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15th International Conference on Computer Supported Education, CSEDU 2023

作者： Kohlbacher, Christina Julia Vierhauser, Michael Groher, Iris Institute of Business Informatics - Software Engineering JKU Business School Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria LIT Secure and Correct Systems Lab Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9789897586415

Starting to learn programming is often perceived as being quite tedious by students at the bachelor level. Many programming courses thus face high drop-out rates and moderate results for those who pass. This problem is exacerbated when teaching programming to students enrolled in non-computer science curricula. To overcome these issues, we have developed a novel didactic concept based on peer learning, tutoring, dedicated teaching, and learning material that supports individuality and competency-based learning. Our current focus lies on teaching basic programming principles, but to further support our students and foster a positive learning experience, we want to learn more about the difficulties they are facing, particularly with respect to best practices, coding conventions, and code quality. We, therefore, performed a static code analysis of homework assignments of students participating in our introductory programming course for two consecutive years. We analyzed over 13,000 Java files and more than 400,000 lines of Java code to identify common code quality issues faced by our students. Our analysis shows that the majority of rule violations are related to coding style. The violations do not differ much with respect to the topics covered in the homework assignments, and hardly change over time. The more lines of code the students write, the more rules are violated. Based on our findings we present concrete recommendations on how to support novice programmers in improving their code quality. Copyright © 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

关键词： Students

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Toward Utilizing Bidirectional Multi-head Attention Technique for Automatic Correction of Grammatical Errors

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of Computer Science 2024年第11期51卷 1886-1897页

作者： Mahmoud, Zeinab Kryvinska, Natalia Abdalsalm, Mohammed Solyman, Aiman Alfatemi, Ali Musyafa, Ahmad School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Technology China Department of Information Management and Business Systems Comenius University Slovakia Department of Computer Science University of Milan Italy CIS Department Fordham University BronxNY10458 United States Department of Informatics Engineering Pamulang University South Tangerang15310 Indonesia

Automatic Grammar Error Correction (GEC) models identify and correct a wide range of grammatical errors. Various strategies have been proposed for GEC, with the Neural Machine Translation (NMT) approach being the most effective. However, NMT-based GEC models with encoder-decoder layers rely heavily on the highest layer, leading to potential inaccuracies. Additionally, during inference, exposure bias can cause the model to substitute previously targeted words with incorrect alternatives. Another challenge is data scarcity. This paper introduces a GEC model leveraging the seq-to-seq Transformer framework, specifically designed for low-resource languages like Arabic. We propose a method to generate noise in the text to create synthetic parallel data, addressing the data constraints. Inspired by Capsule Networks (CapsNet), we incorporate CapsNet in GEC to dynamically aggregate information from multiple layers. In order to mitigate exposure bias, we incorporated a bidirectional training approach and a regularization term using Kullback-Leibler divergence to align left-to-right and right-to-left models. Experiments on two benchmarks demonstrate that our model outperforms current Arabic GEC models, achieving the highest scores. The code is available on GitHub (https://***/Zainabobied/ArabicGEC). © (2024), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Neural machine translation

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A novel analytical model for estimating vehicle delay at isolated signalised intersections

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International Journal of Simulation and Process Modelling 2022年第1-2期19卷 71-85页

作者： Qiao, Feng Liu, Huixin Luo, Dan Sun, Haochen Chen, Yinong School of Information and Control Engineering Shenyang Institute of Technology Fushun113122 China Faculty of Information and Control Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University Shenyang100168 China School of Information Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology Henan Luoyang471000 China School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ85287-8809 United States

This paper proposes a novel analytical model to estimate the average vehicle delay at signalised intersections under saturated or oversaturated conditions based on the investigation and analysis of the existing methods to deal with the problems arising in the process of acceleration, deceleration, and the transmissibility of the cycle-by-cycle average vehicle delay. The proposed model employs and combines the operating and queuing characteristics of vehicles to produce the analytic formula. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed model, simulation experiments are conducted, and the error rates and the correlation coefficients are investigated, which confirm that the proposed model possesses certain significant advantages over the existing models in saturated and oversaturated conditions. The results of research work show that the proposed model can provide transportation engineers or professionals with an effective tool for analysing, timing and managing the saturated or oversaturated signalised intersections. © 2022 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Analytical models

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The link between Fisher information and geometric discord

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Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur 2022年第5期48卷 445-449页

作者： Lowe, A. Yurkevich, I.V. Aston University School of Informatics and Digital Engineering BirminghamB4 7ET United Kingdom Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Dresden01187 Germany

