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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 1993年第12期15卷 1312-1318页

作者： NACKEN, PFM Center for Math. & Comput. Sci. Amsterdam Netherlands

This correspondence presents a metric for describing line segments. This metric measures how well two line segments can be replaced by a single longer one. This depends for example on collinearity and nearness of the line segments. The metric is constructed using a new technique using so-called neighborhood functions. The behavior of the metric depends on the neighborhood function chosen. In this correspondence, an appropriate choice for the case of line segments is presented. The quality of the metric is verified by using it in a simple clustering algorithm that groups line segments found by an edge detection algorithm in an image. The fact that the clustering algorithm can detect long linear structures in an image shows that the metric is a good measure for the groupability of line segments.

关键词： CLUSTERING FUNCTION SPACES IMAGE ANALYSIS LINEAR STRUCTURE LINE SEGMENTS METRIC TOKEN

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THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF GRAY-LEVEL MORPHOLOGY

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 1991年第6期13卷 568-582页

作者： HEIJMANS, HJAM Centre for Math. & Comput. Sci. Amsterdam Netherlands

Originally, math.matical morphology has been developed for binary images and extensively uses set-theoretic operations such as union, intersection, and set complement. Furthermore, translation plays a major role in classical morphology. Later, the theory has been extended to gray-level images. Here one must distinguish between two particular classes of morphological operators, those which are invariant under gray-level translations, and those which are not. This paper presents a detailed study of morphological operators on the space of gray-level functions. It is shown how one can use binary morphological operators and thresholding techniques to build a large class of gray-level morphological operators. Particular attention is given to the class of so-called flat operators, i.e., operators which commute with thresholding. It is also shown how to define dilations and erosions with nonflat structuring elements if the gray-level set is finite. Surprisingly, merely truncation yields wrong results.

关键词： DILATION EROSION FLAT OPERATOR GRAY-LEVEL FUNCTION math.MATICAL MORPHOLOGY THRESHOLD SUPERPOSITION PRINCIPLE TRANSLATION-INVARIANCE UMBRA

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Migrating from mobile telephony to multipurpose gadgets

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IEEE MULTIMEDIA 2003年第2期10卷 8-11页

作者： Nack, F Dept. of Math. & Comput. Sci. CWI Amsterdam Netherlands

If you asked people 20 years ago what they could do with their phone, they would have simply said, "Call people". Today, a reply would not be that short and easy. The transformations this device has undergone over the last two decades are tremendous. The mobile phone has evolved into a sleek multifuncational marvel. However, the versatile new models are not as good as the old ones when it comes to clear reception. Also, mobile phones' additional functions eat up battery life, so there is less talk time. The author looks at how mobile telephoning has turned into mobile media-based information exchange and the turmoil this transformation has caused.

关键词： mobile handsets cellular radio multimedia communication technological forecasting mobile telephony media-based information exchange second generation mobile phone first generation mobile phone third generation mobile phone single-user entert Mobile phones gadgets Battery Life cellular radio mobile communication Technological forecasting

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THE MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF IMAGES - THE DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS OF MORPHOLOGICAL SCALE-SPACE

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 1994年第11期16卷 1101-1113页

作者： VANDENBOOMGAARD, R SMEULDERS, A Fac. of Math. & Comput. Sci. Amsterdam Univ. Netherlands

In this paper we introduce a class of nonlinear differential equations that are solved using morphological operations. The erosion and dilation act as morphological propagators propagating the initial condition (original image in comput.r vision terminology) into the ''scale-space,'' much like the Gaussian convolution is the Propagator for the linear diffusion equation. Analysis starts in the set domain, resulting in the description of erosions and dilations in terms of contour propagation. We show that the structuring elements to be used must have the property that at each point of the contour there is a well-defined and unique normal vector. Then given the normal at a point of the dilated contour we can find the corresponding point (point-of-contact) on the original contour. In some situations we can even link the normal of the dilated contour with the normal in the point-of-contact of the original contour. The results of the set domain are then generalized to grey value images. The role of the normal is replaced with the function gradient. The same analysis also holds for the erosion. Using a family of increasingly larger structuring functions we are then able to link infinitesimal changes in grey value (resulting from the use of an infinitesimally larger structuring function) with the gradient in the image. The obtained differential equations bear great resemblance to the nonlinear differential equation, Burgers' equation, describing the propagation of a shock-wave. In the discussion we indicate that the results of this paper provide the theoretical basis to analyze morphological scale-space in much greater depth.

