ga (CuGa2) site compared to the tetrahedral Ga (CuGa1) site. Furthermore, substitutional of Cu at gallium site (CuGa) tends to form complex defects with oxygen vacancies (CuGa-VO) when both defects are present in the sample. The relative concentrations of single substitutional CuGa and CuGa-VO complexes in β-Ga2O3 depend significantly on the crystal growth conditions. This study highlights the favorability of the CuGa2 complex defect with oxygen 1 vacancy (VO1) over other possible CuGa-VO configurations. Based on our results, we assign the CuGa2 in the −1 charge state and CuGa2+VO1 in the +1 charge state to the Cu2+(A) and Cu2+(B) defect centers, respectively. Importantly, the study demonstrates that oxygen vacancies not only compensate acceptor dopants but also can form complex defects with Cu, acting as donor defects. These findings underscore the importance of carefully controlling oxygen vacancies and crystal growth methods when doping β-Ga2O3 with metals to achieve p-type conductivity, which is essential for optoelectronic applications. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Gallium compounds

Efficient spin-orbit torque driven magnetization switching of GdFe using phosphorus-implanted platinum layers

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Shintaku, Kazuki Mathew, Arun Jacob Iwamoto, Akihisa Mohammadi, Mojtaba Awano, Hiroyuki Asada, Hironori Fukuma, Yasuhiro Department of Physics and Information Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka820-8502 Japan Memory Engineering Laboratory Toyota Technological Institute Nagoya468-8511 Japan Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Ube755-8611 Japan Research Center for Neuromorphic AI hardware Kyushu Institute of Technology Kitakyushu808-0196 Japan

The capability of the spin-orbit torque (SOT) generated via phenomena such as the spin Hall effect in heavy metals, in switching the magnetization of an adjacent magnetic material, has been studied extensively over the last decade. The efficiency of SOT generation is commonly quantified in terms of the spin Hall angle θSH. In this work, we demonstrate experimentally that implanting platinum (Pt) with phosphorus (P), resulting in Pt (P) d, where d denotes the implantation dose, increases θSH by a factor of 7, from 0.06 (d = 0) to 0.43 (d = 10 × 1016 ions/cm2). The enhanced θSH along with factors such as perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and resistivity, lead to reduction of the critical current density for switching the perpendicular magnetization of ferrimagnetic rare earth-transition metal alloy Gd26Fe74, by a factor of nearly 27, from 4.0 × 1011 A/m2 (d = 0) to 1.5 × 1010 A/m2 (d = 10 × 1016 ions/cm2). Further, the switching current density at zero thermal fluctuations and thermal stability factor were evaluated and found to be 2.0 × 1010 A/m2 and 61.4 (d = 10 × 1016 ions/cm2), with the latter being sufficiently above the required threshold for commercial memory applications. Our results suggest that Pt (P) could be a strong candidate in realizing efficient SOT driven magnetization switching leading to the development of improved memory and logic devices in the future. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Iron alloys

Glioma Multimodal MRI Analysis System for Tumor Layered Diagnosis via Multi-task Semi-supervised Learning

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Yihao Cui, Zhihao Li, Liming You, Junjie Feng, Xinle Wang, Jianxin Wang, Xiangyu Liu, Qing Wu, Minghua Cancer Research Institute Central South University Changsha410083 China School of Physics & Electronic Science Changsha University of Science & Technology Hunan Changsha410114 China IFLYTEK Research Hefei Anhui230088 China School of Life Sciences Central South University Changsha410083 China Department of Radiology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan Changsha410008 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha410083 China Department of Neurosurgery Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan Changsha410008 China

