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AtomGAN:unsupervised deep learning for fast and accurate defect detection of 2D materials at the atomic scale

Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 102-114页

作者： Danpeng CHENG Wuxin SHA Zuo XU Shide LI Zhigao YIN Yuling LANG Shun TANG Yuan-Cheng CAO State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology CITIC Dicastal Co. Ltd.

The extraction of atomic-level material features from electron microscope images is crucial for studying structure-property relationships and discovering new materials. However, traditional electron microscope analyses rely on time-consuming and complex human operations; thus, they are only applicable to images with a small number of atoms. In addition, the analysis results vary due to observers' individual deviations. Although efforts to introduce automated methods have been performed previously, many of these methods lack sufficient labeled data or require various conditions in the detection process that can only be applied to the target material. Thus, in this study, we developed AtomGAN, which is a robust, unsupervised learning method, that segments defects in classical 2D material systems and the heterostructures of MoS2/WS2automatically. To solve the data scarcity problem, the proposed model is trained on unpaired simulated data that contain point and line defects for MoS2/WS2. The proposed AtomGAN was evaluated on both simulated and real electron microscope images. The results demonstrate that the segmented point defects and line defects are presented perfectly in the resulting figures, with a measurement precision of 96.9%. In addition, the cycled structure of AtomGAN can quickly generate a large number of simulated electron microscope images.

关键词： deep learning generative adversarial network defect detection atomic resolution 2D materials

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An Environment‑Tolerant Ion‑Conducting Double‑Network Composite Hydrogel for High‑Performance Flexible Electronic Devices

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 352-369页

作者： Wenchao Zhao Haifeng Zhou Wenkang Li Manlin Chen Min Zhou Long Zhao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China

High-performance ion-conducting hydrogels(ICHs)are vital for developing flexible electronic ***,the robustness and ion-conducting behavior of ICHs deteriorate at extreme tempera-tures,hampering their use in soft *** resolve these issues,a method involving freeze–thawing and ionizing radiation technology is reported herein for synthesizing a novel double-network(DN)ICH based on a poly(ionic liquid)/MXene/poly(vinyl alcohol)(PMP DN ICH)*** well-designed ICH exhibits outstanding ionic conductivity(63.89 mS cm^(-1) at 25℃),excellent temperature resistance(-60–80℃),prolonged stability(30 d at ambient temperature),high oxidation resist-ance,remarkable antibacterial activity,decent mechanical performance,and ***,the ICH performs effectively in a flexible wireless strain sensor,thermal sensor,all-solid-state supercapacitor,and single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator,thereby highlighting its viability in constructing soft electronic *** highly integrated gel structure endows these flexible electronic devices with stable,reliable signal output *** particular,the all-solid-state supercapacitor containing the PMP DN ICH electrolyte exhibits a high areal specific capacitance of 253.38 mF cm^(-2)(current density,1 mA cm^(-2))and excellent environmental *** study paves the way for the design and fabrication of high-performance mul-tifunctional/flexible ICHs for wearable sensing,energy-storage,and energy-harvesting applications.

关键词： Ionic liquids Double-network hydrogels Temperature tolerance Multifunctionality Flexible electronic devices

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Structure-free containment control for uncertain underactuated multiple Euler-Lagrange systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 150-168页

作者： Housheng SU Yali WU Liren ZHANG Xia CHEN Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry of China School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

This article studies the problem of structure-free distributed containment control for uncertain underactuated multiple Euler-Lagrange systems(MELSs) considering disturbances by using a layered approach. First, the second layer is the virtual layer constructed artificially for hierarchical control. We move all virtual nodes to the convex hull formed by leaders in the first layer by implementing containment control algorithms on all virtual nodes. Then, the third layer is the following layer, and we propose an adaptive robust tracking controller to ensure that each follower in the third layer tracks the corresponding virtual node in the second layer. So far, the underactuated MELSs can achieve containment control. Furthermore,through the theoretical derivation, sufficient conditions are obtained to achieve the objective of structure-free containment control. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed stratified structure-free containment control method is verified by a simulation example.

