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11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023

作者： Wang, Xinbiao Liu, Junyu Liu, Tongliang Luo, Yong Du, Yuxuan Tao, Dacheng Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Computer Science Wuhan University China Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago United States JD Explore Academy Chicago Quantum Exchange United States Kadanoff Center for Theoretical Physics United States qBraid Co. Sydney AI Centre The University of Sydney Australia National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering Wuhan University China Hubei Luojia Laboratory Wuhan China

Many fundamental properties of a quantum system are captured by its Hamiltonian and ground state. Despite the significance, ground states preparation (GSP) is classically intractable for most large-scale Hamiltonians. Quantum neural networks (QNNs), which exert the power of modern quantum machines, have emerged as a leading protocol to conquer this issue. As such, the performance enhancement of QNNs becomes the core in GSP. Empirical evidence showed that QNNs with handcraft symmetric ansätze generally experience better trainability than those with asymmetric ansätze, while theoretical explanations remain vague. To fill this knowledge gap, here we propose the effective quantum neural tangent kernel (EQNTK) and connect this concept with over-parameterization theory to quantify the convergence of QNNs towards the global optima. We uncover that the advance of symmetric ansätze attributes to their large EQNTK value with low effective dimension, which requests few parameters and quantum circuit depth to reach the over-parameterization regime permitting a benign loss landscape and fast convergence. Guided by EQNTK, we further devise a symmetric pruning (SP) scheme to automatically tailor a symmetric ansatz from an over-parameterized and asymmetric one to greatly improve the performance of QNNs when the explicit symmetry information of Hamiltonian is unavailable. Extensive numerical simulations are conducted to validate the analytical results of EQNTK and the effectiveness of SP. © 2023 11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hamiltonians

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ETDA a tool for the development of e-tongues

ETDA a tool for the development of e-tongues

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International Young Engineers Forum (YEF-ECE)

作者： Tiago Reis M. Helena Fino Maria Raposo Department of Electrotechnical and Computer Engineering Nova School of Science and Technology Caparica Portugal Department of Physics Laboratory of Instrumentation Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL) Nova School of Science and Technology Caparica Portugal

This paper presents the Electronic Tongues Data Analytics (ETDA) tool for automatically extracting the relevant features from data obtained from an electronic tongue (e-tongue) system based on impedance spectroscopy measurements. The tool was implemented in Python and was created to assist with the development of e-tongues. This tool helps to quickly visualize the data from the experiments and can automatically create and calibrate the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) to fit the concentrations of a determined molecule present in the complex media.

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Design and Fabrication of a Cost-Effective 3D-Printed Cylindrical Luneburg Lens 10

Design and Fabrication of a Cost-Effective 3D-Printed Cylind...

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10th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication, ICSC 2025

作者： Okramcha, Maxon Zuobin, Wang Arya, Ravi Kumar Fan, Yida Rajput, Anant Dong, Junwei Kong, Shiyuan Mittra, Raj School of Physics Changchun University of Science and Technology Changchun130022 China Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology Xiangshan Laboratory Guangdong Zhongshan528400 China Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology Guangdong Zhongshan528400 China School of Optoelectronic Engineering Changchun University of Science and Technology Jilin Changchun China School of Engineering Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi India University of Central Florida Department of Electrical & Computer Science OrlandoFL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331511890

A cylindrical Luneburg lens with a gradient-index (GRIN) profile focuses electromagnetic waves by gradually reducing the refractive index (RI) from center to edge. However, conventional designs face challenges such as complex fabrication, material limitations, narrow bandwidth, and high costs. This study introduces a 3D-printed Luneburg lens with saw-tooth structures that achieve a smooth RI gradient through unit cells with cuboidal and cylindrical air voids, precisely tuning permittivity. With a diameter of 95.9 mm, a height of 30 mm, and operation in the X-band, the lens achieves a simulated gain of 14.07 dBi. In contrast, measured gains for cuboidal and cylindrical designs are 11.91 dBi and 12.85 dBi, respectively. This method offers a low-cost, high-performance alternative for GRIN lenses. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Camera lenses

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Design of a Dual-Polarized High-Gain Yagi Antenna Array for 2G/3G/LTE Base Stations 6

Design of a Dual-Polarized High-Gain Yagi Antenna Array for ...

