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MLPFormer: MLP-integrated transformer for colorectal histopathology whole slide image segmentation

Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第6期37卷 4651-4661页

作者： Wang, Yuxuan Li, Dan Li, Xuechen Guo, Yan Zuo, Yanfei Shen, Linlin Department of Computer Science Wenzhou-Kean University Wenzhou China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Wuyi University Jiangmen China Department of Histo Pathology Shanghai Histo Pathology Diagnostic Center Shanghai China College of Computer Sicence and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen China

Colorectal intraepithelial neoplasia is a precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer, which is mainly diagnosed using pathological images. According to the characteristics of lesions, precancerous lesions can be classified into four different grades, i.e., background, normal, low and high level. However, due to the continuity of lesion development, tissue in different stages has high similarity. Recently, visual transformers have achieved impressive results in different visual tasks, due to their capacity of capturing long-range dependencies. However, due to computational cost, transformer cannot well extract detailed feature, which is important for lesion grading. To accurately segment pathological tissues with high similarity, in this work, we embed the multi-head MLP mixer module in the transformer network to extract cell and edge information. Furthermore, we propose a hierarchical MLP decoder to facilitate multi-scale feature fusion. The proposed transformer, namely MLPFormer, achieves remarkable results against competitive baselines on the Histo-CRC Biopsy dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that MLPFormer significantly outperforms the competitive baselines, i.e., a 3% dice improvement is achieved over the SegFormer series. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Video matting based on local-global features fusion 4

Video matting based on local-global features fusion

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4th International Conference on Machine Learning and computer Application, ICMLCA 2023

作者： Dong, Niuniu Liang, Yihui Zou, Kun Li, Wensheng Feng, Fujian School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China School of Computer Science Zhongshan Institute University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan China Guizhou Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System Guizhou Minzu University Guiyang China

ISBN: (数字)9781510680265

ISBN: (纸本)9781510680258

Video matting aims at accurately separating foreground from videos. Recent video matting researches pursue to eliminate auxiliary inputs. However, due to the limited ability of extracting global correlation features, these methods suffer from performance degradation when dealing with complex scenes or natural background videos. To address this challenge, we propose a video matting method called Video Matting Based on Local-Global Features Fusion (VMBLGFF) which can extract both comprehensive global correlation features and local subtle features. VMBLGFF contains two closely connected networks: a transformer network that utilizes window and global attention mechanisms to obtain global correlation features within and cross windows, and a fusion network that integrates local subtle features into the global correlation features to supplement the local detail information which may be overlooked by the attention mechanisms. VMBLGFF alleviates the issue of limiting global correlation features and has been benchmarked on both synthetic and real datasets, and the results demonstrate that VMBLGFF improves the quality of video matting and exhibits good generalization performance. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： computer vision

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Trimap generation with background for natural image matting 3

Trimap generation with background for natural image matting

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3rd International Conference on Optics and Machine Vision, ICOMV 2024

作者： Fu, Qian Liang, Yihui Kun, Zou Feng, Fujian Xu, Xiang School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China School of Computer Science Zhongshan Institute University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan China Guizou Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System Guizhou Minzu University Guiyang China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510680319

Image matting is a widely-used image processing technique that aims at accurately separating foreground from an image. However, this is a challenging and ill-posed problem that demands additional input, such as trimaps and background images, for providing prior knowledge. However, the manual annotation of trimaps require lots of labor, limiting the application of trimap-based methods. Some trimap-free methods explore alternatives with low labor requirements by utilizing captured background images, including background-based methods. However, the quality of alpha mattes predicted by trimap-free methods still fall short of trimap-based methods. To reduce the performance gap between background-based and trimap-based methodes, we present Trimap Generation from Background Image (TG-BG) method which can generate trimaps from the input image and a captured background image. It provides an economical solution to facilitate the application of trimap-based methods, allowing for low-cost and high-quality alpha matte predictions. TP-BG leverages a ViT backbone for feature extraction and employs the Image and Background Detail Fusion Stream (IBDFS) to capture multi-scale detail information. The introduction of foreground impact loss encourages the network to pay more attention to the foreground in the image. We validate the trimap prediction performance of TP-BG by comparing the alpha matte quality obtained by background-based methods and that obtained by trimap-based methods integrated with TP-BG. The experimental results demonstrate that TP-BG can generate high-quality trimap from a background image, and trimap-based methods integrated with TP-BG outperform the state-of-the-art background-based methods in terms of four alpha matte quality metrics. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Costs

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Enhanced Privacy-Preserving WiFi Fingerprint Localization from CL Encryption

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第6期33卷 1435-1446页

作者： Zhiwei WANG Qiuchi ZHU Zhenqi ZHANG School of Computer Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou University Advanced Cryptography and System Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Information Engineering Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Application of Hainan Province Hainan Normal University