关键词： Euler-Lagrange systems underactuated system containment control adaptive-robust control

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Loosely coordinating diluted highly concentrated electrolyte toward -60℃ Li metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 380-387,I0009页

作者： Han Zhang Ziqi Zeng Qiang Wu Xinlan Wang Mingsheng Qin Sheng Lei Shijie Cheng Jia Xie State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs) promise energy density over 400 Wh kg^(-1).However,they suffer severe electrochemical performance deterioration at sub-zero *** failure behavior highly correlates to inferior lithium metal anode(LMA) compatibility and sluggish Li^(+) ***,we demonstrate that cyclopentylmethyl ether(CPME) based diluted high-concentration electrolyte(DHCE)enables-60℃ LMBs *** leveraging the loose coordination between Li^(+) and CPME,such developed electrolyte boosts the formation of ion clusters to derive anion-dominant interfacial chemistry for enhancing LMA compatibility and greatly accelerates Li^(+) desolvation *** resulting electrolyte demonstrates high Coulombic efficiencies(CE),providing over 99.5%,99.1%,98.5% and 95% at 25,-20,-40,and-60℃*** assembled Li-S battery exhibits remarkable cyclic stability in-20,and-40℃ at 0.2 C charging and 0.5 C *** at-60℃,Li-S cell with this designed electrolyte retains> 70% of the initial capacity over 170 ***,lithium metal coin cell and pouch cell with10 mg cm^(-2) high S cathode loading exhibit cycling stability at-20℃.This work offers an opportunity for rational designing electrolytes toward low temperature LMBs.

关键词： Lithium metal batteries -60℃operation Lithium metal anode compatibility Li^(+) desolvation kinetics

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Inertial PLL of Grid-connected Converter for Fast Frequency Support

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第4期9卷 1594-1599页

作者： Xiang Guo Donghai Zhu Jiabing Hu Xudong Zou Yong Kang Josep M.Guerrero State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China. Department of Energy Technology Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark

Frequency support capability for the grid-connected converter(GCC)is one of the basic safeguards for the stability of renewables-dominated power *** this paper,analogous to the motion equation of a synchronous generator(SG),an inertial phase-locked loop(iPLL)is proposed for GCC to achieve fast frequency *** iPLL introduces the inertial and damping loops into the classic PLL structure to emulate the natural frequency regulation characteristics of a *** with the existing methods,the iPLL has a faster frequency response and is simpler in design and ***,the proposed iPLL method is validated by *** Terms-Frequency support,grid-connected converter,inertial phase-locked loop(iPLL),synchronous generation(SG).

关键词： Frequency support grid-connected converter inertial phase-locked loop(iPLL) synchronous generation(SG).

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Development of a toroidal soft x-ray imaging system and application for investigating three-dimensional plasma on J-TEXT

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Plasma Science and technology 2024年第3期26卷 94-99页

作者：赵传旭李建超张晓卿王能超丁永华杨州军江中和严伟李杨波毛飞越任正康 the J-TEXT Team International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and School of PhysicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205People's Republic of China International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China

A toroidal soft x-ray imaging(T-SXRI)system has been developed to investigate threedimensional(3D)plasma physics on *** T-SXRI system consists of three sets of SXR *** sets are newly developed and located on the vacuum chamber wall at toroidal positionsφof 126.4°and 272.6°,respectively,while one set was established previously atφ=*** set of SXR arrays consists of three arrays viewing the plasma poloidally,and hence can be used separately to obtain SXR images via the tomographic *** sawtooth precursor oscillations are measured by T-SXRI,and the corresponding images of perturbative SXR signals are successfully reconstructed at these three toroidal positions,hence providing measurement of the 3D structure of precursor *** observed 3D structure is consistent with the helical structure of the m/n=1/1 *** experimental observation confirms that the T-SXRI system is able to observe 3D structures in the J-TEXT plasma.

关键词： SXR imaging J-TEXT tokamak three-dimensional measurement MHD

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Reliability criterion of film capacitor based on moisture diffusion in encapsulation

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High Voltage 2023年第6期8卷 1242-1252页

作者： Zheng Li Hua Li Tian Qiu Fuchang Lin Yucheng Wang School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Technology Ministry of EducationWuhanChina

The current reliability criterion(RC)of the film capacitor(FC)is usually a fixed value,which does not consider the staged capacitance loss caused by moisture diffusion under high temperature and/or high *** expected lifetime of capacitors would deviate far from the actual *** moisture diffusion process of the encapsulated FC is ana-lysed based on Fick's second *** order to investigate the capacitance loss and moisture diffusion characteristics,4 types of film capacitors are stressed with AC voltage under different temperatures and *** on the staged analysis of the capacitance and weight gain curves,the effect of moisture diffusion on capacitance loss is *** indicate that the linear stage of capacitance loss corresponds to the Fickian moisture diffusion stage of weight *** effect of voltage on FC aging is the most *** capacitance loss rate increases by 301%when the voltage rises by 30%.An RC calculation method of the FC is further proposed,which could also screen the encap-sulation quality and shorten the aging test duration by at least 80%.