By considering an arbitrary two-qubit state, it is shown that the Fisher information is intrinsically linked to the geometric discord which allows a measure for quantum correlations beyond entanglement. The complex amplitude of oscillations of the probability density function is upper bounded by the geometric discord which subsequently results in the Fisher information being bounded by the geometric discord. This gives an experimental observable which can be used to quantify quantum correlations beyond entanglement. This observable can be used to witness quantum correlations in an interferometry experiment, and provide another avenue for quantum technologies to continue to develop. © A. Lowe and I. V. Yurkevich, 2022

关键词： Probability density function

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Empowering Consumer Healthcare Through Sensor-Rich Devices using Federated Learning for Secure Resource Recommendation

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年第1期71卷 1563-1570页

作者： Fathima, Afifa Salsabil Basha, Syed Muzamil Ahmed, Syed Thouheed Khan, Surbhi Bhatia Asiri, Fatima Basheer, Shakila Shukla, Madhu School of Computer Science and Engineering REVA University Karnataka Bengaluru India School of Computing and Information Technology REVA University Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Data Science School of Science Engineering and Environment University of Salford Manchester United Kingdom Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura140401 India College of computer science Informatics and computer systems department King Khalid University Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of computer and Information science Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. BOX 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia the Department of CSE - AI ML & DS Marwadi University Gujarat Rajkot360003 India

When implementing zero-trust edge computing, offloading computational tasks and data access through traditional model training and usage approaches can lead to increased latency. Since the traditional methods often involve extensive communication with a central server, creating additional network hopping stations/nodes resulting in increased latency. The challenge is bound to allocate a befitting resource at a given consumer demand. In this proposed system, a federated learning model based data offloading and consumer medical resource recommendation of IoT is discussed and validated. The user/consumer group and local training models are aligned with edge servers for data preprocessing and customization with a series of resources demand creation and coordination. The consumer resource allocating priorities are fine-grained with the proposed blockchain based priority analyzer for recommendation and allocation. The computational parameter such as resource pool, average waiting time, energy consumption and transmission trust delays are observed and validated. The proposed framework fetches consumer resources logs and synchronizes the centralized training model for effective scheduling and allocation of resources with an accuracy of 94.92% under the 5G operating spectrum. The technique has demonstrated minimal latency in offloading the data request demand and resource allocation at the cloud servers. © 2025 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Federated learning

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Convolutional Neural Networks and YOLOv5 for the Detection of License Plates in Digital Photographic Images 15

Convolutional Neural Networks and YOLOv5 for the Detection o...

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15th IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks, CICN 2023

作者： Zegarra, Guillermo Enrique Medina Rodriguez, Ciro Rodriguez Lobaton, Edgar Sierra, Roger Chipa Graduate School Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Department of Systems and Informatics Engineering Lima Peru School of System Engineering and Informatic Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Lima Peru School of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Caroline State University NC United States School of Economic Engineering and Statistics Universidad Nacional de Ingenierías Lima Peru

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324433

In this research, a dataset of two thousand images was obtained, which were taken through a speed camera to vehicles in the city of Lima, Peru, with the purpose of detecting license plates. Therefore, a distribution of this dataset was made: 70% for training (1400 images), 20% for validation (400 images), and 10% for testing (200 images). To visualize and analyze the behavior and convergence of the loss function, a distribution was made using the cross-validation method with the following three folds: 1400, 840, and 280, with two optimization methods (stochastic gradient descent with momentum and Adam), both optimization techniques were used for training from scratch and transfer learning. The results obtained demonstrated that the loss function converges better with the first optimization method. We used precision metric, too. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Securing the Future after Pager Bombs:Lifecycle Protection of Smart Devices via Blockchain Intelligence

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第12期11卷 2355-2358页

作者： Fei Lin Qinghua Ni Jing Yang Juanjuan Li Nan Zheng Levente Kovács Radu Prodan Mariagrazia Dotoli Qing-Long Han Fei-Yue Wang the Department of Engineering Science Faculty of Innovation EngineeringMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China the State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China the School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBei-jing 100049China IEEE Obuda University John von Neumann Faculty of InformaticsBecsi Str.96/bH-1034 BudapestHungary the Institute of Information Technology University of Klagenfurt9020 Klagenfurt am WortherseeAustria the Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Polytechnic of Bari70126 BariItaly the School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourne VIC 3122Australia the State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190

THE Lebanese wireless device explosion incident has drawn widespread attention,involving devices such as pagers,walkie-talkies,and other common devices[1].This event has revealed and highlighted the security vulnerabilities in global supply chains from raw material manufacturing and distribution to the usage of devices and equipment,signaling the onset of a new wave of"supply chain warfare"[2].

关键词： Smart cycle chains

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Image Processing Implementation to Classify Coffee Fruit Ripeness Using K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) Algorithm 8

Image Processing Implementation to Classify Coffee Fruit Rip...

