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Comparison of kinematics and kinetics between OpenCap and a marker-based motion capture system in cycling

Computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年第PT A期192卷 110295-110295页

作者： Kakavand, Reza Ahmadi, Reza Parsaei, Atousa Brent Edwards, W. Komeili, Amin Department of Biomedical Engineering Schulich School of Engineering University of Calgary Canada McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health University of Calgary Calgary Canada Human Performance Laboratory Faculty of Kinesiology University of Calgary Calgary Canada

This study evaluates the agreement of marker-based and markerless (OpenCap) motion capture systems in assessing joint kinematics and kinetics during cycling. Markerless systems, such as OpenCap, offer the advantage of capturing natural movements without physical markers, making them more practical for real-world applications. However, the agreement of OpenCap with a marker-based system, particularly in cycling, remains underexplored. Ten participants cycled at varying speeds and resistances while motion data were recorded using both systems. Key metrics, including joint angles, moments, and joint reaction loads, were computed using OpenSim and compared using root mean squared error (RMSE) per trial across participants, Pearson correlation coefficients (r) per trial across participants and repeated measures Bland-Altman to control trials’ dependency within subject. Results revealed very strong agreement (r > 0.9) for hip (flexion/extension), knee (flexion/extension), and ankle (dorsiflexion/plantarflexion) joint angles. Relatively high RMSE values of 10.7° (±3.0°) and 12.4° (±4.6°) were observed for left and right ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion angles, respectively, per trial across participants. Knee flexion/extension RMSE per trial across participants were 9.3° (±3.8°) and 10.2° (±4.3°) for the left and right limbs, respectively. RMSE values of hip flexion/extension, adduction/abduction and rotation were 7.9° (±2.6°), 3.2° (±1.1°) and 3° (±1.2°) for the left side. Joint reaction forces and moments exhibited moderate to very strong agreement across most degrees of freedom. The RMSE of joint reaction forces ranged from 13.7 to 37.7 %BW. The hip medial-lateral moment had a minimum RMSE of 0.19 %BW × ht, while the highest RMSE of 1.27 %BW × ht was in the knee anterior-posterior moment. Despite strong overall agreement between the systems, variability per trial across participants in RMSE suggested that OpenCap may require further refinement in specific areas. These

关键词： Mastication

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Predicting cancer content in tiles of lung squamous cell carcinoma tumours with validation against pathologist labels

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Computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 185卷 109489-109489页

作者： Dammak, Salma Cecchini, Matthew J. Coats, Jennifer Baranova, Katherina Ward, Aaron D. Baines Imaging Research Laboratory London Regional Cancer Program London Health Sciences Centre LondonON Canada School of Biomedical Engineering Western University LondonON Canada Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University LondonON Canada Department of Oncology Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University LondonON Canada Department of Medical Biophysics Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University LondonON Canada

Background: A growing body of research is using deep learning to explore the relationship between treatment biomarkers for lung cancer patients and cancer tissue morphology on digitized whole slide images (WSIs) of tumour resections. However, these WSIs typically contain non-cancer tissue, introducing noise during model training. As digital pathology models typically start with splitting WSIs into tiles, we propose a model that can be used to exclude non-cancer tiles from the WSIs of lung squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) tumours. Methods: We obtained 116 WSIs of tumours from 35 different centres from the Cancer Genome Atlas. A pathologist completed or reviewed cancer contours in four regions of interest (ROIs) within each WSIs. We then split the ROIs into tiles labelled with the percentage of cancer tissue within them and trained VGG16 to predict this value, and then we calculated regression error. To measure classification performance and visualize the classification results, we thresholded the predictions and calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: The model's median regression error was 4% with a standard deviation of 35%. At a cancer threshold of 50%, the model had an AUC of 0.83. False positives tended to be in tissues that surround cancer, tiles with © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Lung cancer