Gliomas are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system. Multimodal MRI is widely used for the preliminary screening of gliomas and plays a crucial role in auxiliary diagnosis, therapeutic efficacy, and prognostic evaluation. Currently, the computer-aided diagnostic studies of gliomas using MRI have focused on independent analysis events such as tumor segmentation, grading, and radiogenomic classification, without studying inter-dependencies among these events. In this study, we propose a Glioma Multimodal MRI Analysis System (GMMAS) that utilizes a deep learning network for processing multiple events simultaneously, leveraging their inter-dependencies through an uncertainty-based multitask learning architecture and synchronously outputting tumor region segmentation, glioma histological subtype, IDH mutation genotype, and 1p/19q chromosome disorder status. Compared with the reported single-task analysis models, GMMAS improves the precision across tumor layered diagnostic tasks. Additionally, we have employed a two-stage semi-supervised learning method, enhancing model performance by fully exploiting both labeled and unlabeled MRI samples. Further, by utilizing an adaptation module based on knowledge self-distillation and contrastive learning for cross-modal feature extraction, GMMAS exhibited robustness in situations of modality absence and revealed the differing significance of each MRI modal. Finally, based on the analysis outputs of the GMMAS, we created a visual and user-friendly platform for doctors and patients, introducing GMMAS-GPT to generate personalized prognosis evaluations and suggestions. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multi-task learning

Period-Doubled Bloch States in a Bose–Einstein Condensate

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Chinese physics Letters 2018年第7期35卷 6-10页

作者：杨保国唐鹏举郭新新陈徐宗吴飙周小计 School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University International Center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University

We study systematically the period-doubled Bloch states for a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional optical lattice. This kind of state is of form ψk = e（ikx）φk（x）, where φk（x） is of a period twice the optical lattice constant. Our numerical results show how these nonlinear period-doubled states grow out of linear period-doubled states at a quarter away from the Brillouin zone center as the repulsive interatomic interaction increases. This is corroborated by our analytical results. We find that all nonlinear period-doubled Bloch states have both Landau instability and dynamical instability.

关键词： Optical lattices

Automated Retinal Layer and Fluid Segmentation and Cross-sectional Analysis using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Images for Diabetic Retinopathy

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chen, Shuo Ma, Da Raviselvan, Munispriyan Sundaramoorthy, Sathishkumar Popuri, Karteek Ju, Meyong Jin Sarunic, Marinko V. Ratra, Dhanashree Beg, Mirza Faisal School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser University BurnabyBC Canada School of Medicine Wake Forest University Winston-SalemNC United States Sankara Nethralaya Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences The University of British Columbia VancouverBC Canada Institute of Ophthalmology University College London London United Kingdom Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London London United Kingdom Memorial University of New Foundland Department of Computer Science St. Johns Canada

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a leading microvascular complication of diabetes and a significant cause of vision loss. Without timely intervention, it can lead to irreversible blindness. Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography enables high-resolution imaging of retinal structures, aiding in the early detection of pathological changes. AI-driven segmentation enhances diagnostic precision and reduces clinician workload. This study aims to develop a deep learning-based pipeline for automated retinal segmentation and thickness analysis to improve DR assessment and monitoring. Methods: A deep neural network was trained for automated segmentation of ten retinal layers, intra-retinal fluid, and hyperreflective foci. Initial manual annotations from five SD-OCT volumes were used to train the model, with iterative refinements improving accuracy. Performance was evaluated using five-fold cross-validation across four DNN architectures. Retinal thickness was measured via the K-nearest neighbours algorithm, and Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study maps visualized spatial variations. Statistical comparisons were made between Non-Proliferative and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. The correlation between layer thickness and visual acuity within each DR group is also evaluated. Results: SwinUNETR achieved the highest segmentation accuracy, with a Dice Similarity Coefficient of 0.7719 and a Normalized Surface Dice of 0.8149. VM-Unet showed superior DSC performance in specific layers (Vitreous, RNFL, GCL+IPL, ONL+IS), while SwinUNETR excelled in EZ, OS, RPE, and HRF regions. The predicted segmentation can be used to produce comparable thickness measurements with ground truth. PDR patients exhibited increased layer thickness in the SO sector of OPL, plus fluid and HRF accumulation in the SO and TO sectors, respectively. Whereas NPDR showed greater thickness in multiple sectors of ONL+IS. Several sectors of ONL+IS, EZ, OS and RPE show a positive correlation between la

关键词： Deep neural networks