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IEEE Symposium on High-Performance computer Architecture

作者： Wenju Zhao Pengcheng Yao Dan Chen Long Zheng Xiaofei Liao Qinggang Wang Shaobo Ma Yu Li Haifeng Liu Wenjing Xiao Yufei Sun Bing Zhu Hai Jin Jingling Xue National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System/Services Computing Technology and System Lab/Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Computing National University of Singapore Singapore School of Computer Electronics and Information Guangxi University NanNing China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia

ISBN: (数字)9798331506476

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506483

Hypergraph Neural Networks (HGNNs) are increasingly utilized to analyze complex inter-entity relationships. Traditional HGNN systems, based on a hyperedge-centric dataflow model, independently process aggregation tasks for hyperedges and vertices, leading to significant computational redundancy. This redundancy arises from recalculating shared information across different tasks. For the first time, we identify and harness implicit dataflows (i.e., dependencies) within HGNNs, introducing the microedge concept to effectively capture and reuse intricate shared information among aggregation tasks, thereby minimizing redundant computations. We have developed a new microedge-centric dataflow model that processes shared information as fine-grained microedge aggregation tasks. This dataflow model is supported by the Read-Process-Activate-Generate execution model, which aims to optimize parallelism among these tasks. Furthermore, our newly developed MeHyper, a microedge-centric HGNN accelerator, incorporates a decoupled pipeline for improved computational parallelism and a hierarchical feature management strategy to reduce off-chip memory accesses for large volumes of intermediate feature vectors generated. Our evaluation demonstrates that MeHyper substantially outperforms the leading CPUbased system PyG-CPU and the GPU-based system HyperGef, delivering performance improvements of $1,032.23 \times$ and $10.51 \times$, and energy efficiencies of $1,169.03 \times$ and $9.96 \times$, respectively.

关键词： Computational modeling Neural networks Redundancy Pipelines Memory management Parallel processing Vectors Energy efficiency Hardware acceleration

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Graph attention based on contextual reasoning and emotion-shift awareness for emotion recognition in conversations

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Complex and Intelligent systems 2025年第7期11卷 1-20页

作者： Yang, Juan Wei, Puling Du, Xu Shen, Jun College of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430065 China Hubei Province Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-Time Industrial System Wuhan 430081 China National Engineering Research Center for E‑Learning Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 China School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong 2522 NSW Australia

Emotion recognition in conversations has recently emerged as a hot research topic owing to its increasingly important role in developing intelligent empathy services. Thoroughly exploring the conversational context and accurately capturing emotion-shift information are highly crucial for accurate emotion recognition in conversations. However, existing studies generally failed to fully understand the complex conversational context due to their insufficient capabilities in extracting and integrating emotional cues. Moreover, they mainly focused on the speaker’s emotion inertia while paying less attention to explore multi-perspective emotion-shift patterns. To address these limitations, this study proposes a novel multimodal approach, namely, GAT-CRESA (Graph ATtention based on Contextual Reasoning and Emotion-Shift Awareness). Specifically, the multi-turn global contextual reasoning module iteratively performs contextual perception and cognitive reasoning for efficiently understanding the global conversational context. Then, GAT-CRESA explores emotion-shift information among utterances from both the speaker-dependent and the global context-based perspectives. Next, the emotion-shift awareness graphs are constructed for extracting significant local-level conversational context, where edge relations are determined by the learnt emotion-shift labels. Finally, the outputs of graphs are concatenated for final emotion recognition. The loss of emotion prediction task is combined together with those of two perspective’s emotion-shift learning for guiding the training process. Experimental results show that our GAT-CRESA achieves new state-of-art records with 72.77% ACC and 72.81% wa-F1 on IEMOCAP, and 65.44% ACC and 65.04% wa-F1 on MELD, respectively. The ablation results also indicate the effectiveness and rationality of each component in our approach. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Contextual reasoning Emotion recognition in conversations (ERC) Emotion-shift Graph attention

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Formation and Obstacle Avoidance Control Based on Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Network science and engineering 2025年

作者： Niu, Fuxi Nian, Xiaohong Pan, Chao Dia, Xunhua Wang, Haibo Xiong, Hongyun Central South University Key Lab of Institute of cluster unmanned system School of automation Changsha410083 China Central South University School of computer science and engineering Changsha410083 China