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Mechano-responsive hydrogel for direct stem cell manufacturing to therapy

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第6期24卷 387-400页

作者： Yufeng Shou Ling Liu Qimin Liu Zhicheng Le Khang Leng Lee Hua Li Xianlei Li Dion Zhanyun Koh Yuwen Wang Tong Ming Liu Zheng Yang Chwee Teck Lim Christine Cheung Andy Tay Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore117583Singapore Institute for Health Innovation&Technology National University of Singapore117599Singapore School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan University of Technology430070WuhanChina NUS Tissue Engineering Program National University of Singapore117510Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University636921Singapore School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)138648Singapore Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore119288Singapore Mechanobiology Institute National University of Singapore117411Singapore

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)is one of the most actively studied cell types due to its regenerative potential and immunomodulatory *** cell expansion methods using 2D tissue culture plates and 2.5D microcarriers in bioreactors can generate large cell numbers,but they compromise stem cell potency and lack mechanical preconditioning to prepare MSC for physiological loading expected in *** overcome these challenges,in this work,we describe a 3D dynamic hydrogel using magneto-stimulation for direct MSC manufacturing to *** our technology,we found that dynamic mechanical stimulation(DMS)enhanced matrix-integrinβ1 interactions which induced MSCs spreading and *** addition,DMS could modulate MSC biofunctions including directing MSC differentiation into specific lineages and boosting paracrine activities(e.g.,growth factor secretion)through YAP nuclear localization and FAK-ERK *** our magnetic hydrogel,complex procedures from MSC manufacturing to final clinical use,can be integrated into one single platform,and we believe this‘all-in-one’technology could offer a paradigm shift to existing standards in MSC therapy.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cell Dynamic mechanical stimulation Magnetic hydrogel Stem cell manufacturing Cell therapy

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Beyond the Scroll: Eye-Tracking Evaluations on the National Gallery of Indonesia’s Instagram 26th

Beyond the Scroll: Eye-Tracking Evaluations on the National ...

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26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024

作者： Sari, Desy Novita Prameswari, Clarissa Rahmi Anshori, Isa Master’s Program in Library Science Universitas Indonesia Kota Depok Indonesia Department of Library and Information Sciences Universitas Indonesia Kota Depok Indonesia Biomedical Engineering Department School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia National Gallery of Indonesia Central Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819608676

Eye-tracking studies focused on art galleries and museums within the realm of Instagram, especially in the Indonesian context, are notably scant. This investigation elucidates the user interaction and experience of the art gallery’s Instagram account, @galerinasional. Employing a quantitative approach, we implemented eye-tracking experiments using the well-known online eye-tracking software RealEye. The study participants were followers of the National Gallery of Indonesia’s (Galnas) Instagram profile, seven women and three men, in two age brackets: 18–24 years (n = 5) and 25–34 years (n = 5). The experimental protocol required participants to execute five tasks centered on locating exhibition details and artwork on the Galnas Instagram platform, with a duration of 100 s allocated to each task. The Participant Quality Grade (PQG), examination duration, optimal browser dimensionality, K-factor mean, gaze and fixation frequencies, and heat maps were determined for the participants. The key findings are as follows. (1) The participants’ PQG scores were predominantly between 4 and 6. (2) Investigative browsing typically exceeded the 100-s limit. (3) The consensus on the ideal browser dimensions hovered around 1,368.6 × 814.8 px. (4) The K-factor mean across participants tended toward K > 0. (5) The average gaze occurrence was 27 items per second for most participants. (6) A noticeable disparity in fixation counts was observed between the two age groups, with individuals aged 25–34 demonstrating prolonged engagement with Galnas’ content. (7) Heat maps accentuated a pronounced concentration on visual content, encompassing photographs, videos, and their associated captions. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Economic and social effects

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Direct Estimation of Pediatric Heart Rate Variability from BOLD-fMRI: A Machine Learning Approach Using Dynamic Connectivity

