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arXiv 2021年

作者： Casamitjana Díaz, Adrià Lorenzi, Marco Ferraris, Sebastiano Peter, Loïc Modat, Marc Stevens, Allison Fischl, Bruce Vercauteren, Tom Iglesias, Juan Eugenio Center for Medical Image Computing University College London United Kingdom Université Côte dÁzur Inria Epione Team Sophia Antipolis06902 France School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences King’s College London United Kingdom Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School United States Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Program in Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States

Joint registration of a stack of 2D histological sections to recover 3D structure ("3D histology reconstruction") finds application in areas such as atlas building and validation of in vivo imaging. Straightforward pairwise registration of neighbouring sections yields smooth reconstructions but has well-known problems such as "banana effect" (straightening of curved structures) and "z-shift" (drift). While these problems can be alleviated with an external, linearly aligned reference (e.g., Magnetic Resonance (MR) images), registration is often inaccurate due to contrast differences and the strong nonlinear distortion of the tissue, including artefacts such as folds and tears. In this paper, we present a probabilistic model of spatial deformation that yields reconstructions for multiple histological stains that that are jointly smooth, robust to outliers, and follow the reference shape. The model relies on a spanning tree of latent transforms connecting all the sections and slices of the reference volume, and assumes that the registration between any pair of images can be see as a noisy version of the composition of (possibly inverted) latent transforms connecting the two images. Bayesian inference is used to compute the most likely latent transforms given a set of pairwise registrations between image pairs within and across modalities. We consider two likelihood models: Gaussian (`2 norm, which can be minimised in closed form) and Laplacian (`1 norm, minimised with linear programming). Results on synthetic deformations on multiple MR modalities, show that our method can accurately and robustly register multiple contrasts even in the presence of outliers. The framework is used for accurate 3D reconstruction of two stains (Nissl and parvalbumin) from the Allen human brain atlas, showing its benefits on real data with severe distortions. Moreover, we also provide the registration of the reconstructed volume to MNI space, bridging the gaps between two of the most widely

关键词： Brain

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Scalable metagrating for efficient ultrasonic focusing

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Chiang, K. Quan, L. Peng, Y. Sepehrirahnama, S. Oberst, S. Alù, A. Powell, D. School of Engineering and Information Technology University of New South Wales ACT Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York United States Centre for Audio Acoustics and Vibration University of Technology Sydney Australia Graduate Center City University of New York United States

Acoustic focusing plays a pivotal role in a wide variety of applications ranging from medical science to nondestructive testing. Previous works have shown that acoustic metagratings can overcome the inherent efficiency limitations of gradient metasurfaces in beam steering. In this work, we propose a new design principle for acoustic metalenses, based on metagratings, to achieve efficient ultrasonic focusing. We achieve beam focusing by locally controlling the excitation of a single diffraction order with the use of adiabatically varying metagratings over the lens aperture. A set of metagratings is optimized by a semi-analytical approach using a genetic algorithm, enabling efficient anomalous reflection for a wide range of reflection angles. Numerical results reveal that our metalens can effectively focus impinging ultrasonic waves to a focal point of FWHM = 0.364λ. The focusing performance of the metalens is demonstrated experimentally, validating our proposed approach. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Focusing

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The Quantum Internet (Technical Version)

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Rohde, Peter P. Huang, Zixin Ouyang, Yingkai Huang, He-Liang Su, Zu-En Devitt, Simon Ramakrishnan, Rohit Mantri, Atul Tan, Si-Hui Liu, Nana Harrison, Scott Radhakrishnan, Chandrashekar Brennen, Gavin K. Baragiola, Ben Q. Dowling, Jonathan P. Byrnes, Tim Munro, William J. Centre for Quantum Software and Information Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney SydneyNSW Australia Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics Louisiana State University Baton Rouge United States School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Macquarie University NSW2109 Australia School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences University of Sheffield SheffieldS3 7RH United Kingdom Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography Henan Zhengzhou450000 China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale Department of Modern Physics University of Science & Technology of China Hefei China CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information & Quantum Physics University of Science & Technology of China Hefei China CAS-Alibaba Quantum Computing Laboratory Shanghai China InstituteQ Aalto University Espoo02150 Finland Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Singapore University of Technology & Design Singapore Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Singapore Horizon Quantum Ireland 24 Fitzwilliam Place Dublin 2 D02 T296 Ireland Institute of Natural Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory in Scientific and Engineering Computing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai China University of Michigan Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute Shanghai200240 China Leibniz Institute for Research & Information in Education Frankfurt am Main Germany Department of Computer Science and Engineering NYU Shanghai 567 West Yangsi Road Shanghai200124 China Centre of Excellence in Engineered Quantum Systems Macquarie University NSW Australia Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology School of Science RMIT University VIC