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6th IEEE International Conference on Electronic Information and Communication Technology, ICEICT 2023

作者： Rao, Liwei Feng, Botao Ding, Xiao Sun, Sanshan Gu, Wenzhe Zeng, Qingsheng College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Macau University of Science and Technology Faculty of Humanities and Arts 999078 China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan Normal University Sichuan China School of Computer Science and Engineering Huizhou University Huizhou China College of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing210016 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350399059

The present paper introduces a novel Yagi antenna array consisting of dual-polarized dipoles. The antenna consists of a pair of dipoles and two orthogonally mounted Yagi antennas with dielectric plates. To ensure that the antenna performance is consistent in both polarization directions, a symmetrical structure is adopted. Simulated results show a wide working frequency band ranging from 1.7 to 2.8 GHz(48.9%) with a high gain of 15±3 dBi, and the 30°-horizontal and vertical beam widths. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Antenna arrays

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Enhancing Intrusion Detection Systems Using Ensemble Machine Learning Techniques

Enhancing Intrusion Detection Systems Using Ensemble Machine...

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IEEE International Conference on Emerging & Sustainable Technologies for Power & ICT in a Developing Society (NIGERCON)

作者： Isaac Adedoyin Oyebade Isaac Oluwafemi Elesemoyo Mercy Oka Ebute Abidemi Emmanuel Adeniyi Joseph Bamidele Awotunde Akpan Caleb Solomon Agbotiname Lucky Imoize Kehinde Amudat Odulana Department of Computer Science Bowen University Iwo Nigeria Department of Computer Engineering Elizade University Ilara-Mokin Nigeria Department of Accounting Anderson School of Management University of New Mexico USA Department of Computer Science University of Ilorin Ilorin Nigeria Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering University of Lagos Akoka Lagos Nigeria School of Physics Engineering and Computer Science (Data Science and Analytics) University of Hertfordshire

ISBN: (数字)9798331542559

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542566

Intrusion detection systems are an essential part of the current cybersecurity environment, and IDS devices are intended to scan the activity of the network and systems to identify possible improper actions or violations. IDSs work in analyzing the traffic of networks and the traffic of networks and the behavior of systems, distinguishing suspicious information and signs of violation of legal access. This capability is critical for protecting information systems’ characteristics, such as integrity, confidentiality, and availability. Useful data was collected from Kaggle data archives, and several base models such as K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and Decision Tree classifier will be used. Their predictions are combined using a Voting Classifier. The models are trained and evaluated based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score. Results show that the Voting classifier achieved an accuracy of 99.78%, with a precision of 99.67% and recall of 99.92% for intrusion detection. The Logistic Regression and K-Nearest Neighbor models achieved accuracies of 95.37% and 99.52%, respectively, while having a precision of 94.93% and 99.51%, respectively. The Decision Tree and Random Forest models achieved accuracies of 99.76% and 99.86%, respectively, while having a precision of 99.75% and 99.83%, respectively. These findings suggest ensemble techniques significantly enhance intrusion detection, making networks safer.