For the multi-agent formation control problem, the current mainstream control methods are based on graph theory and consistency theory, which often require precise modeling of the system and rigorous mathematical reasoning. Based on the MADDPG deep reinforcement learning algorithm, this paper models the formation control problem as a reinforcement learning problem by considering various constraints on the agent, and obtains the behavior strategy of each agent through learning and training. Furthermore, this paper combines the leader-follow method to divide all agents into two categories, and solves the problem that it is difficult for agents to balance the long-term rewards of formation and obstacle avoidance tasks in reinforcement learning methods. The simulation experiments are divided into two types: circular formation control and formation obstacle avoidance. The dynamic movement process of the agent in the corresponding experimental scene is shown, and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by combining the formation process error. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Deepfake Detection and Mitigation Using Advanced CNN: Ensuring Digital Content Integrity

Deepfake Detection and Mitigation Using Advanced CNN: Ensuri...

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Advancement in Computation & computer Technologies (InCACCT), International Conference on

作者： Palvi Sharma Shubham Gupta Monu Sharma Neha Gupta Dept. of CSE Model Institute of Engineering & Technology Jammu India Valley Health System Winchester Virginia School of Computer Science and Engineering Geeta University

ISBN: (数字)9798331543891

ISBN: (纸本)9798331543907

Deepfake technology, with its hyper-realistic fake content and backed by AI technologies, presents a serious threat to the authenticity and security of digital content. The study deployed three different machine learning-based models: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Vision Transformers (ViT) for discrimination of real and fake faces. The model leverages the capabilities of CNN for automatic spatial feature learning from raw data, giving it exceptional performance in the discrimination between real and fake content. Performance measures were made in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score and compared against traditional methods; the model remains a trustworthy contribution towards deepfake detection. Findings indicate that the CNN exceeded others with the highest precisions of up to 92.21%, recall of 90%, F1 score of 93%, and perfect accuracy of 97.25%. The paper further discusses the future developments, for instance, architectural improvements and real-time applications and expanding detection capacity outside visual data for a more formidable approach towards new deepfake formats, such as audio and text. This endeavor lays the groundwork for viable and scalable roads against the rising onslaught on digital media manipulation, ensuring content integrity in an AI-driven world.

关键词： Support vector machines Representation learning Deepfakes Visualization Accuracy Roads Transformers Convolutional neural networks Security Artificial intelligence

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Uplink Performance of Cell-Free Symbiotic Radio With Hardware Impairments for IoT

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Sun, Qiang Zhou, Yu Shen, Yushi Li, Feiyang Chen, Xiaomin Li, Dong Zhang, Jiayi Nantong University School of Information Science and Technology Nantong226019 China NovNet Computing System Tech Company Beijing100081 China Macau University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Taipa999078 China Beijing Jiaotong University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100044 China

Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output symbiotic radio (CF-SR) has recently been introduced as a promising solution for the Internet of Things (IoT), offering cost advantages and more uniform coverage performance for user devices. However, most previous studies assume perfect hardware, which is impractical in IoT systems. In this paper, we investigate the uplink performance of CF-SR systems in the presence of hardware impairments (HWIs). We adopt two novel schemes for hybrid combining, namely hybrid maximum ratio (HMR) and hybrid local minimum mean square error (HL-MMSE), both of which effectively enhance the spectral efficiency (SE) of the backscattering link. We derive closed-form expressions for the achievable SE of both conventional MR and HMR combining schemes, taking into account the imperfect channel state information (CSI) and HWIs. The simulation results that both the direct and backscattering links are primarily limited by HWIs including multiplicative and additive distortions from the device side. We apply the differential evolution (DE) algorithm for power control to maximize the minimum SE, and the results show that the DE algorithm improves the minimum SE by approximately 52%, avoiding further degradation of the SE of the weakest device due to the impact of HWIs. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Mean square error

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AegonKV: a high bandwidth, low tail latency, and low storage cost KV-separated LSM store with SmartSSD-based GC offloading 25

AegonKV: a high bandwidth, low tail latency, and low storage...

