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Research on the Mechanism of Electrical Erosion Accelerating Failure in High-Current Pulse Thyristor-Based Switches

IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability 2025年第2期25卷 263-273页

作者： Xiao, Shiyun Liu, Yi Li, Liuxia Lin, Fuchang Miao, Yunxin Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan430074 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology Wuhan430074 China

High-current pulse thyristor-based switches operate under high-current pulse conditions and are subjected to coupled electromagnetic-thermomechanical stresses, resulting in the progressive development of thermal fatigue-induced failure mechanisms. The study revealed that localized overheating triggers electrical erosion of the aluminum layer, which further accelerates the thermal fatigue failure of high-current switches. To investigate this phenomenon, a microscopic model of the silicon-aluminum interface incorporating surface roughness effects was developed to quantify the transient temperature rise and electrical erosion threshold under varying pulsed current conditions, with experimental validation demonstrating strong agreement. Furthermore, using a thermal network model, we established a correlation between the electrical erosion threshold and the average junction temperature for different high-current pulses and clamping stresses, thereby defining the operational range for electrical erosion in high-current pulse thyristor-based switches. This provides theoretical guidance for the reliable operation of these switches. © 2001-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Thermal fatigue

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Characterization of a Raman-based distributed fiber optical temperature sensor in liquid nitrogen

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Superconductivity 2022年第4期4卷 22-28页

作者： Yi Yue Guilun Chen Jiajie Long Li Ren Kao Zhou Xianhao Li Ying Xu Yuejin Tang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina

Distributed Temperature Sensor(DTS)based on Raman scattering have a promising application in temperature monitoring and quench detection of high‐temperature superconducting(HTS)fiber optic *** this paper,a series of mechanical property tests were carried out on fiber optical cables with different encapsulation materials to select the best material for the engineering *** was followed by loss testing of fiber optic cables with different outer diameters under liquid nitrogen(LN_(2))and the optimal outer diameter to meet measurement accuracy and engineering practicability was ***,the temperature measurement of fiber optic cables laid on HTS fiber optic cables were calibrated using thermocouple as a *** results of this research results provide a suitable fiber optic cable for engineering *** the same time,it provides a reference for the selection of optical cable structure parameters in HTS optical cable projects.

关键词： DTS HTS cable Mechanical property Optical loss

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Design and performance study of a dielectric-filled cavity beam current monitor for HUST-PTF

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第8期34卷 75-85页

作者： Ji-Qing Li Kuan-Jun Fan Zheng-Zheng Liu Jian Wang Qu-Shan Chen Jin-Feng Yang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University8-1 MihogaokaIbarakiOsaka 567-0047Japan

To guarantee the exact proton dose applied to patients and ensure treatment safety while disrupting and destroying tumor cells,it is essential to accurately monitor the proton beam current in real time during patient *** clinical treatment requires a proton beam current in the∼nA range,nondestructive beam current monitors(BCMs)are preferred to minimize the degradation of beam ***,this poses significant challenges in accurately monitoring such extremely low beam *** study proposes a cavity-type BCM equipped with a dielectric plate to reduce its dimensions and achieve sufficient measurement sensitivity for practical requirements.A prototype cavity BCM was fabricated,and off-line testing was performed using a metal wire to simulate the beam to study its *** the simulation and experi-mental results showed that the cavity BCM could measure ultralow proton beam currents with a resolution up to 0.03 nA.

关键词： Proton therapy Beam current Cavity BCM Nondestructive

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First spectroscopic study of HFRC plasma

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Plasma Science and technology 2024年第8期26卷 18-24页

作者：毛安程芝峰饶波杨菁珉张明 International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China

An advanced spectral diagnostic system was developed to measure the electron temperature(T_(e)),electron density(N_(e)),and ion temperature(T_(i))of the Huazhong University of Science and technology field-reversed configuration *** system consists of an optic fiber spectrometer with a wide spectral band and a 670 mm focal length high throughout Czerny-Turner monochromator equipped with both a 3600 g mm^(-1)grating and a 2400 g mm^(-1)grating to measure the line *** these components is an electronmultiplying charge-coupled device camera to capture spectral *** relative intensity of the optical fiber spectrometer was calibrated using a standard luminance source,and the wavelength calibration of the spectrometer was accomplished using a Hg/Ar *** diagnostic setup was configured to measure electron density based on the Stark effect of H_γ(n=5→n=2;434.04 nm).Doppler broadening of an OⅢ(2s^(2)2p(^(2)P^(0))3p→2s^(2)2p(^(2)P^(0))3s;375.988 nm)emission line was measured and analyzed to obtain the ion temperature,and electron temperatures were estimated from the relative strength of H_(β)(n=4→n=2;486.14 nm)(D_(β))and H_(γ)(D_(γ))spectral lines when the electron density was obtained from Stark effect *** initial experimental results indicate that the highest electron temperature of the formation region was approximately 8 eV,the electron density of the colliding-and-merging region was approaching 10^(20)m^(-3),and the ion temperature reached about 40 eV.