关键词： Logistic regression Accuracy Sensitivity Intrusion detection Telecommunication traffic Nearest neighbor methods Classification algorithms Decision trees Object recognition Random forests

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Influence of structural defects on charge density waves in 1T-TaS_(2)

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Nano Research 2023年第8期16卷 11528-11539页

作者： Iaroslav Lutsyk Karol Szalowski Pawel Krukowski Pawel Dabrowski Maciej Rogala Witold Kozlowski Maxime Le Ster Michal Piskorski Dorota A.Kowalczyk Wojciech Rys Rafal Dunal Aleksandra Nadolska Klaudia Toczek Przemyslaw Przybysz Ewa Lacinska Johannes Binder Andrzej Wysmolek Natalia Olszowska Jacek J.Kolodziej Martin Gmitra Takuma Hattori Yuji Kuwahara Guang Bian Tai-Chang Chiang Pawel J.Kowalczyk Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics University of LodzPomorska 149/15390-236 LodzPoland Faculty of Physics University of WarsawPasteura 502-093 WarsawPoland Faculty of Physics Astronomyand Applied Computer ScienceJagiellonian UniversityLojasiewicza 1130-348 KrakowPoland National Synchrotron Radiation Centre SOLARIS Jagiellonian UniversityCzerwone Maki 9830-392 KrakówPoland Institute of Physics Faculty of SciencePavol JozefŠafárik University in KošicePark Angelinum 904001 KošiceSlovakia Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of SciencesWatsonova 4704001 KošiceSlovakia Department of Precision Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka University2-1 Yamada-okaSuita 565-0871Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy University of MissouriColumbiaMissouri 65211USA Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801-3080USA

The influence of intrinsic defects of 1T-TaS_(2)on charge density waves(CDWs)is studied using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy(STM,STS),angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy(ARPES),and density functional theory(DFT).We identify several types of structural defects and find that most have a local character limited to a single CDW site,with a single exception which effectively behaves as a dopant,leading to band-bending and affecting multiple neighboring *** only one type of defect can be observed by STM topographic imaging,all defects are easily resolved in STS *** results indicate modulation of the Mott band gap commensurate with the CDW and breaking of the three-fold symmetry of electronic *** calculations(with included Coulomb interactions)are used to investigate the electronic structure,focusing on both sulfur vacancy and oxygen-sulfur *** sulfur vacancy system,characterized with a metallic behavior,is identified as the origin of one of the experimentally observed ***,the effect of oxidation of 1T-TaS_(2)depends on the substitution site,leading to the heterogeneity of electronic properties.

关键词： structural charge sulfur

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Dimensionality Reduction of Dynamics on Lie Groups via Structure-Aware Canonical Correlation Analysis

Dimensionality Reduction of Dynamics on Lie Groups via Struc...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： Wooyoung Chung Daniel Polani Stas Tiomkin Charles W. Davidson College Of Engineering San Jose State University CA USA School of Physics Engineering and Computer Science University of Hertfordshire UK

ISBN: (数字)9798350382655

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382662

Incorporating prior knowledge into a data-driven modeling problem can drastically improve performance, relia-bility, and generalization outside of the training sample. The stronger the structural properties, the more effective these improvements become. Manifolds are a powerful nonlinear generalization of Euclidean space for modeling finite dimensions. When additionally assuming that the manifold carries (Lie) group structure, this imposes a drastically stricter global constraint. The range of their applications is very wide and includes the important case of robotic tasks. We apply this idea to Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). In traditional CCA one constructs a hierarchical sequence of maximal correlations of up to two paired data sets in Euclidean spaces. We here generalize the CCA concept to respect the structure of Lie groups and demonstrate its efficacy through the substantial improvements it achieves in making structure-consistent pre-dictions about changes in the state of a robotic hand.

关键词： Manifolds Training Dimensionality reduction Data-driven modeling Correlation Lie groups Task analysis

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Morphogenic Shape Grammars for the Design of engineering Structures

Morphogenic Shape Grammars for the Design of Engineering Str...

