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Covert Communications in Active-IOS Aided Uplink NOMA systems With Full-Duplex Receiver

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8419-8424页

作者： Kang, Xueyu Qi, Nan Lv, Lu Boulogeorgos, Alexandros-Apostolos A. Tsiftsis, Theodoros A. Liu, Hongwu Shandong Jiaotong University School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Jinan250357 China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space Nanjing210016 China Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xi'an710071 China Xidian University School of Telecommunications Engineering Xi'an710071 China University of Western Macedonia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kozani50100 Greece University of Thessaly Department of Informatics and Telecommunications Lamia35100 Greece University of Nottingham Ningbo China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ningbo315100 China

In this paper, an active intelligent omni-surface (A-IOS) is deployed to aid uplink transmissions in a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system. In order to shelter the covert signal embedded in the superposition transmissions, a multi-antenna full-duplex (FD) receiver is utilized at the base-station to recover signal in addition to jamming the warden. With the aim of maximizing the covert rate, the FD transmit and receive beamforming, A-IOS refraction and reflection beamforming, NOMA transmit power, and FD jamming power are jointly optimized. To tackle the non-convex covert rate maximization problem subject to the highly coupled system parameters, an alternating optimization algorithm is designed to iteratively solve the decoupled sub-problems of optimizing the system parameters. The optimal solutions for the sub-problems of the NOMA transmit power and FD jamming power optimizations are derived in closed-form. To tackle the rank-one constrained non-convex fractional programming of the A-IOS beamforming and FD beamforming, a penalized Dinkelbach transformation approach is proposed to resort to the optimal solutions via semidefinite programming. Numerical results clarify that the deployment of the A-IOS significantly improves the covert rate compared with the passive-IOS aided uplink NOMA system. It is also found that the proposed scheme provides better covert communication performance with the optimized NOMA transmit power and FD jamming power compared with the benchmark schemes. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Jamming

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Multiple Sclerosis Detection with Reinforcement Learning and Differential Evolution

Multiple Sclerosis Detection with Reinforcement Learning and...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Yang, Jing Yang, Jin Wu, Chenwei Jiang, Gaozhe Lv, Yaning Liu, Bingyan Xu, Feng Department of Computer System and Technology Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis United States Evident Battery Inc. Massachusetts United States Institute of Operations Research and Analytics National University of Singapore Singapore School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology Beijing China School of Computer Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China School of Engineering and Design Technical University of Munich Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) disrupts nerve communication, potentially leading to permanent damage. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are commonly recommended to accelerate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis for MS. Traditional CNN-based methods often face challenges with feature selection, imbalanced classification, and hyperparameter optimization, which can reduce their effectiveness. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a reinforcement learning (RL) strategy for tackling feature selection and class imbalance, complemented by an advanced Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm for hyperparameter tuning. The RL algorithm dynamically adapts, enhancing feature selection and class balance, and consistently outperforms traditional static methods by continually optimizing its response to the complex patterns in MS detection. Furthermore, the DE is enhanced with a novel mutation mechanism that utilizes k-means clustering to identify significant clusters. Tested on the SNAC-MS and ISBI datasets, our model demonstrates robust accuracy with average F-measures of 92.873% and 93.783%, respectively, highlighting its effectiveness and adaptability in diagnosing MS. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： feature selection hyperparameter optimization imbalanced classification Multiple sclerosis reinforcement learning

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Scar-Aware Late Mechanical Activation Detection Network for Optimal Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Planning

Scar-Aware Late Mechanical Activation Detection Network for ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Jiarui Xing Shuo Wang Amit R. Petal Kenneth C. Bilchick Frederick H. Epstein Miaomiao Zhang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia USA School of Medicine University of Virginia Health System USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia Health System USA Department of Computer Science University of Virginia USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331520526