The desire to share and unite remote digital assets motivated the development of the classical internet, the enabler of the entire 21st century economy and our modern way of life. As we enter the quantum era, it is to be expected there will be a similar demand for networking quantum assets, motivating a global quantum internet for bringing together the world's quantum resources, leveraging off their exponential trajectory in capability. We present models for quantum networking, how they might be applied in the future, and the implications they will have. Socially, economically, politically and geostrategically, the upcoming era of quantum supremacy will be as significant for the 21st century as the transistor was for the 20th. The inherently different scaling in the computational power of quantum computers fundamentally changes the dynamics of how they will operate in the future. Given their high expected initial cost, a client/server model for outsourcing computation will be essential for enabling the accessibility and proliferation of this technology, and ensuring its economic viability. We therefore anticipate the emergence of cloud quantum computing, a model for outsourcing quantum computations to the network. We argue that economic efficiency will mandate that all future quantum computers be united into a single global virtual quantum computer, offering exponentially more power to all network participants than if they were to keep their resources to themselves. This model for the allocation of computational resources is uniquely quantum, with no classical analogue, completely altering the economic landscape for the future of computation. Given the sensitivity of much of the data to which future quantum computers are going to foreseeably be applied, protocols for encrypted quantum computation will be essential - the outsourcing of computations that neither an eavesdropper nor even the server performing the computation can spy upon. This will enable new models fo

关键词： Outsourcing

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Visualizing Field-free Deterministic Magnetic Switching of all–van der Waals Spin-Orbit Torque System Using Spin Ensembles in Hexagonal Boron Nitride

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Xi Zhou, Jingcheng Hu, Chaowei Deng, Kuangyin Wang, Chuangtang Agarwal, Nishkarsh Jin, Hanshang Al-Matouq, Faris A. Xu, Stelo Trivedi, Roshan S. Li, Senlei Rathi, Sumedh Lu, Hanyi Jiang, Zhigang Taufour, Valentin Hovden, Robert Zhao, Liuyan Cheng, Ran Xu, Xiaodong Chu, Jiun-Haw Du, Chunhui Rita Wang, Hailong School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Department of Physics University of Washington SeattleWA98105 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California DavisCA95616 United States Department of Physics University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98105 United States

Recently, optically active spin defects embedded in van der Waals (vdW) crystals have emerged as a transformative quantum sensing platform to explore cutting-edge materials science and quantum physics. Taking advantage of excellent solid-state integrability, this new class of spin defects can be arranged in controllable nanoscale proximity of target materials in vdW heterostructures, showing great promise for improving spatial resolution and field sensitivity of current sensing technologies. Building on this state-of-the-art measurement platform, here we report hexagonal boron nitride-based quantum imaging of field-free deterministic magnetic switching of room-temperature two-dimensional magnet Fe3GaTe2 in an all-vdW spin-orbit torque (SOT) system. By visualizing SOT-driven variations of nanoscale Fe3GaTe2 magnetic stray field profile under different conditions, we have revealed how the observed magnetic switching evolves from deterministic to indeterministic behavior due to the interplay between out-of-plane spins, in-plane spins and Joule heating. This understanding, which is otherwise difficult to access by conventional transport measurements, offers valuable insights on material design, testing, and evaluation of next-generation vdW spintronic devices. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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An Optimization Model for Multi-Echelon Multi-Commodity Supply Chain Design with Side Constraints 1

An Optimization Model for Multi-Echelon Multi-Commodity Supp...

引用

1st International Conference on computer science and Applied Mathematic, ICCSAM 2018

作者： Harahap, Amin Mawengkang, Herman Opim, S. Sitompul Graduate School of Mathematics University of Sumatera Utara Indonesia Department of Mathematics University of Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia Faculty of Computer Science and Informatika Technology University of Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia

A proper strategies in designing and optimizing supply chains can help enterprises to stay competitive in this volatile economy. Identifying various type of products that run through the supply chain and aligning several parts of the supply chain to these product types are considered to be effective strategies adapted by successful companies. In this paper we address an optimal design of a multi-echelon supply chain problem with various commodity that is of significance to the business enterprise, along with the associated inventory systems. By using the guaranteed service approach to model the multi-echelon inventory system, we develop an MINLP model to simultaneously optimize the transportation, inventory and network structure of a multi-echelon supply chain which involve multi commodity. The optimization model is then solved using a strategy of releasing nonbasic variables from their bounds, combined with the "active constraint" method. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Supply chains

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The Mid-Infrared Region Absorption of Graphene-based Photodetector with Au-grating Structure

The Mid-Infrared Region Absorption of Graphene-based Photode...