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Computational Intelligence on engineering/Cyber Physical Systems (CIES), IEEE Symposium on

作者： Simon Hickinbotham Edgar Buchanan Peter Kilpatrick Mark Price Andy M. Tyrrell School of Physics Engineering & Technology University of York York UK School of Electronics Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK

ISBN: (数字)9798331508272

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508289

Bodies of multicellular organisms are laid out according to morphogens: chemical agents which establish a coordinate system in the early embryo and use this to decide where body parts should grow. This process offers a mechanism for the automation of the design of engineering constructs via evolutionary search in a similar manner to the way biological evolution has driven the diversity of body forms of life on Earth. There are many ways of encoding such body plans, but the main existing approaches have problems around managing the complexity and stability of the evolutionary search process, particularly when applied to practical engineering design problems. This contribution takes the notion of morphogen chemical gradients and uses it to develop a novel grammar for shape formation. The central idea is to organise and label the spatial sub-regions of a design before making decisions regarding the finished arrangement of structure. This makes it much simpler to explore compositions of the hierarchy of sub-assemblies in a design, and to represent design of shape in an evolvable manner. A worked example of such a morphogenic shape grammar is described, and used in a multi-objective evolutionary search for optimal bridge truss structures over four fitness objectives with two design constraints. The resulting Pareto front shows a wide variety of bridge designs, demonstrating the power of this approach to generate a diverse set of viable options to meet engineering design challenges.

关键词： Bridges Shape Generative AI Evolution (biology) Evolutionary computation Search problems Organisms Grammar Structural engineering Chemicals

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Interactions of the second-order solitons with an external probe pulse in the optical event horizon

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Chinese Optics Letters 2022年第11期20卷 43-48页

作者： Jifang Rong Yiwu Ma Meng Xu Hua Yang College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

We demonstrate manipulating the interactions of a second-order soliton with a weak probe pulse under the condition of group velocity match and group velocity mismatch(GVMM).During these interactions,the second-order soliton acting as an effective periodic refractive-index barrier leads to the polychromatic scattering of the probe pulse,which is represented as unequally spaced narrow-band sources with adjustable spectral *** the case of GVMM,almost all the spectral components of the narrow-band sources meet the nonlinear frequency conversion relationship by using the wavenumbermatching relationship due to the robustness of the second-order soliton under moderate high-order-dispersion perturbations,so this case is more conducive to the study of the soliton *** addition,different transmission states of a soliton well are demonstrated under different probe pulse properties in the fiber-optical analog of the event *** the power of the probe pulse is strong enough,a dispersive wave can be generated from the collision of two fundamental solitons split from the two second-order *** interesting phenomena investigated in this work as a combination of white-and black-hole horizons can be considered as promising candidates for frequency conversion and broadband supercontinuum generation.

关键词： second-order soliton well probe wave optical event horizon.

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Covert Communication in RSMA-Assisted Ambient Backscatter Communication Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年

作者： Zhang, Zhuo Yang, Liang Lei, Hongjiang Li, Xingwang Niyato, Dusit Hunan University College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Changsha410082 China Hunan University College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering China Jishou University School of Communication and Electronic Engineering China Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Communications and Information Engineering The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology Chongqing400065 China Henan Polytechnic University School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Jiaozuo454003 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore639798 Singapore

In this paper, we investigate covert communication in rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA)-assisted ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) systems. Specifically, in the presence of illegitimate users, a base station applies RSMA to the downlink transmission of covert users and common users in the the primary system of ambient backscatter. To evaluate the covertness of the system, we derive closed-form expressions for the detection error probability (DEP), outage probability (OP), and covert rate (CR), where the DEP is applied to evaluate the ability of the warden to detect the presence or absence of communication behaviors between the base station and the covert user. Based on these expressions, we also conduct an asymptotic analysis of the outage probability, an upper bound analysis of the covert rate, and an analysis of the impact of the power allocation factor on system performance. Numerical results show that the RSMA scheme has a higher covert rate and a higher minimum DEP value compared to the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme, but it may reduce its outage performance. Additionally, an appropriate use of the power allocation factor can enhance the covertness of the system. Furthermore, we find that the co-channel interference between the primary and secondary systems in the ambient backscatter system can degrade the covert performance of the primary system. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Backscattering

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