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A Voting based Assimilation Method for the Winning Neurons in Multi-Level SOM to Cluster the Convoluted Biomarkers of a Time Varying 'Omic Data 15

A Voting based Assimilation Method for the Winning Neurons i...

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15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies, ICCCNT 2024

作者： Dey, Anirban Sharma, Kaushik Das Bhattacharjee, Pritha Chatterjee, Amitava University of Calcutta Department of Applied Physics Kolkata India University of Calcutta Department of Environmental Science Kolkata India Jadavpur University Department of Electrical Engineering Kolkata India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370249

Early detection and modelling of disease development are crucial for effective healthcare. Diseases develop over time, with changes in 'omic expressions, leading to genotypic or phenotypic changes in the sample. These changes are unique to disease samples and can develop in various parts of the body and continue to grow, if not addressed in a timely fashion. However, due to the availability of a small population of very high dimensional 'omic samples, this presents a significant challenge. Thus, dimensionality reduction techniques are essential to simplify the data while preserving its core structure. This work focuses on the technique of Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), where the decomposed basis and coefficient matrices are component-wise non-negative. NMF has recently gained prominence for analyzing time-varying 'omic data and the present work uses a contemporary variant of NMF, called flexible NMF (FNMF). In a bid to effective extract differentially expressed biomarkers using NMF, this work proposes a voting based assimilation method for factorized convoluted biomarkers obtained from FNMF using a hybrid MLSOM (Hy-MLSOM) architecture. This results in an enhanced representation of the 'omic data, thereby facilitating more effective and precise disease detection. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Biomarker Identification Feature Representational Learning Microarray Data Analysis Non Negative Matrix Factorization Self-Organizing Maps

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An Integrated Optical Fiber Sensor for Simultaneous Measurement of Temperature and Salinity Based on Sagnac Loop and TFBG 22

An Integrated Optical Fiber Sensor for Simultaneous Measurem...

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22nd International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks, ICOCN 2024

作者： Liu, Yuhui Lin, Weihao Zhang, Xuming Shao, Li-Yang Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Shenzhen China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Applied Physics Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367652

In this letter, we proposed and demonstrated a dual-parameter fiber sensor for simultaneous measurement of temperature and salinity based on Tilted Fiber Bragg Grating (TFBG) and Sagnac loop (SL). Thanks to the extremely high temperature sensitivity of polarization maintaining fiber (PM F) in SL, the designed sensor has a temperature sensitivity of 1.395 nm/°C. Besides, the temperature sensitivity of the core mode in TFBG is 0.009 m/°C and the sensitivity for salinity detection equals to 0.004 nm/% within the wavelength of cladding mode range from 1534 nm to 1535 nm, achieving the measurement of temperature and salinity concurrently. The designed temperature and salinity fiber sensor has certain potential in marine environmental detection. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Polarization-maintaining fiber

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Versatile braiding of non-Hermitian topological edge states

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Physical Review B 2024年第13期110卷 134317页

作者： Bofeng Zhu Qiang Wang You Wang Qi Jie Wang Y. D. Chong Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences School of Physics School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies

Among the most intriguing features of non-Hermitian (NH) systems is the ability of complex energies to form braids under parametric variation. Several braiding behaviors, including link and knot formation, have been observed in experiments on synthetic NH systems, such as looped optical fibers. The exact conditions for these phenomena remain unsettled, but existing demonstrations have involved long-range nonreciprocal hoppings, which are hard to implement on many experimental platforms. Here, we present a route to realizing complex energy braids using one-dimensional NH Aubry-André-Harper lattices. Under purely local gain and loss modulation, the eigenstates exhibit a variety of braiding behaviors, including unknots, Hopf links, trefoil knots, Solomon links, and catenanes. We show how these are created by the interplay between non-Hermiticity and the lattice's bulk states and topological edge states. The transitions between different braids are marked by changes in the global Berry phase of the NH lattice.