The WiFi fingerprint-based localization method is considered one of the most popular techniques for indoor localization. In INFOCOM'14, Li et al. proposed a wireless fidelity(WiFi) fingerprint localization system based on Paillier encryption, which is claimed to protect both client C 's location privacy and service provider S's database privacy. However, Yang et al. presented a practical data privacy attack in INFOCOM'18, which allows a polynomial time attacker to obtain S's database. We propose a novel WiFi fingerprint localization system based on CastagnosLaguillaumie(CL) encryption, which has a trustless setup and is efficient due to the excellent properties of CL encryption. To prevent Yang et al.'s attack, the system requires that S selects only the locations from its database that can receive the nonzero signals from all the available access points in C 's nonzero fingerprint in order to determine C's location. Security analysis shows that our scheme is secure under Li et al.'s threat model. Furthermore, to enhance the security level of privacy-preserving WiFi fingerprint localization scheme based on CL encryption, we propose a secure and efficient zero-knowledge proof protocol for the discrete logarithm relations in C's encrypted localization queries.

关键词： Location awareness Threat modeling Data privacy Protocols Databases Fingerprint recognition Trustless services Encryption Servers Wireless fidelity

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An Improved Semi-Supervised Learning-Based U-Net for Underwater Image Enhancement 5

An Improved Semi-Supervised Learning-Based U-Net for Underwa...

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5th International Seminar on Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Information Technology, AINIT 2024

作者： Han, Jiqun Liu, Xinyu Tan, Dongxu Zhu, Jiehui School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China Guangdong Institute of Intelligent Unmanned System Technology Research and Development Department Guangzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385557

The attenuation and scattering of light in underwater environments often lead to degradation issues such as image blurring, color cast, and low contrast. Due to the lack of high-quality paired datasets, the performance of deep learning-based methods is limited. To address these challenges, we propose an improved U-Net architecture based on semi-supervised learning for underwater image enhancement. First, a multi-scale input-level fusion module is proposed to allow our network to fully exploit global spatial information from input images, natural light fields, and depth maps. Second, a multi-branch hybrid convolutional attention residual block is designed to improve the network's feature extraction capability and focus on important spatial and channel information in underwater images. Finally, a semi-supervised learning approach is used to fully exploit unpaired datasets, improving the generalization ability of the network model. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, the proposed network achieves satisfactory image enhancement results in various underwater scenarios. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Disclosure Privacy Information Social Media on TikTok 9

Disclosure Privacy Information Social Media on TikTok

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9th International Conference on Information Management and Technology, ICIMTech 2024

作者： Syamsuar, Dedy Fahrezi, Fazri Favian, Ahnaf Irwansyah, Edy Irawan, Achmad Fakhri School of Information System Bina Nusantara University Faculty of Engineering Professional Engineer Program Dept. Information System Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia School of Information System Bina Nusantara University Information System Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia School of Information System Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350390025

With the rapid development of technology, the use of social media by the public, especially among young people, is increasing. One of the social media platforms currently used by young people is the TikTok application. It is a video-based TikTok feature accompanied by music, writing, and pictures that are considered attractive, so teenagers like it to show their existence and self-disclosure. Therefore, this study aims to examine the intention of users to disclose their privacy. As the basis of the theory, this study deployed the privacy calculus theory, where the perceived benefits and perceived risks play crucial roles in the intention to disclose their privacy. The study successfully collected 369 responses. The empirical findings indicated that only the relationship between Perceived Personalization (PP) and Perceived Risk (PR) was not supported. However, all the remaining hypotheses were supported. These findings emphasize how several complicated variables influence social media users' intentions to disclose their privacy. When people feel in control of their privacy settings and see significant benefits, they are more likely to divulge personal information;nevertheless, perceived risks can greatly discourage users. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Subnetwork-based federated few-shot semantic segmentation of organ images

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： Wu Junpeng Zhao Meng Zhang Huanping Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System of Ministry of Education， School of Computer Science and Engineering， Tianjin University of Technology

Federated learning(FL)， as a distributed learning paradigm， allows multiple medical institutions to collaborate on learning without the need to centralize all client data. However， existing methods pay little attention to more challenging medical image semantic segmentation tasks， especially in the scenario of the imbalanced dataset in federated few-shot learning. In this paper， we propose a subnetwork-based federated few-shot organ image segmentation method. Firstly， individual clients train using local training samples and then upload local model gradients to the server. The server utilizes their respective local model gradients to update the subnetwork maintained on the server and generate aggregation weights for forming personalized model parameters. Through this method， we can learn the similarities between different clients to address data heterogeneity issues. In addition， to enhance the communication efficiency between clients and the server， we have also designed a personalized layer aggregation strategy， which only transmits partial layer model parameters during the communication process to improve communication efficiency. Finally， we conducted experiments on ABD-MRI and ABD-CT datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