关键词： Stark effect Doppler effect ion temperature electron density electron temperature

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Spontaneous anchoring Cl intoα-Co(OH)_(2) as efficient and stable oxygen reduction electrocatalysts for seawater battery

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3074-3083页

作者： Wang Zheng Xue-Rong Zheng Qi Lu Yan-Hui Cao Yang Wang Hai-Peng Fu Jin-Feng Zhang Yi-Da Deng Wen-Bin Hu School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea School of Materials Science and EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Seawater battery is an advanced energy storage system that enables conversion of chemical energy to electricity by consuming metals,dissolved oxygen and seawater in anode,cathode and electrolyte,***,the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity and stability of electrocatalysts can be easily deactivated due to the severe Cl~-permeation and corrosion in seawater ***,we developed a structural buffer engineering strategy by spontaneously anchoring Cl~-intoα-Co(OH)_(2) as efficient and stable ORR electrocatalysts,in which the ultrathinα-Co(OH)_(2) nanosheets were synthesized using an ultrafast solution high-temperature shock(SHTS)*** large lattice space(~0.8 nm)of layeredα-Co(OH)_(2) ensured the spontaneously penetration of Cl~-into the lattice structure and replaced part of OH~-to formα-Co(OH)_(2-x)Cl_*** continuous leaching and compensating of saturated Cl inα-Co(OH)_(2-x)Cl_x could enhance the Cl~-corrosion resistance and modulate electronic structure of Co metallic sites,thus improving the ORR electrocatalytic activity and stability in seawater ***α-Co(OH)_(2-x)Cl_x seawater batteries display superior onset and half-wave potentials of 0.71 and 0.66 V,respectively,which are much better than the counterparts ofα-Co(OH)_(2) and ofβ-Co(OH)_(2) with no Cl~-penetrating and no buffer ***α-Co(OH)_(2-x)Cl_x-based seawater batteries display stable open-circuit potential of 1.69 V and outstanding specific capacity of 1345 mAh·g^(-1).

关键词： Seawater battery Oxygen reduction electrocatalyst Solution high-temperature shock Structural buffer engineering

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Tuning Solid Interfaces via Varying Electrolyte Distributions Enables High-Performance Solid-state Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第2期6卷 26-33页

作者： Linfeng Peng Chuang Yu Ziqi Zhang Ruonan Xu Mengjun Sun Long Zhang Shijie Cheng Jia Xie State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430000China School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430000China Clean Nano Energy Center State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and TechnologyYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430000China

Solid/solid interface is the major challenge for high-performance solid-state *** electrolytes(SEs)play a crucial role in the fabrication of effective interfaces in solid-state ***,the electrolyte distribution with varied particle sizes is tuned to construct solid-state batteries with excellent performance at different operating ***-state batteries with the configuration S/L(small-sized SE in composite cathode and large-sized SE in electrolyte layer)show the best performance at room temperature(168 mA h g^(−1) at 0.2 C,retention of 99%,100 cycles)and−20°C(89 mA h g^(−1) at 0.05 C),while the configuration S/S displays better performance at elevated *** superior performance of S/L battery is associated with faster lithium-ion dynamics due to the better solid/solid interface between active materials and ***,the inferior performance at 60℃is caused by the formation of voids and cracks in the electrolyte layer during *** contrast,the S/S battery delivers superior performance at elevated operating temperature because of the integrated *** work confirms that tailoring electrolyte size has significant effect on fabricating all-climate solid-state batteries.

关键词： electrochemical performance lithium argyrodite operating temperature size distribution solid-state batteries

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Stability Evaluation of the Dual-terminal Structure DC Distribution Power Systems with Multiple DC Transformers 4

Stability Evaluation of the Dual-terminal Structure DC Distr...

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4th IEEE China International Youth Conference on Electrical engineering, CIYCEE 2023

作者： Chen, Yangfan Zhao, Mengyuan Zhang, Yu School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350305562

To improve the load capability, operating efficiency and power density of the DC distribution power systems (DDPSs), the application of dual-terminal structure (DTS) composed of multiple DC transformers (DCTs) is widely expanding. Focusing on the cascaded stability, the active damping methods for DCTs are widely researched to suppress the oscillation. However, there are few studies discussing whether the DDPS composed of DCTs controlled by active damping methods is still stable. Therefore, this paper firstly builds an impedance model for a DTS DDPS. Then, the stability of a DTS DDPS composed of all-active-damping-controlled DCTs is evaluated based on the Nyquist Criterion. Finally, simulation results show that a DTS DDPS is stable with a high margin when composed of all-active-damping-controlled DCTs, which has fast dynamic speed and good balance ability. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： DC transformers

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Unraveling Electrochemical Stability and Reversible Redox of Y-Doped Li_(2)ZrCl_(6) Solid Electrolytes

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Energy Material Advances 2023年第1期4卷 120-129页