关键词： Photonics Topological effects in photonic systems Topological phases of matter Microcavity & microdisk lasers Waveguide arrays Cavity resonators

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State-Space Modeling of Nonlinear Electrostatic Transducers and Experimental Characterization Using LDV 41st

State-Space Modeling of Nonlinear Electrostatic Transducers ...

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41st IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics, 2023

作者： Meng, Yuqi Niu, Xiaoyu Williams, Randall P. Vatankhah, Ehsan Liu, Zihuan Hall, Neal A. Chandra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington SeattleWA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031369988

Electrostatic speakers and ultrasound transmitters, including capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducers (CMUTs), may be thought of as systems with applied voltage as the input variable and diaphragm displacement and sound pressure as the output variables. These electrostatically actuated systems are inherently nonlinear. Electrostatic pressure is proportional to the square of the applied voltage and is inversely proportional to the cube of the time-varying diaphragm-backplate gap spacing. The squeeze film damping coefficient is also dependent on the time-varying gap spacing. For large diaphragm displacement, strain stiffening of the diaphragm can also affect the transducer dynamics. These nonlinear systems are most commonly driven in a linear regime, whereby the moving diaphragm is biased to an operating point with a large static voltage and a relatively small dynamic signal voltage is superimposed to provide actuation of the diaphragm. In recent work, we have demonstrated advantages of exploiting the full operating range of electrostatic transducers, not restricted to a linear operating regime. Our recent focus has been on using commonly available MEMS microphone structures as airborne ultrasonic projectors at frequencies of up to 100 kHz. Although designed as receivers to work in the audible range, these commercial devices are effective as ultrasound transmitters. A large dynamic input voltage is applied to force the diaphragm to traverse the full diaphragm-backplate gap, typically 2 μ m. Electrostatic pull-in,whereby the diaphragm contacts the backplate,can be exploited as a braking feature to instantaneously eliminate diaphragm ring-down and increase the bandwidth of generated waveforms. Having an accurate model for these nonlinear devices is advantageous. A state-space model based on a segmented diaphragm approach has recently been summarized in prior work. The model is suitable for time-domain simulations of the movement of the diaphragm in response to i

关键词： Diaphragms

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Enhancing perovskite solar cell efficiency through core–shell Ni@SiO2@graphene nanoparticles

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Optical and Quantum Electronics 2025年第1期57卷 1-24页

作者： Sepahvandi, Vahid Rahimi Kazerooni, Ammar Ramtinfard, Shahrzad Kakesh, Nasim Saghaei, Hamed Faculty of Physics University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran Research Institute for Applied Physics and Astronomy University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran Department of Electrical Engineering Kazeroon Branch Islamic Azad University Kazeroon Iran Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shiraz University of Technology Shiraz Iran Department of Chemistry Ahvaz Branch Islamic Azad University Ahvaz Iran Energy and Environment Research Center Shahrekord Branch Islamic Azad University Shahrekord Iran

This paper presents a perovskite solar cell with a distinctive multilayered structure, which includes an FTO anti-reflective glass layer, a TiO2 electron transport layer, a MAPbI3 perovskite absorber layer, a Spiro-OMeTAD hole transport layer, and an aluminum electrode. The core innovation lies in the absorber layer, which is embedded with core–shell Ni@SiO2@graphene nanoparticles with a 70 nm radius. This addition leads to a significant 81% increase in light absorption and a 77% rise in solar cell efficiency compared to traditional structures without nanoparticles. The study also explores the impact of nanoparticle arrangement and chemical potential adjustments, demonstrating the potential of nano-engineering to enhance solar cell performance through improved light trapping and absorption efficiency. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Perovskite

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Microscopic theory of spin Nernst effect

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Physical Review B 2024年第17期110卷 174411页

作者： Junji Fujimoto Taiki Matsushita Masao Ogata Department of Electrical Engineering Electronics and Applied Physics Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Department of Physics Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute