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520533

Accurate identification of late mechanical activation (LMA) regions is crucial for optimal cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) lead implantation. However, existing approaches using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging often over-look myocardial scar information, which may be mistakenly identified as delayed activation regions. To address this issue, we propose a scar-aware LMA detection network that simultaneously detects myocardial scar and prevents LMA localization in these scarred regions. More specifically, our model integrates a pre-trained scar segmentation network using late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) CMRs into a LMA detection network based on highly accurate strain derived from displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) CMRs. We introduce a novel scar-aware loss function that utilizes the segmented scar information to discourage false-positive detections of late activated areas. Our model can be trained with or without paired LGE data. During inference, our model does not require the input of LGE images, leveraging learned patterns from strain data alone to mitigate false-positive LMA detection in potential scar regions. We evaluate our model on subjects with and without myocardial scar, demonstrating significantly improved LMA detection accuracy in both scenarios. Our work paves the way for improved CRT planning, potentially leading to better patient outcomes.

关键词： Image segmentation Accuracy Motion segmentation Medical treatment Magnetic resonance Myocardium Lead Data models Planning Strain

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Prior Knowledge-Driven Hybrid Prompter Learning for RGB-Event Tracking

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and systems for Video Technology 2025年

作者： Wang, Mianzhao Shi, Fan Cheng, Xu Chen, Shengyong Tianjin University of Technology Engineering Research Center of Learning-Based Intelligent System Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System School of Computer Science and Engineering Tianjin300384 China Technical University of Denmark Department of Technology Management and Economics Kongens Lyngby Denmark

Event data can asynchronously capture variations in light intensity, thereby implicitly providing valuable complementary cues for RGB-Event tracking. Existing methods typically employ a direct interaction mechanism to fuse RGB and event data. However, due to differences in imaging mechanisms, the representational disparity between these two data types is not fixed, which can lead to tracking failures in certain challenging scenarios. To address this issue, we propose a novel prior knowledge-driven hybrid prompter learning framework for RGB-Event tracking. Specifically, we develop a frame-event hybrid prompter that leverages prior tracking knowledge from the foundation model as intermediate modal support to mitigate the heterogeneity between RGB and event data. By leveraging its rich prior tracking knowledge, the intermediate modal reduces the gap between the dense RGB and sparse event data interactions, effectively guiding complementary learning between modalities. Meanwhile, to mitigate the internal learning disparities between the lightweight hybrid prompter and the deep transformer model, we introduce a pseudo-prompt learning strategy that lies between full fine-tuning and partial fine-tuning. This strategy adopts a divide-and-conquer approach to assign different learning rates to modules with distinct functions, effectively reducing the dominant influence of RGB information in complex scenarios. Extensive experiments conducted on two public RGB-Event tracking datasets show that the proposed HPL outperforms state-of-the-art tracking methods, achieving exceptional performance. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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Language-Queried Target Sound Extraction Without Parallel Training Data

Language-Queried Target Sound Extraction Without Parallel Tr...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Ma, Hao Peng, Zhiyuan Li, Xu Li, Yukai Shao, Mingjie Kong, Qiuqiang Liu, Ju School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao China Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University NC United States ARC Lab Tencent PCG China Key Laboratory of System and Control AMSS Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Language-queried target sound extraction (TSE) aims to extract specific sounds from mixtures based on language queries. Traditional fully-supervised training schemes require extensively annotated parallel audio-text data, which are labor-intensive. We introduce a parallel-data-free training scheme, requiring only unlabelled audio clips for TSE model training by utilizing the contrastive language-audio pre-trained model (CLAP). In a vanilla parallel-data-free training stage, target audio is encoded using the pre-trained CLAP audio encoder to form a condition embedding, while during testing, user language queries are encoded by CLAP text encoder as the condition embedding. This vanilla approach assumes perfect alignment between text and audio embeddings, which is unrealistic. Two major challenges arise from training-testing mismatch: the persistent modality gap between text and audio and the risk of overfitting due to the exposure of rich acoustic details in target audio embedding during training. To address this, we propose a retrieval-augmented strategy. Specifically, we create an embedding cache using audio captions generated by a large language model (LLM). During training, target audio embeddings retrieve text embeddings from this cache to use as condition embeddings, ensuring consistent modalities between training and testing and eliminating information leakage. Extensive experiment results show that our retrieval-augmented approach achieves consistent and notable performance improvements over existing state-of-the-art with better generalizability. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： contrastive language-audio pre-training retrieval-augmented strategy target sound extraction uni-modal training for multi-modal tasks