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Addeh, Abdoljalil Ardila, Karen Williams, Rebecca J. Pike, G. Bruce MacDonald, M. Ethan Department of Biomedical Engineering Schulich School of Engineering University of Calgary Canada Department of Electrical & Software Engineering Schulich School of Engineering University of Calgary Canada Department of Radiology Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Canada Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Canada Brain-Behaviour Research Group University of New England Australia

In many pediatric fMRI studies, cardiac signals are often missing or of poor quality. A tool to extract Heart Rate Variation (HRV) waveforms directly from fMRI data, without the need for peripheral recording devices, would be highly beneficial. We developed a machine learning framework to accurately reconstruct HRV for pediatric applications. A hybrid model combining one-dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (1D-CNN) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) analyzed BOLD signals from 628 ROIs, integrating past and future data. The model achieved an 8% improvement in HRV accuracy, as evidenced by enhanced performance metrics. This approach eliminates the need for peripheral photoplethysmography devices, reduces costs, and simplifies procedures in pediatric fMRI. Additionally, it improves the robustness of pediatric fMRI studies, which are more sensitive to physiological and developmental variations than those in *** Codes 68T07 (Primary), 92C55, 62P10 (Secondary) © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Functional Peptide-Loaded Gelatin Nanoparticles as Eyedrops for Cornea Neovascularization Treatment

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International Journal of Nanomedicine 2023年 18卷 1413-1431页

作者： Chu, Ya-Chun Fang, Hsu-Wei Wu, Yu-Yi Tang, Yu-Jun Hsieh, Erh-Hsuan She, Yizhou Chang, Che-Yi Lin, I-Chan Chen, Yin-Ju Liu, Guei-Sheung Tseng, Ching-Li Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei City Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Miaoli County Taiwan School of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan Department of Ophthalmology Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei City Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan Center for Precision Medicine and Translational Cancer Research Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei City Taiwan Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital East Melbourne VIC Australia Ophthalmology Department of Surgery University of Melbourne East Melbourne VIC Australia Menzies Institute for Medical Research University of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia Research Center of Biomedical Device College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan

Background: Corneal neovascularization (NV) is a process of abnormal vessel growth into the transparent cornea from the limbus and can disturb the light passing through the cornea, resulting in vision loss or even blindness. The use of nanomedicine as an effective therapeutic formulation in ophthalmology has led to higher drug bioavailability and a slow drug release rate. In this research, we designed and explored the feasibility of a new nanomedicine, gp91 ds-tat (gp91) peptide-encapsulated gelatin nanoparticles (GNP-gp91), for inhibiting corneal angiogenesis. Methods: GNP-gp91 were prepared by a two-step desolvation method. The characterization and cytocompatibility of GNP-gp91 were analyzed. The inhibition effect of GNP-gp91 on HUVEC cell migration and tube formation was observed by an inverted microscope. The drug retention test in mouse cornea was observed by in vivo imaging system, fluorescence microscope, and DAPI/TAMRA staining. Finally, the therapeutic efficacy and evaluation of neovascularization-related factors were conducted through the in vivo corneal NV mice model via topical delivery. Results: The prepared GNP-gp91 had a nano-scale diameter (550.6 nm) with positive charge (21.7 mV) slow-release behavior (25%, 240hr). In vitro test revealed that GNP-gp91 enhanced the inhibition of cell migration and tube formation capacity via higher internalization of HUVEC. Topical administration (eyedrops) of the GNP-gp91 significantly prolongs the retention time (46%, 20 min) in the mouse cornea. In chemically burned corneal neovascularization models, corneal vessel area with a significant reduction in GNP-gp91 group (7.89%) was revealed when compared with PBS (33.99%) and gp91 (19.67%) treated groups via every two days dosing. Moreover, GNP-gp91 significantly reduced the concentration of Nox2, VEGF and MMP9 in NV’s cornea. Conclusion: The nanomedicine, GNP-gp91, was successfully synthesized for ophthalmological application. These data suggest that GNP-gp91 contain

关键词： control release corneal neovascularization eye drops gelatin gp91 peptide nanoparticles ocular retention

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Hyperspectral Time-Resolved Compressive Sensing Spectroscopy for Monitoring Cytochrome-c-Oxidase and Blood Oxygenation 15

Hyperspectral Time-Resolved Compressive Sensing Spectroscopy...