We present the microscopic theory of the spin Nernst effect, which is a transverse spin current directly induced by a temperature gradient, employing the linear response theory with Luttinger's gravitational potential method. We consider a generic, noninteracting electron system with randomly distributed impurities and evaluate the spin current response to the gravitational potential. Our theory takes into account a contribution of the local equilibrium current modified by Luttinger's gravitational potential and is thus consistent with the thermodynamic principle that thermal responses should vanish at absolute zero. The Ward-Takahashi identities ensure that the spin Nernst current is well-behaved at low temperatures in any order of the random impurity potentials. Furthermore, we microscopically derive the spin-current version of Mott's formula, which associates the spin Nernst coefficient with the spin Hall conductivity. The spin-current version of the Středa formula is also discussed. To demonstrate these findings, the spin Nernst current of three-dimensional Dirac electrons is computed. Our theory is general and can therefore be extended to interacting electron systems, where Mott's formula no longer holds.

关键词： Spin current Thermoelectrics Feynman diagrams Finite temperature field theory

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Effect of an inquiry-based teaching sequence on secondary school students’ understanding of wave optics

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Physical Review physics Education Research 2024年第1期20卷 010156-010156页

作者： Maja Planinic Katarina Jelicic Karolina Matejak Cvenic Ana Susac Lana Ivanjek Department of Physics Faculty of Science Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing School of Education

Wave optics is a mandatory part of Croatian secondary school physics curriculum for students in the final year of secondary school (age 18–19). Many physics education research studies have shown that it is a difficult physics topic for both university and secondary school students. An inquiry-based teaching sequence on wave optics, designed for eight 45-min teaching periods, was developed by the authors. The sequence included four investigative students’ experiments on the topics of interference, diffraction, and polarization of light, as well as several teacher demonstrations. The experimental group included six classes of students from six different Croatian urban secondary schools, who underwent the teaching intervention with the new inquiry-based sequence on wave optics, whereas the control group consisted of six classes from the same schools, taught in a predominantly lecturing way. Both groups were post-tested with the same instrument, the Conceptual Survey on Wave Optics (CSWO), to evaluate the research hypothesis that the new sequence might improve students’ conceptual understanding better than the traditional teaching. The results of the experimental and control groups were analyzed and compared using the Rasch analysis. The results show that the experimental group outperformed the control group in four out of five conceptual areas probed by the CSWO, suggesting that the new inquiry-based teaching sequence may contribute to stronger development of secondary school students’ conceptual understanding of wave optics, especially concerning typical wave optics patterns, reasoning from experiments, and explaining basic wave optics phenomena. A questionnaire on attitudes toward the teaching intervention was administered to students and it was found that students generally liked the inquiry-based teaching intervention and expressed positive attitudes to interactive, experimental, and collaborative aspects of physics teaching. The results are very promising, but the

关键词： Concepts & principles Instructional strategies Scientific reasoning & problem solving

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Strong nonlinear optical processes with extraordinary polarization anisotropy in inversionsymmetry broken two-dimensional PdPSe

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1524-1533页

作者： Song Zhu Ruihuan Duan Xiaodong Xu Fangyuan Sun Wenduo Chen Fakun Wang Siyuan Li Ming Ye Xin Zhou Jinluo Cheng Yao Wu Houkun Liang Junichiro Kono Xingji Li Zheng Liu Qi Jie Wang School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 SingaporeSingapore School of Material Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 SingaporeSingapore CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES UMI 3288Research Techno PlazaNanyang Technological University637371 SingaporeSingapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology150001 HarbinChina Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore117543 SingaporeSingapore GPL Photonics Lab State Key Laboratory of Applied OpticsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences130033 ChangchunChina School of Electronics and Information Engineering Sichuan University610064 ChengduSichuanChina School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University637371 SingaporeSingapore Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering Physics and Astronomyand Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTXUSA