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Novel orange-red glaze based on in-doped CaFe2O4 red chromophore: Synthesis, properties and characterizations

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Qi, Menghang Tian, Liangsheng Wang, Qiuying Xiao, Ruoxiu Hu, Nan Shi, Lin Siritanon, Theeranun Jiang, Peng Department of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China School of Chemistry Institute of Science Suranaree University of Technology 111 University Avenue Muang Nakhon Ratchasima30000 Thailand

The CaFe2-xInxO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) pigment with red shade was successfully synthesized through solid state reactions. The crystal structure, color development mechanism, morphology and its application in the glaze were studied. XPS analysis confirmed Fe resides in +3 oxidation state. Combined with UV–Vis–NIR analysis, it is determined that the formation of red shade of the pigment is due to the 6A1(S) → 4T2(D), 6A1(S) → 4A1, 4E(G) and 6A1(S) → 4T2(G) transitions of Fe3+ in the visible light region. The pigment was applied to the lead-free low temperature glaze to evaluate its potential in preparing new glaze color. The as-synthesized glaze showed orange-red shade. With increased In3+ doping concentration, the glaze demonstrates a stronger red tone. The glaze also shows high NIR solar reflectance. Inferred from SEM-EDS, the pigment particles are evenly scattered in the glaze. Therefore, CaFe2-xInxO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) red pigment is a qualified candidate for red shade glaze preparation. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Crystal structure

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NASTCNN: a spatio-temporal convolutional neural network with non-local attention mechanism for image-induced brain activity pattern recognition

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： TAN Xiangxin SHAO Mingxiong ZENG Ke GU Yue School of Computer Science and Engineering， Tianjin University of Technology Engineering Research Center of Learning-Based Intelligent System (Ministry of Education)， Tianjin University of Technology Krembil Research Institute， University Health Network

Deciphering the brain’s visual processing mechanisms has always been a hot topic. Using neural signal patterns to predict the corresponding external visual stimuli is crucial in understanding the interaction of real visual scenes. There are some challenges in the study of image-induced brain activity pattern recognition based on electroencephalogram (EEG)， e.g. how to fully utilize the effective features of EEG signals to improve the classification， and how the frequency and the length of EEG effect the model performance. We design an experimental paradigm that minimizes the interaction between visual stimuli， and propose a spatio-temporal convolutional neural network with non-local attention mechanism (NASTCNN) for image-induced brain activity pattern recognition. The framework utilizes non-local feature extraction operations to realize global information interaction between EEG signals over long distances and enhance the feature expression of some important information. Our model achieves the best performance on both MNIST-EEG and ImageNet-EEG datasets. The classification results are 24.00% and 50.10% respectively， higher than the random probability. We also analyze the effects of different EEG frequency bands and time subsequences of different lengths on the classification performance and which brain regions are activated over time. The results show that when full frequency band and entire length sequence are selected， the classification result is optimal. The occipital region is essential for processing visual tasks， and the temporal region and some frontal regions also play important role in the later stage of visual decoding. This research can help us better understand the visual processing mechanism of the brain.