关键词： Differential equations Transforms Nonlinear equations Morphological operations comput.r vision Terminology Convolution Vectors Morphology Partial differential equations INSPEC: Controlled Indexing comput.tional geometry math.matical morphology image processing nonlinear differential equations INSPEC: Non-Controlled Indexing function gradient morphological structure set domain morphological scale-space nonlinear differential equations erosions dilations contour propagation grey value images

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DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF A CURRENT-MODE MULTIPLE-VALUED PLA BASED ON A RESONANT-TUNNELING TRANSISTOR MODEL

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-CIRCUITS DEVICES AND SYSTEMS 1994年第6期141卷 445-450页

作者： DENG, X HANYU, T KAMEYAMA, M Dept. of Comput. & Math. Sci. Tohoku Univ. Sendai Japan

The investigation of the device functions required from the systems point of view is important to the development of the next generation of actual devices. In this paper, a resonant tunnelling transistor (RTT) model is defined. The current-voltage characteristic of the model can have multiple peaks, and the widths of each peak and valley can be set to any value. A multiple-valued universal literal (MVUL) circuit using the RTT model is presented as a basic building block in a multiple-valued programmable logic array (MVPLA). An MVPLA structure based on MVUL, AND, MIN, and linear sum operators is proposed for the implementation of multiple-valued systems. Since the MVUL circuit is designed using only one transistor, and the other basic building blocks are implemented by simple current-mode circuits, the proposed MVPLA becomes very compact. The layouts and SPICE simulations show that the proposed MVPLA is superior to other types of PLA in terms of size, delay and dynamic power dissipation if the RTT model is realised by an actual device.

关键词： MULTIPLE-VALUED PLA UNIVERSAL LITERAL RESONANT TUNNELING TRANSISTOR CURRENT-MODE CIRCUIT MULTIPLE-VALUED INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

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MULTIPLE-VALUED LOGIC NETWORK USING QUANTUM-DEVICE-ORIENTED SUPERPASS GATES AND ITS MINIMIZATION

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-CIRCUITS DEVICES AND SYSTEMS 1995年第5期142卷 299-306页

作者： DENG, X HANYU, T KAMEYAMA, M Dept. of Comput. & Math. Sci. Tohoku Univ. Sendai Japan

A superpass-transistor (SPT) model is presented as a quantum-device candidate for future VLSI systems based on multiple-valued logic (MVL). A conceptual SPT structure based on the ideas of a lateral-resonant-tunnelling quantum-dot transistor (LQT) and a heterostructure FET is described. An important feature of the SPT is its capability of MVL signal detection and generation. A superpass gate (SP gate) corresponding to a single SPT is defined and is demonstrated to be a universal logic module for implementing highly compact multiple-valued VLSI systems. An algorithm suitable for synthesising minimal series-parallel SP-gate networks for MVL functions with many variables is proposed. The network allows both constants and variables as its pass inputs;accordingly, upsilon-subfunctions, where upsilon can be a constant or a variable, are defined. SP implicants, SP subimplicants and the consensus between SP subimplicants are also defined. The algorithm first generates all prime SP subimplicants from upsilon-subfunctions by using the consensus operation, then derives all prime SP implicants by using the implication operation, and finally selects an optimal set of prime SP implicants to cover the function by using existing methods.