Nonlinear optical activities,especially second harmonic generation(SHG),are key phenomena in inversion-symmetrybroken two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs).On the other hand,anisotropic nonlinear optical processes are important for unique applications in nano-nonlinear photonic devices with polarization functions,having become one of focused research topics in the field of nonlinear ***,the strong nonlinearity and strong optical anisotropy do not exist simultaneously in common 2D ***,we demonstrate strong secondorder and third-order susceptibilities of 64 pm/V and 6.2×10^(-19)m^(2)/V^(2),respectively,in the even-layer PdPSe,which has not been discovered in other common TMDCs(e.g.,MoS2).Strikingly,it also simultaneously exhibited strong SHG anisotropy with an anisotropic ratio of~45,which is the largest reported among all 2D materials to date,to the best of our *** addition,the SHG anisotropy ratio can be harnessed from 0.12 to 45(375 times)by varying the excitation wavelength due to the dispersion ofχ^(2)*** an illustrative example,we further demonstrate polarized SHG imaging for potential applications in crystal orientation identification and polarization-dependent spatial *** findings in 2D PdPSe are promising for nonlinear nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications.

关键词： materials anisotropy nonlinear

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Advanced Estimation of SoC and SoH for Li-Ion EV Batteries Using Soft Computing Techniques

Advanced Estimation of SoC and SoH for Li-Ion EV Batteries U...

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2024 International Conference on Innovations in Science, engineering and Technology, ICISET 2024

作者： Hamanah, Waleed M. Alam, Md. Shafiul Choudhury, Md. Shamimul Haque Abido, M.A. Applied Research Center for Metrology Standards and Testing Research and Innovation KFUPM Dhahran Saudi Arabia University of Asia Pacific Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Dhaka1205 Bangladesh International Islamic University Chittagong Department of EEE Kumira Bangladesh College of Engineering and Physics KFUPM Department of Electrical Engineering Dhahran Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355499

The transition towards battery-powered technologies, driven by environmental sustainability goals and the need to reduce reliance on finite fossil fuels, has accelerated the demand for efficient energy storage solutions. Batteries, pivotal in enabling clean energy adoption and powering electric vehicles (EVs), necessitate robust Battery Management Systems (BMSs) for optimal performance and longevity. A critical function of BMSs is the accurate estimation of State of Charge (SoC) and State of Health (SoH), which measures the remaining energy in a battery relative to its full capacity. This paper explores advanced methodologies, including machine learning (ML) techniques, for enhancing SoC estimation accuracy in lithium-ion batteries. The study evaluates several ML models - Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Feedforward Neural Networks (FNNs), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - using real-world data from controlled charging and discharging cycles. The results demonstrate that LSTM models exhibit superior performance in SoC and SoH estimation, achieving low Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) values across different operational scenarios. The research underscores the importance of model selection and data preprocessing techniques such as normalization and feature engineering in optimizing SoC and SoH estimation accuracy. Furthermore, the paper discusses the implications of battery aging and operational profiles on estimation methods and battery health monitoring. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： State of charge

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Helicity-dependent optical control of the magnetization state emerging from the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation

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Physical Review Research 2024年第1期6卷 013012-013012页

作者： Benjamin Assouline Amir Capua Institute of Electrical Engineering and Applied Physics The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem 9190401 Israel

It is well known that the Gilbert relaxation time of a magnetic moment scales inversely with the magnitude of the externally applied field, H, and the Gilbert damping, α. Therefore, in ultrashort optical pulses, where H can temporarily reach high amplitudes, the Gilbert relaxation time can momentarily be extremely short, reaching even picosecond timescales. Here we show that for strong enough ultrashort pulses, the magnetization can respond within the optical cycle such that the optical control of the magnetization emerges by merely considering the optical magnetic field in the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation. Surprisingly, when circularly polarized optical pulses are introduced, an optically induced helicity-dependent torque results. We find that the strength of the interaction is determined by η=αγH/fopt, where fopt and γ are the optical frequency and gyromagnetic ratio, respectively. Our results illustrate the generality of the LLG equation to the optical limit and the pivotal role of the Gilbert damping in the general interaction between optical magnetic fields and spins in solids.

关键词： Magnetization dynamics Magneto-optics Ultrafast magnetization dynamics

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