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Proceedings of the 23rd USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies

作者： Zhuohui Duan Hao Feng Haikun Liu Xiaofei Liao Hai Jin Bangyu Li National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Service Computing Technology and System Lab/Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9781939133458

The key-value separation is renowned for its significant mitigation of the write amplification inherent in traditional LSM trees. However, KV separation potentially increases performance overhead in the management of Value region, especially for garbage collection (GC) operation that is used to reduce the redundant space occupation. In response, many efforts have been made to optimize the GC mechanism for KV separation. However, our analysis indicates that such solution based on trade-offs between CPU and I/O overheads cannot simultaneously satisfy the three requirements of KV separated systems in terms of throughput, tail latency, and space usage. This limitation hinders their real-world *** this paper, we introduce AegonKV, a "three-birds-one-stone" solution that comprehensively enhances the throughput, tail latency, and space usage of KV separated systems. AegonKV first proposes a SmartSSD-based GC offloading mechanism to enable asynchronous GC operations without competing with LSM read/write for bandwidth or CPU. AegonKV leverages offload-friendly data structures and hardware/ software execution logic to address the challenges of GC offloading. Experiments demonstrate that AegonKV achieves the largest throughput improvement of 1.28-3.3 times, a significant reduction of 37%-66% in tail latency, and 15%-85% in space overhead compared to existing KV separated systems.

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How to Select Pre-Trained Code Models for Reuse? A Learning Perspective

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Bi, Zhangqian Wan, Yao Chu, Zhaoyang Hu, Yufei Zhang, Junyi Zhang, Hongyu Xu, Guandong Jin, Hai National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab Wuhan China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China School of Computer Science University of Technology Sydney Sydney Australia

Pre-training a language model and then fine-tuning it has shown to be an efficient and effective technique for a wide range of code intelligence tasks, such as code generation, code summarization, and vulnerability detection. However, pre-training language models on a large-scale code corpus is computationally expensive. Fortunately, many off-the-shelf Pre-trained Code Models (PCMs), such as CodeBERT, CodeT5, CodeGen, and Code Llama, have been released publicly. These models acquire general code understanding and generation capability during pre-training, which enhances their performance on downstream code intelligence tasks. With an increasing number of these public pre-trained models, selecting the most suitable one to reuse for a specific task is essential. In this paper, we systematically investigate the reusability of PCMs. We first explore three intuitive model selection methods that select by size, training data, or brute-force fine-tuning. Experimental results show that these straightforward techniques either perform poorly or suffer high costs. Motivated by these findings, we explore learning-based model selection strategies that utilize pre-trained models without altering their parameters. Specifically, we train proxy models to gauge the performance of pre-trained models, and measure the distribution deviation between a model's latent features and the task's labels, using their closeness as an indicator of model transferability. We conduct experiments on 100 widely-used open-source PCMs for code intelligence tasks, with sizes ranging from 42.5 million to 3 billion parameters. The results demonstrate that learning-based selection methods reduce selection time to 100 seconds, compared to 2,700 hours with brute-force fine-tuning, with less than 6% performance degradation across related tasks. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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A Comparative Study of YOLOv5 and YOLOv8 for Helmet Detection Inside ATMs

A Comparative Study of YOLOv5 and YOLOv8 for Helmet Detectio...

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Advancement in Computation & computer Technologies (InCACCT), International Conference on

作者： Prashant Kumar Sharma Lakshmipriya B Poonguzhali N Jayalakshmy S School of Computer Science & Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India School of Engineering Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi India School of Computer & System Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi India Electronics & Communication Engineering IFET College of Engineering Villupuram India

ISBN: (数字)9798331543891

ISBN: (纸本)9798331543907

Automated helmet detection inside automated teller machine (ATM) cabin for cash dispense can enhance security as well as serves as a means to prevent heist and vandalism. This study presents a comparative study on helmet detection inside ATMs using two prominent object detection you look only once (YOLO) v5 and YOLOv8. The system facilitates detection of helmets from closed circuit television (CCTV) footages to help in identifying the people entering into the ATM by wearing helmets and also in avoiding potential intrusion. In addition to precision and recall, mean average precision (mAP), a standard object detection metric to measure the accuracy of localization is used in this paper to assess the performance of helmet detection models constructed using YOLOv5 and YOLOv8. Experimental evaluation carried out in this study elucidates that YOLOv8 performs better than YOLOv5. By integrating the proposed model with IoT techniques, this model improves the safety and security. In addition, the incorporation of other alert models with this system offers a safer environment for the users inside the ATM cabin.