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Towards Large-Scale Benchmark Dataset for Remote Sensing Object Detection on Battlefield

Towards Large-Scale Benchmark Dataset for Remote Sensing Obj...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Asia, ICCE-Asia 2024

作者： Kim, Yechan Park, JongHyun Kim, Sihyun Kim, Sungheon Kim, SooYeon Ko, YeongMin Oh, Junggyun Jeon, Moongu School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science GIST Korea Republic of Kyungpook National University Department of Robot and Smart System Engineering Korea Republic of HDC Labs Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530839

Precise object detection allows military personnel to clearly understand their surroundings, leading to planning effective military strategies. Particularly, satellites and drones allow real-time surveillance over large areas, which is crucial for military operations. Collaboration among military, academic, and industrial institutions is required to promote innovation in military target detection. However, potential security concerns usually restrict access to real data from the military. To mitigate this issue, this paper proposes a novel approach to generate synthetic data for remote sensing object detection on the battlefield with ARMA3, one of the renowned military tactic games. With our method, the data for model training can be easily generated without any manpower. To demonstrate the efficacy of our approach, we provide a detailed analysis of the examples from our method. As ARMA3 is well-known for its realistic military combat simulation, we believe our method can effectively contribute to military object detection in remote sensing. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Military satellites

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A Review on Binary Code Analysis Datasets 18th

A Review on Binary Code Analysis Datasets

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18th International Conference on Wireless Artificial Intelligent Computing systems and Applications, WASA 2024

作者： Huang, Zhijian Song, Shuguang Liu, Han Kuang, Hongyu Zhang, Jingjing Hu, Pengfei National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Information System Security Systems Engineering Institute Academy of Military Sciences Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong University Qingdao China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031714696

Binary code analysis serves as the foundation for research in vulnerability discovery, software protection, and malicious code analysis. However, analyzing binary files is challenging due to the lack of high-level semantic information, leading to heavy dependence on analysts’ expertise and significantly impacting the efficiency of binary code analysis. Recent years has witnessed the blossom of machine learning models for binary analysis, but few researches address the problem of binary code datasets. In this paper, we review all the existing and available datasets, and make classification according to their application. We set up experiments to illustrate how dataset quality could affect the performance of machine learning models in binary function recognition. Based on the experimental evaluation, we present a discussion on the ground truth as well as quality evaluation problems for binary code datasets. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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CRAFT: Criticality-Aware Fault-Tolerance Enhancement Techniques for Emerging Memories-Based Deep Neural Networks

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and systems 2023年第10期42卷 3289-3300页

作者： Nguyen, Thai-Hoang Imran, Muhammad Choi, Jaehyuk Yang, Joon-Sung Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Engineering School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad44000 Pakistan Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department of System Semiconductor Engineering Yonsei University Seoul03722 Korea Republic of

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have emerged as the most effective programming paradigm for computer vision and natural language processing applications. With the rapid development of DNNs, efficient hardware architectures for deploying DNN-based applications on edge devices have been extensively studied. Emerging nonvolatile memories (NVMs), with their better scalability, nonvolatility, and good read performance, are found to be promising candidates for deploying DNNs. However, despite the promise, emerging NVMs often suffer from reliability issues, such as stuck-at faults, which decrease the chip yield/memory lifetime and severely impact the accuracy of DNNs. A stuck-at cell can be read but not reprogrammed, thus, stuck-at faults in NVMs may or may not result in errors depending on the data to be stored. By reducing the number of errors caused by stuck-at faults, the reliability of a DNN-based system can be enhanced. This article proposes CRAFT, i.e., criticality-aware fault-tolerance enhancement techniques to enhance the reliability of NVM-based DNNs in the presence of stuck-at faults. A data block remapping technique is used to reduce the impact of stuck-at faults on DNNs accuracy. Additionally, by performing bit-level criticality analysis on various DNNs, the critical-bit positions in network parameters that can significantly impact the accuracy are identified. Based on this analysis, we propose an encoding method which effectively swaps the critical bit positions with that of noncritical bits when more errors (due to stuck-at faults) are present in the critical bits. Experiments of CRAFT architecture with various DNN models indicate that the robustness of a DNN against stuck-at faults can be enhanced by up to 105 times on the CIFAR-10 dataset and up to 29 times on ImageNet dataset with only a minimal amount of storage overhead, i.e., 1.17%. Being orthogonal, CRAFT can be integrated with existing fault-tolerance schemes to further enhance the robustness of DNNs aga

关键词： Fault tolerance

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