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8th International Conference on Information Management and Technology, ICIMTech 2023

作者： Hussaini Dermawan, M. Farhan Witarsyah, Deden Syamsuar, Dedy Fakhrurroja, Hanif Luthfi, Ahmad Herdiansyah, Muhammad Izman Telkom University Faculty of Industrial Engineering Bandung Indonesia School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Information Systems Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Islamic University of Indonesia Faculty of Industrial Technology Department of Informatics Jogjakarta Indonesia Universitas Bina Darma Informatics Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Palembang Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350326093

Coffee is one of the plantation crops that has long been a cultivated plant in Indonesia. The classification of coffee fruit maturity manually still has several weaknesses and requires a long process, has low accuracy and is inconsistent, this is because the determination is made subjectively by coffee farmers. As for the classification of coffee fruit maturity levels automatically, it can be faster with objective determination, therefore the use of image processing is relatively easier, faster, and based on a quantified descriptive assessment to determine coffee maturity. Image Processing is a method used to process or manipulate images in 2-dimensional form. In the classification process, there are many methods used to obtain classification of objects based on training data. One of the algorithms used for the classification process is K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN). KNN is a classification technique for objects based on training data that is the closest or has similar characteristics to the object. KNN includes supervised learning algorithms, where the results of the new query instance are classified based on the majority of the categories in K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN). The finding indicated that class classification of ripe and unripe were 88,24 % and 100% respectively with 93,33% accuracy level. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Layered niobium carbide enabling excellent kinetics and cycling stability of Li-Mg-B-H hydrogen storage material Layered niobium carbide enabling excellent kinetics

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1153-1166页

作者： Li-Wen Lu Hui Luo Guang-Xu Li Yun Li Xin-Hua Wang Cun-Ke Huang Zhi-QiangLan Wen-Zheng Zhou Jin Guo Mohammad Ismail Hai-Zhen Liu Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Blue Energy and Systems IntegrationSchool of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures Nanning530004China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Quzhou College of TechnologyQuzhou324000China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) Nankai UniversityTianjin300071China

The Li-Mg-B-H composite(2LiBH_(4)+MgH_(2))has a high capacity of 11.4 wt%as a hydrogen storage ***,the slow kinetics and poor cycling stability severely restrict its practical *** this work,a layered Nb_(2)C MXene was first synthesized and then introduced to tailor the kinetics and cycling stability of the Li-Mg-B-H *** milled 2LiH+MgB_(2)composites were initially hydrogenated to obtain the 2LiBH_(4)+MgH_(2)*** 2LiBH_(4)+MgH_(2)+5wt%Nb_(2)C can release 9.0 wt%H_(2)in 30 min at 400℃,while it is only 2.7 wt%for the undoped 2LiBH_(4)+MgH_(2).The dehydrogenation activation energies of MgH_(2)and LiBH_(4)are 123 and 154 kJ·mol^(-1)respectively for the 5 wt%Nb_(2)C-doped composite,lower than the undoped composite(164 and 165 kJ·mol^(-1)).The 2LiBH_(4)+MgH_(2)+5 wt%Nb_(2)C possesses excellent cycling stability,with the reversible capacity only slightly reduced from 9.4 wt%for the 1st cycle to 9.3 wt%for the 20th ***_(2)C keeps stable in the composite and acts as an efficient catalyst for the Li-Mg-B-H *** is believed that both the layered structure and the active Nb element contribu te to the enhanced hydrogen storage performances of the Li-Mg-B-H *** work confirms that the Nb_(2)C MXene with layered stru cture has a significant enhancing impact on the Li-Mg-B-H hydrogen storage materials,which is different from the bulk NbC.

关键词： Hydrogen storage Lithium borohydride Magnesium hydride Nb_(2)C MXene

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Wireless Localization with Space-Time Coded Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces

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IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 2025年

作者： Gholami, Mehdi Khajavi, Soheil Neshat, Mohammad Tewes, Simon Sezgin, Aydin University of Tehran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Tehran Iran University of Sussex School of Engineering and Informatics Falmer United Kingdom Ruhr University Bochum Institute of Digital Communication Systems Bochum Germany

In this paper, a novel approach for wireless localization is proposed and experimentally validated that leverages space-time coded reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS). It is demonstrated that applying proper single-bit codes to each RIS element enables accurate determination of the direction of arrival (DOA) at the receiver. Moreover, we introduce different scenarios for which such technique can be used for localization. By incorporating RIS, a passive component, the method significantly reduces the complexity found in previous localization techniques. In addition, the use of 1-bit codes minimizes hardware requirements, offering a reliable and low-cost solution for localization in advanced telecommunications networks. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Space time adaptive processing

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