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Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy of Tissue XV 2023

作者： Li, Natalie C. Ioussoufovitch, Seva Diop, Mamadou School of Biomedical Engineering Western University London Canada Dept. of Medical Biophysics Western University London Canada Imaging Program Lawson Health Research Institute London Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781510658578

Time-resolved (TR) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a promising technique for neuromonitoring, but there are currently very few TR-NIRS devices with the spectral range and resolution needed for accurate monitoring of cerebral blood oxygenation (StO2) and metabolism (cytochrome-c-oxidase;oxCCO). Here we present a hyperspectral TR compressive sensing spectrometer with a wide spectral range, high spectral resolution, and no afterpulsing. A homogeneous blood-yeast phantom experiment was performed to evaluate the spectrometer’s ability to monitor StO2 and oxCCO with and without compression. The effect of using a 90% compression rate on the recovered changes in deoxyhemoglobin (Hb), oxyhemoglobin (HbO), and oxCCO concentrations was investigated. No meaningful differences were found between concentration changes recovered from uncompressed and compressed data, with mean differences of 0.16 ± 0.20 µM, -0.25 ± 0.21 µM, and -0.04 ± 0.10 µM for Hb, HbO, and oxCCO, respectively. The results show that changes in oxCCO and StO2 can be reliably monitored with a high compression rate. Future work will compare the performance of the TR spectrometer with that of a continuous-wave spectrometer to assess accuracy and will investigate the sensitivity of the device to oxCCO and StO2 changes in the bottom compartment of a 2-layer tissue-mimicking phantom. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Near infrared spectroscopy

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Characterization of Electroencephalography (EEG) Responses to Musical Stimuli 3

Characterization of Electroencephalography (EEG) Responses t...

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3rd International Congress of biomedical engineering and Bioengineering, CIIBBI 2024

作者： Rojas Tocora, Angelica Maria Muller, Oliver Orjuela-Canon, Alvaro D. Ortiz, Victor A. Universidad Del Rosario - Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería Biomedical Engineering Program Julio Garavito D.C. Bogota Colombia School of Medicine and Health Sciences Universidad Del Rosario D.C. Bogota Colombia Unversidad Tecnologica de Pereira Engineering Faculty Pereira Colombia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532352

This study investigates the effects of different musical genres on electroencephalographic (EEG) responses in healthy subjects. The EEG technique was analyzed for five different music styles, such as classical, rock, jazz, vallenato, and urban, and in this way, to determine the influence in brainwave patterns. For instance, classical music was linked to alpha brainwave patterns associated with relaxation, while genres like rock and reggaeton are associated with beta patterns, indicating of concentration and mental activity. The study also explores how intrinsic factors such as musical lyrics and individual differences like musical training and preferences impact brain activity. Findings suggest that music can evoke strong emotional responses and activate different brain regions depending on the genre and individual factors. This complexity underscores the importance of considering personal and cultural aspects in understanding the neural dynamics of musical experiences. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electrophysiology

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Retinal oxygen extraction during systemic hypoxia assessed with laser-speckle flowgraphy and retinal oximetry

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ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA 2025年第S284期103卷

作者： Pai, Viktoria Lindner, Theresa Janku, Patrick Schmetterer, Leopold Schmidl, Doreen Garhofer, Gerhard Department of Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore Singapore Duke-NUS Medical School Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Singapore Singapore SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering (STANCE) Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel Switzerland School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore