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Integration of SDN and Digital Twin for the Intelligent Detection of DoC Attacks in WRSNs

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Qaisar, Muhammad Umar Farooq Yuan, Weijie Han, Guangjie Ahmed, Adeel Liu, Chang Piran, Md. Jalil School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University China School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Southern University of Science and Technology China Department of Internet of Things Engineering Hohai University China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China China School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong University Seoul05006 Korea Republic of

Wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs), supported by recent advancements in wireless power transfer (WPT) technology, hold significant potential for extending network lifetime. However, traditional approaches often prioritize scheduling algorithms and network optimization, overlooking the security risks associated with the charging process, which exposes the network to potential attacks. This paper addresses this gap by integrating Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Digital Twin technologies for the intelligent detection of Denial of Charging (DoC) attacks in WRSNs. First, it leverages the flexibility and intelligent control of SDN, in combination with Digital Twin, to enhance real-time detection and mitigation of DoC attacks. Second, it employs four key metrics to detect such attacks including charging request patterns, energy consumption, behavioral and reputation scores, and charging behavior and efficiency. The numerical results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed protocol in terms of energy usage efficiency, survival rate, detection rate, and travel distance. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： State of charge

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Structure design and analysis of a rigid-soft robotic hand with large load capacity 3

Structure design and analysis of a rigid-soft robotic hand w...

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3rd International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, and Information engineering, EEIE 2024

作者： Wu, Peichen Lan, Fuming Hong, Wen Chen, Xiaoping Shuai, Wei Cui, Guowei Gao, Yang Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing Guangdong Academy of Sciences Guangdong Key Laboratory of Modern Control Technology Guangzhou510070 China Shanghai Institute of Aerospace System Engineering Shanghai201100 China Intelligent Manufacturing Institute of HFUT HeFei230041 China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688179

In recent years, soft grippers have gained significant attention due to their adaptability and safety. However, when performing horizontal object grasping, their limited structural stiffness prevents them from withstanding the torque generated by friction between the gripper and the object, leading to a loss of contact and limiting their horizontal load capacity. To address this limitation while preserving the adaptability of soft grippers, this paper proposes a gripper structure called the rigid-soft robotic hand, which incorporates lateral rigid connecting rods outside the soft joints. The paper analyzes the bending capacity of the rigid-soft joint using kinematic methods and investigates the influence of link design parameters on maximum bending angle. Subsequently, a finite element analysis is conducted to study the finger structure with the added connecting rods, aiming to optimize the link design parameters. Experimental results demonstrate the grasping capabilities of the rigid-soft gripper in both vertical and horizontal orientations. The findings show that the rigid-soft gripper significantly improves the load-carrying capacity during horizontal object grasping while maintaining the adaptability of the soft gripper. © The Authors.

关键词： Robotic arms

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Maverick: Personalized Edge-Assisted Federated Learning with Contrastive Training 25

Maverick: Personalized Edge-Assisted Federated Learning with...

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34th ACM Web Conference, WWW 2025

作者： Wang, Kaibin He, Qiang Dong, Zeqian Chen, Rui He, Chuan Chua, Caslon Chen, Feifei Yang, Yun Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne Australia Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Deakin University Melbourne Australia National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712746

In an edge-assisted federated learning (FL) system, edge servers aggregate the local models from the clients within their coverage areas to produce intermediate models for the production of the global model. This significantly reduces the communication overhead incurred during the FL process. To accelerate model convergence, FedEdge, the state-of-the-art edge-assisted FL system, trains clients’ models in local federations when they wait for the global model in each training round. However, our investigation reveals that it drives the global model towards clients with excessive local training, causing model drifts that undermine model performance for other clients. To tackle this problem, this paper presents Maverick, a new edge-assisted FL system that mitigates model drifts by training personalized local models for clients through contrastive local training. It introduces a model-contrastive loss to facilitate personalized local federated training by driving clients’ local models away from the global model and close to their corresponding intermediate models. In addition, Maverick includes anomalous models in contrastive local training as negative samples to accelerate the convergence of clients’ local models. Extensive experiments are conducted on three widely-used models trained on three datasets to comprehensively evaluate the performance of Maverick. Compared to state-of-the-art edge-assisted FL systems, Maverick accelerates model convergence by up to 16.2x and improves model accuracy by up to 12.7%. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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