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IEEE International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (NANOMED)

作者： Wei-Yu Long Kuan-Chou Lin Yu-Xuan Lu Chih-Ting Lin B.S. degree from the Department of Electrical Engineering from National Taiwan University. He is currently a Ph.D candidate in the Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University B.S. degree in civil engineering from National Taiwan University and M.S. degree in Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University B.S. degree from the Department of Materials Science and Engineering from Central South University China B.S. degree in civil engineering from National Taiwan University the M.S. degree in Institute of Applied Mechanics from National Taiwan University and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering and computer science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice, has garnered immense attention for its exceptional electrical conductivity, transparency, and mechanical strength. These properties make graphene an ideal candidate for photodetectors, as it can efficiently convert incident photons into electrical signals. The integration of graphene into surface plasmonic devices has opened up new avenues for photodetection technology. In our research, we combine graphene and surface plasmonic devices to realize a high responsivity mid-infrared graphene photodetector with a grating metal/graphene/SiO 2 structure. The Bruker Vertex70 Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used for the mid-infrared spectrum measurement. With different linewidth of Au grating structure, the peak of absorption redshifts as the grating linewidth increases and the intensity is also different. Further, by adding graphene, the total absorption increases. Due to these advantages, the Au-grating graphene device can be used as infrared photodetectors.

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Image Size, Color Depth, Age variant on Convolution Neural Network 1

Image Size, Color Depth, Age variant on Convolution Neural N...

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1st Indonesian Association for Pattern Recognition International Conference, INAPR 2018

作者： Pranoto, Hady Budiharto, Widodo Hendric Spits Warnars, Harco Leslie Matsuo, Tokuro Heryadi, Yaya Computer Science Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Graduate School of Industrial Technology Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781538694220

Facial recognition as of biometric authentication used in the field of security, military, finance and daily use is become a trend or famous, because of its natural and not intrusive nature. Many methods for face recognition such as holistic learning, the use of local features, shallow learning and deep learning, some methods are susceptible to variations in pose change, illumination, expression and age variation. State of the art of face recognition today is a deep learning technique that delivers high accuracy. In this paper author replicate an face recognition using deep learning architecture called OpenFace Convolutional Neural Network. In this research author make variation on the size of image, color dept and age, and see how that factor impact on accuracy of face recognition in that architecture. As the result from the research, the accuracy of a model depends on the image size, color depth, and age variation, but in OpenFace CNN that recognition still provides fairly good accuracy when reducing the size of image and color depth, as long as the image can still be detected on the landmark facial, so the alignment process can be done on the face image. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Face recognition

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Search for Majorana Neutrinos with the Complete KamLAND-Zen Dataset

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Abe, S. Araki, T. Chiba, K. Eda, T. Eizuka, M. Funahashi, Y. Furuto, A. Gando, A. Gando, Y. Goto, S. Hachiya, T. Hata, K. Ichimura, K. Ieki, S. Ikeda, H. Inoue, K. Ishidoshiro, K. Kamei, Y. Kawada, N. Kishimoto, Y. Koga, M. Marthe, A. Matsumoto, Y. Mitsui, T. Miyake, Haruhiko Morita, D. Nakamura, K. Nakamura, R. Nakamura, R. Nakane, J. Ono, T. Ozaki, H. Saito, K. Sakai, T. Shimizu, I. Shirai, J. Shiraishi, K. Suzuki, A. Tachibana, K. Tamae, K. Watanabe, H. Watanabe, K. Yoshida, S. Umehara, S. Fushimi, K. Kotera, K. Urano, Y. Berger, B.E. Fujikawa, B.K. Learned, J.G. Maricic, J. Fu, Z. Ghosh, S. Smolsky, J. Winslow, L.A. Efremenko, Y. Karwowski, H.J. Markoff, D.M. Tornow, W. Dell'Oro, S. Donnell, T.O. Detwiler, J.A. Enomoto, S. Decowski, M.P. Weerman, K.M. Grant, C. Penek, O. Song, H. Li, A. Axani, S.N. Garcia, M. Sarfraz, M. Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University Sendai980-8578 Japan Department of Human Science Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Hokkaido Obihiro080-8555 Japan The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Graduate Program on Physics for the Universe Tohoku University Sendai980-8578 Japan Graduate School of Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka560-0043 Japan Research Center for Nuclear Physics Osaka University Osaka Ibaraki567-0047 Japan Department of Physics Tokushima University Tokushima770-8506 Japan Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima770-8502 Japan Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Hawaii at Manoa HonoluluHI96822 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory DurhamNC27708 United States Physics Departments Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States North Carolina Central University DurhamNC27707 United States The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel HillNC27599 United States Center for Neutrino Physics Virginia Polytechnic Institute State University BlacksburgVA24061 United States Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Nikhef The University of Amsterdam Science Park Amsterdam Netherlands Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Halıcıoglu Data Science Institute Department of Physics University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States