Aims/Purpose: Retinal oxygen extraction has been found to be altered in several ocular and systemic diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma or neurodegenerative diseases. However, measurement techniques for the assessment of retinal oxygen extraction are limited because most of them are based on time-consuming and custom-built devices. In the present pilot study, we assessed retinal oxygen extraction during systemic hypoxia with a combination of two commercially available devices: Laser-Speckle Flowgraphy (LSFG) and retinal oximetry. Methods: Retinal blood flow and retinal oxygen saturation were measured in each vessel around the optic nerve head at the same position. Arterial and venous oxygen content was estimated from the measured retinal oxygen saturation parameters and the difference between these two parameters was calculated (cO 2 , DIFF ). By using mean vessel flow rate (MV) for retinal blood flow and cO 2 , DIFF , retinal oxygen extraction was determined. For each healthy study participant, baseline measurement and measurement during inhalation of 88% nitrogen in 12% oxygen were performed. Results: Ten (10) healthy subjects (4 females, 6 males) with a mean age of 27 ± 3 years were included in this study. During systemic hypoxia, a significant decrease in arterial oxygen content occurred ( p = 0.046) while venous oxygen content did not change, leading to a decrease in cO 2 , DIFF . As expected, this was accompanied by a significant increase in MV ( p = 0.014). No change in retinal oxygen extraction was observed (46 ± 8 a.u. at baseline vs. 46 ± 5 a.u. during hypoxia, p = 0.997). Conclusions: Breathing of 88% nitrogen in 12% oxygen caused a significant decrease in retinal arterial oxygen content. This was compensated by an increase in retinal blood flow in order to keep retinal oxygen extraction constant. This was physiologically expected, and these findings are consistent with the literature. Therefore, the presented approach for measurement of reti

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Development of an integrated 3D ABUS system with needle biopsy capabilities and combined 3D ABUS-MRI-guided needle biopsy

Development of an integrated 3D ABUS system with needle biop...

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Medical Imaging 2025: Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and Modeling

作者： Aziz, Amal Park, C.K. Ico, M. Bax, J. Tessier, D. Gardi, L. Kacen, M.G. Crivellaro, P. Kornecki, A. Fenster, A. School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Western University LondonON Canada Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics Department of Radiation Oncology Brigham and Women's Hospital Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Department of Medical Biophysics Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University LondonON Canada Imaging Research Laboratories Robarts Research Institute LondonON Canada Department of Medical Imaging Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University LondonON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781510685949

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, with two million diagnoses and 685,000 annual deaths. Breast needle biopsy is the primary method to definitively confirm a breast cancer diagnosis, which is guided typically by ultrasound. However, operator-dependence makes ultrasound-guided needle biopsies difficult to perform. Moreover, for women with dense breast tissue or suspicious lesions that are not visualized well under ultrasound, MRI-guided breast needle biopsies are recommended instead. However, the MRI-based biopsy procedure is inaccessible in some centers, costly, and highly time-consuming. To address these challenges, we developed a 3D automated breast ultrasound (3D ABUS) system, compatible with any commercial ultrasound probe, to facilitate breast needle biopsy procedures, with an integrated needle biopsy mechanism. Our integrated system consists of an MRI-compatible 3D-printed wearable base and compression subassembly, and a motorized linear ultrasound scanner. We evaluated the 3D ABUS-MRI image registration capabilities of our system using a custom breast phantom. The integrated system displayed high accuracy in lesion localization, with mean target registration error (TRE) and fiducial localization error (FLE) of 0.45 mm and 0.31 mm, respectively. These results confirm the system's effectiveness in co-localizing lesions in MRI and 3D ABUS modalities. This advancement in integrating 3D ABUS with breast needle biopsy offers a more cost-effective and accessible solution, potentially improving breast biopsy procedure workflow and patient experience, particularly in women with dense breasts. © 2025 SPIE

关键词： Biopsy

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