关键词： aging moisture diffusion

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1,3,5-Trifluorobenzene endorsed EC-free electrolyte for high-voltage and wide-temperature lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 49-57,I0003页

作者： Mingsheng Qin Ziqi Zeng Qiang Wu Xiaowei Liu Qijun Liu Shijie Cheng Jia Xie State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina

Ethylene carbonate(EC)is susceptible to the aggressive chemistry of nickel-rich cathodes,making it undesirable for high-voltage lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).The arbitrary elimination of EC leads to better oxidative tolerance but always incurs interfacial degradation and electrolyte ***,an EC-free electrolyte is deliberately developed based on gradient solvation by pairing solvation-protection agent(1,3,5-trifluorobenzene,F_(3)B)with propylene carbonate(PC)/methyl ethyl carbonate(EMC)formulation.F_(3)B keeps out of inner coordination shell but decomposes preferentially to construct robust interphase,inhibiting solvent decomposition and electrode ***,the optimized electrolyte(1.1 M)with wide liquid range(-70–77℃)conveys decent interfacial compatibility and high-voltage stability(4.6 V for LiNi_(0.6)Mn_(0.2)Co_(0.2)O_(2),NCM622),qualifying reliable operation of practical NCM/graphite pouch cell(81.1%capacity retention over 600 cycles at 0.5 C).The solvation preservation and interface protection from F_(3)B blaze a new avenue for developing high-voltage electrolytes in next-generation LIBs.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Solvation structure High-voltage electrolyte Wide-temperature range Interfacial chemistry

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Dynamic Modeling and Operations of a Heat-power Station System Based on Renewable Energy

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第4期8卷 1110-1121页

作者： Zhenxing Li Jianyu Zhou Jinyu Wen Xia Chen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology and School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The coexistence of pollution from coal-fired heating and inefficient utilization of renewable resources in northern China has raised great *** studies on heat-power systems are primarily focused on traditional combined heat and power(CHP)systems and are limited to static energy flow analysis or the dynamic characteristics of a single system ***,it is difficult to make full use of the complementary potential of electrical energy and heat *** paper proposes a heat-power station(HPS)system based on renewable energy for the purpose of utilizing the surplus renewable energy to generate heat and meet heating *** overall architecture of the HPS system is established and its operational principle and dynamic characteristics of both the electrical and heating components in the system are analyzed and dynamic mathematical models are also *** addition,a coordinated electro-thermal control method based on system characteristics is designed to ensure the normal operation of a *** results verify the effectiveness of the model and control in the case of renewables fuctuation and heat load variations.

关键词： Coordinated control dynamic model and simulation heat-power station renewable energy

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Simultaneously enhancing erosion and compression resistance:designing AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy strengthened Ag-based contacts

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4476-4492页

作者： Xiao-Yang Xue Zhe Wang Hui-Ling Nie Zhao Yuan Jun Wang Chang-Hu Xu Kai Wen Cong-Hao Yu School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an Polytechnic UniversityXi’an 710048China School of Physics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Designing microstructures and unveiling dynamic erosion mechanisms remain important challenges for Ag-based *** simultaneously enhance erosion and compression resistance,an Al Co Cr Fe Ni high-entropy alloy(HEA)is introduced into Ag-based materials to fabricate novel Ag-HEA contacts with island-and skeletonrestricted *** arc erosion experimental results reveal that the skeleton-restricted HEA microstructure is the key factor in reducing the hill and crater morphologies of the contact surface,effectively delaying material transfer between the movable and stationary *** molten bridge evolution and compressive deformation behavior of Ag-HEA contacts with various microstructures are investigated using molecular dynamics(MD)*** results indicate that the constraint of Ag atom diffusion in the molten pool and the involvement of HEA atoms in the molten bridge are the primary mechanisms for improving erosion *** skeleton-restricted HEA microstructure reduces the total energy and structural stability of the molten bridge system and promotes its fracture and ***,the synergistic effect of the twin and Lomerz–Cottrell lock structures can hinder dislocation glide,generating dispersed and small-area stacking faults in the Ag matrix and mitigating the concentration of shear ***,the skeleton-restricted HEA microstructure contributes positively to compression *** study presents a novel approach to designing Ag-based contacts.

关键词： Electrical contact materials High entropy alloys Arc erosion Molecular dynamics Microstructures

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