We present a search for neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of 136Xe using the full KamLAND-Zen 800 dataset with 745 kg of enriched xenon, corresponding to an exposure of 2.097 ton yr of 136Xe. This updated search benefits from a more than twofold increase in exposure, recovery of photo-sensor gain, and reduced background from muon-induced spallation of xenon. Combining with the search in the previous KamLAND-Zen phase, we obtain a lower limit for the 0νββ decay half-life of T1/20ν > 3.8 × 1026 yr at 90% C.L., a factor of 1.7 improvement over the previous limit. The corresponding upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass are in the range 28–122 meV using phenomenological nuclear matrix element calculations. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Xenon

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Development of startup to gaining profit from research product on renewable energy

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2687卷

作者： Aripriharta Adim Firmansah Nandang Mufti Sujito Gwo-Jiun Horng Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Malang Indonesia Centre of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy Malang Indonesia Graduate School Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Malang Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Science Universitas Negeri Malang Indonesia Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology Tainan Taiwan

This paper introduces the strategic efforts of universities in Indonesia in marketing their research results according to government recommendations through startups with digital marketing. Products marketed range from education, equipment, and training services. Preliminary studies aimed at accelerating digital marketing traffic have been carried out in the MATLAB framework. We use the Queen honey bee colony migration (QHBM) method to accurately launch promo coupons so that they can change the tendency of ordinary visitors to become buyers. As a fair comparison, we use a moving average (MA) with the same threshold as QHBM. The simulation results show the fact that QHBM is more accurate than MA. After using the simulation results in real situations, this startup was able to achieve BEP in 6 months with an average monthly turnover of US 2,045. Based on the results of this evaluation, it was found that consumer satisfaction reached 85%, the effectiveness of digital marketing reached the level and consumer trends for renewable energy in the future reached 55%.

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The ALMA Survey of 70 μm Dark High-mass Clumps in Early Stages (ASHES). X. Hot Gas Reveals Deeply Embedded Star Formation

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Astrophysical Journal 2024年第2期963卷 163-163页

作者： Izumi, Natsuko Sanhueza, Patricio Koch, Patrick M. Lu, Xing Li, Shanghuo Sabatini, Giovanni Olguin, Fernando A. Zhang, Qizhou Nakamura, Fumitaka Tatematsu, Ken’ichi Morii, Kaho Sakai, Takeshi Tafoya, Daniel Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica No. 1 Section 2 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences 80 Nandan Road Shanghai 200030 China Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Konigstuhl 17 Heidelberg D-69117 Germany INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Largo E. Fermi 5 Firenze I-50125 Italy Institute of Astronomy National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street Cambridge 02138 MA United States Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering The University of Electro-Communications Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan Department of Space Earth and Environment Chalmers University of Technology Onsala Space Observatory Onsala SE-439 92 Sweden

Massive infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) are considered to host the earliest stages of high-mass star formation. In particular, 70 μm dark IRDCs are the colder and more quiescent clouds. At a scale of about 5000 au using formaldehyde (H₂CO) emission, we investigate the kinetic temperature of dense cores in 12 IRDCs obtained from the pilot Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Survey of 70 μm dark High-mass clumps in Early Stages (ASHES). Compared to the 1.3 mm dust continuum and other molecular lines, such as C¹⁸O and deuterated species, we find that H₂CO is mainly sensitive to low-velocity outflow components rather than to quiescent gas expected in the early phases of star formation. The kinetic temperatures of these components range from 26 to 300 K. The Mach number reaches about 15 with an average value of about 4, suggesting that the velocity distribution of gas traced by H₂CO is significantly influenced by a supersonic nonthermal component. In addition, we detect warm line emission from HC₃N and OCS in 14 protostellar cores, which requires high excitation temperatures (E _u/k ∼ 100 K). These results show that some of the embedded cores in the ASHES fields are in an advanced evolutionary stage, previously unexpected for 70 μm dark IRDCs. © 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

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