关键词： YOLO Training Performance evaluation Location awareness Head TV Automated teller machine Safety Security Standards

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How to Select Pre-Trained Code Models for Reuse? A Learning Perspective

How to Select Pre-Trained Code Models for Reuse? A Learning ...

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IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER)

作者： Zhangqian Bi Yao Wan Zhaoyang Chu Yufei Hu Junyi Zhang Hongyu Zhang Guandong Xu Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab Wuhan China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China School of Computer Science University of Technology Sydney Sydney Australia

ISBN: (数字)9798331535100

ISBN: (纸本)9798331535117

Pre-training a language model and then fine-tuning it has shown to be an efficient and effective technique for a wide range of code intelligence tasks, such as code generation, code summarization, and vulnerability detection. However, pre-training language models on a large-scale code corpus is compu-tationally expensive. Fortunately, many off-the-shelf Pre-trained Code Models (PCMs), such as CodeBERT, CodeT5, CodeGen, and Code Llama, have been released publicly. These models acquire general code understanding and generation capability during pre-training, which enhances their performance on downstream code intelligence tasks. With an increasing number of these public pre-trained models, selecting the most suitable one to reuse for a specific task is essential. In this paper, we systematically investigate the reusability of PCMs. We first explore three intuitive model selection methods that select by size, training data, or brute-force fine-tuning. Experimental results show that these straightforward techniques either perform poorly or suffer high costs. Motivated by these findings, we explore learning-based model selection strategies that utilize pre-trained models without altering their parameters. Specifically, we train proxy models to gauge the performance of pre-trained models, and measure the distribution deviation between a model's latent features and the task's labels, using their closeness as an indicator of model transferability. We conduct experiments on 100 widely-used open-source PCMs for code intelligence tasks, with sizes ranging from 42.5 million to 3 billion parameters. The results demonstrate that learning-based selection methods reduce selection time to 100 seconds, compared to 2,700 hours with brute-force fine-tuning, with less than 6% performance degradation across related tasks.

关键词： Phase change materials Analytical models Adaptation models Codes Costs Computational modeling Training data Machine learning Software Software development management

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DSAA: Cross-modal transferable double sparse adversarial attacks from images to videos

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Neurocomputing 2025年 639卷

作者： Han, Xueqiang Zhang, Shihui Wang, Houlin Tian, Qing School of Information Science and Engineering Yanshan University Hebei Qinhuangdao China The Key Laboratory for Computer Virtual Technology and System Integration of Hebei Province Hebei Qinhuangdao China Department of Computer Science University of Alabama at Birmingham AL United States

Recent preliminary research has examined cross-modal attacks, enabling the transition of unlabeled attacks from images to videos. The current cross-modal attacks are mainly dense attacks, while sparse attacks have not been explored. To bridge this gap, this paper proposes a cross-modal transferable double sparse adversarial attack (DSAA) method. Specifically, DSAA incorporates both spatial sparsity and temporal sparsity. Firstly, we design a novel double-cross-shaped patch paradigm to achieve spatial sparsity. Leveraging this patch for perturbation addition enables a more effective global impact on video frames. Subsequently, we propose a uniform temporal sparsity strategy to achieve temporal sparsity. Even if only half of the frames are perturbed, the resulting average attack success rate remains comparable to that of perturbing all frames. Furthermore, we take into account the luminance, contrast, and structure of images and propose a structural similarity loss function (SSLF). By utilizing SSLF to measure the similarity of intermediate feature maps and incorporating it into perturbation optimization, DSAA achieves excellent attack performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate DSAA's superiority over state-of-the-art approaches in terms of attack success rate. The proposed DSAA uses video adversarial examples generated by four ImageNet-pretrained image models on Kinetics-400 and UCF-101 to attack six video recognition models, achieving average attack success rates of 85.83% and 82.02%, respectively. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Cross-modal attacks Spatial sparsity Temporal sparsity Unlabeled attacks Video adversarial examples

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