作者： Shuai Chen Chuang Yu Chaochao Wei Ziling Jiang Ziqi Zhang Linfeng Peng Shijie Cheng Jia Xie State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074P.R.China School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074P.R.China

Lithium halide electrolytes show great potential in constructing high-energy-density solid-state batteries with high-voltage cathode materials due to their high electrochemical stability and wide voltage ***,the high cost and low conductivity of some compositions inhibit their ***,the effect of electronic additives in the cathode mixture on the stability and capacity is ***,the Y3+doping strategy is applied to enhance the conductivity of low-cost Li_(2)ZrCl_(6)*** tailoring the Y^(3+)dopant in the structure,the optimal Li_(2.5)Zr_(0.5)Y_(0.5)Cl_(6)with high conductivity up to 1.19×10^(−3) S cm^(−1) is ***_(2.5)Zr_(0.5)Y_(0.5)Cl_(6)@CNT/Li_(2.5)Zr_(0.5)Y_(0.5)Cl_(6)/Li_(5.5)PS_(4.5)Cl_(1.5)/In-Li solid-state batteries with different carbon nanotube(CNT)contents in the cathode are *** stability and electrochemical performances of the cathode mixture as a function of CNT content are *** cathode mixture containing 2%(wt.)CNT exhibits the highest stability and almost no discharge capacity,while the cathode mixture consisting of Li_(2.5)Zr_(0.5)Y_(0.5)Cl_(6)and 10%(wt.)CNT delivers a high initial discharge capacity of 199.0 mAh g^(−1)and reversible capacities in the following 100 *** characterizations are combined to unravel the working mechanism and confirm that the electrochemical reaction involves the 2-step reaction of Y^(3+)/Zr^(0),Zr^(4+)/Zr^(0),and Cl^(−)/Cl_(x)^(−)in the Li_(2.5)Zr_(0.5)Y_(0.5)Cl_(6)*** work provides insight into designing a lithium halide electrolyte-based cathode mixture with a high ionic/electronic conductive framework and good interfacial stability for solid-state batteries.

关键词： conductivity electrolyte stability

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Low sintering shrinkage porous ceramics: Principles, progress, and perspectives

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Journal of advanced Ceramics 2025年第2期14卷 1-36页

作者： Jie Xu Yueqi Shao Xiaoying Feng Xiaoyan Zhang Hao Li Jinlong Yang Feng Gao State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing MIIT Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and DevicesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Porous ceramics are lightweight materials with diverse pore structures and are widely applied in areas such as thermal insulation, sound absorption, filtration, catalysis, and energy storage. However, excessive shrinkage during the sintering process of porous ceramics leads to cracking and deterioration, posing significant challenges for achieving complex shapes. Despite its importance, the field of low sintering shrinkage porous ceramics has not received sufficient attention. This review systematically discusses the principles and progress in the development of low sintering shrinkage porous ceramics. First, we introduce the characteristics of various preparation methods, including partial sintering, particle-stabilized foaming, gel-casting, foam-gelcasting, and additive manufacturing (AM). We then explain three primary principles of low sintering shrinkage from the perspectives of the volume effect and mass transfer processes. This review focuses on the properties and applications of typical low sintering shrinkage ceramics such as mullite and alumina, particularly their mechanical properties and thermal conductivity as thermal insulation and ceramic cores. Finally, we summarize the current state and present future perspectives on low sintering shrinkage porous ceramics.

关键词： porous ceramics low sintering shrinkage volume expansion mass transfer process pore structure properties

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Fault locating for traveling-wave accelerators based on transmission line theory

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第8期34卷 24-34页

作者： Tong-Ning Hu Hai-Meng Wang Yi-Feng Zeng Hong-Jie Xu Li Chen Guang-Yao Feng Yuan-Ji Pei State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Grid Fujian Economic Research Institute Fuzhou 350012China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China

Radio-frequency(RF)breakdown analysis and location are critical for successful development of high-gradient traveling-wave(TW)accelerators,especially those expected to generate high-intensity,high-power *** with commonly used schemes involving dedicated devices or complicated techniques,a convenient approach for breakdown locating based on transmission line(TL)theory offers advantages in the typical constant-gradient TW-accelerating *** deliver such an approach,an equivalent TL model has been constructed to equate the TW-accelerating structure based on the fun-damental theory of the TL transient response in the time *** equivalence relationship between the TW-accelerating structure and the TL model has been established via analytical derivations associated with grid charts and verified by TL circuit ***,to validate the proposed fault-locating method in practical applications,an elaborate analysis via such a method has been conducted for the recoverable RF-breakdown phenomena observed at an existing prototype of a TW-accelerating-structure-based beam injector constructed at the Huazhong University of Science and *** addition,further considerations and discussion for extending the applications of the proposed method have been *** breakdown-locating approach involving the transient response in the framework of TL theory can be a conceivable supple-ment to existing methods,facilitating solution to construction problems at an affordable cost.

关键词： Traveling-wave structure RF breakdown Fault locating Transmission line

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