关键词： LOGIC SYNTHESIS MULTIPLE-VALUED LOGIC QUANTUM DEVICES SUPERPASS GATES SUPERPASS IMPLICANTS VERY LARGE-SCALE INTEGRATED SYSTEMS

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ISSUES IN THE DESIGN OF A LOGIC SIMULATOR - AN IMPROVED CACHING TECHNIQUE FOR EVENT-QUEUE MANAGEMENT

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-CIRCUITS DEVICES AND SYSTEMS 1995年第5期142卷 293-298页

作者： BROWN, AD NICHOLS, KG ZWOLINSKI, M Dept. of Comput. & Math. Sci. Tohoku Univ. Sendai Japan

The paper describes certain issues relevant to the development of a logic simulation engine, designed to be incorporated into a mixed-signal simulator. Usually, the rate-limiting process in any mixed-signal simulation is the analogue processing but, for systems with a significant asymmetry between logic and analogue components, the efficiency of the logic engine can obviously become important. A technique is reported for improving both the space and time complexity of the logic engine: a method of event-queue searching using multiple cache pointers. Experimental results show that about five cache pointers provide the optimum efficiency gain from this technique. Finally, problems of event-queue management are reviewed, with particular reference to the situation where simulation time is represented by a real number, as it must be in a mixed-signal environment.

关键词： LOGIC SIMULATORS EVENT QUEUE MANAGEMENT

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PARALLEL SORTING IN A RING NETWORK OF PROCESSORS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON comput.RS 1989年第3期38卷 458-464页

作者： HONG, YC PAYNE, TH Dept. of Math. & Comput. Sci. California Univ. Riverside CA USA

A parallel implementation of selection sorting algorithms is presented that uses a ring-connected array of processors, in which each processor has the same amount of memory. The scheme allows all processors to have the same amount of memory with a small fragmentation loss. Uniformity in the size of the memories provides advantages from the viewpoint of manufacture, maintenance, inventory, item placement, and many other aspects of system design. These memories can, together, function as an interleaved memory for a general-purpose comput.r. Hence, it is possible to build a medium-scale system in which parallel-sort is implemented as a primitive, like block-move, without a large increment in hardware complexity and cost. An analysis is presented that shows how to improve performance by overlapping comparisons with memory accesses and how to achieve performance improvement by applying carry-look-ahead techniques to comparison

关键词： Parallel Sorting Ring Network Of Processors Parallel Implementation Selection Sorting Algorithms Ring Connected Array Manufacture Maintenance Inventory Item Placement Performance Improvement Carry Look Ahead Techniques comput.r Networks Sorting

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SINGULARITY EXPONENTS FOR COMPLEMENTARY SECTORS

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 1991年第16期27卷 1484-1485页

作者： BOERSMA, J Dept. of Math. & Comput. Sci. Eindhoven Univ. of Technol. Netherlands

By use of the Babinet principle it is proved that the electric singularity exponent for a conducting plane sector is identical to the magnetic singularity exponent for the complementary sector.

关键词： ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD THEORY ELECTROMAGNETISM math.MATICAL TECHNIQUES

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AN ALGORITHM FOR THE NUMERICAL INVERSION OF LAPLACE TRANSFORMS

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INVERSE PROBLEMS 1989年第6期5卷 1089-1095页

作者： KWOK, YK BARTHEZ, D Dept. of Math. & Comput. Sci. San Jose State Univ. CA USA

A new algorithm for the numerical inversion of Laplace transforms is presented. The algorithm requires that transform values F(z) are available at arbitrary points in the complex z plane. It involves the approximation of the exponential function estin the inversion integral by a two-parameter function. The approximated inversion integral is then expanded into two different infinite series: (i) partial fraction expansion by the Mittag-Leffler theorem; (ii) power series expansion in est. In the numerical procedures, the summing of the infinite series are accelerated by a Wynn's type of in -algorithm. Trial runs on several test functions show that the results are highly accurate. The programming effort for the algorithm is minimal in comparison with other algorithms of comparable accuracy. The comput.tion involves only a finite small number of function evaluations of the transform function. The method is believed to work for a wider range of functions since the algorithm does not make any assumption on representing f(t) by a linear combination of a certain class of basis functions.

关键词： math.matical Transformations

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