检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Operating speed profiles and the ship design cycle

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2005年第3期117卷 79-85页

作者： Surko, S Osborne, M CDR. Stephen W. Surko USN (ret.) is serving as a principal member of the technical staff of Noesis Inc. He graduated with distinction from the United States Naval Academy in 1982 with a bachelor of science in ocean engineering. Serving as a division officer aboard USS Elliot (DD 967) he enjoyed two WESTPAC deployments and qualified as a surface warfare officer. He completed postgraduate studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1988 receiving master of science degrees in naval architecture and marine engineering and mechanical engineering. He earned his professional engineer's license in 1989. Subsequent tours of duty have included: personnel exchange program with Canada's Directorate General Maritime Engineering and Maintenance Philadelphia Naval Shipyard Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division Ship Systems Engineering Station Naval Sea Systems Command Chief of Naval Operations Land Attack Warfare Division and Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division. Steve Surko is an active member of the U.S. Naval Institute and ASNE

One key, but little documented and empirically supported, input in the ship design cycle is the expected operating speed profile. This real-world constraint affects many decisions regarding bull form and power systems, from fuel tanks to main propulsion and ship's service machinery selection and operation. These decisions, in turn, ripple through the design of a ship in ways that are often bard to discern, but clearly impact acquisition and life cycle costs. Recent studies of DDG 51 operating speed profiles demonstrate that the Navy regularly operates with speed profiles considerably different than used to design the ship. In general, warships operate in standard engine order telegraph increments (e.g., Ahead 2/3) and at lower speeds than designed for.

关键词： Ships

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Achieving dimensional stability using functional fillers

Achieving dimensional stability using functional fillers

引用

46th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference

作者： Weyer, Wayne C. Cross, William M. Henderson, B. Kellar, Jon J. Kjerengtroen, Lidvin Welsh, Jeffry Starkovich, John South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City SD 57701 United States Air Force Research Laboratory Space Vehicles Directorate Kirtland AFB NM 87117 United States Northrop-Grumman Space Technologies Redondo Beach CA 90278 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering 501 E. St. Joseph St. United States Materials Engineering and Science Program 501 E. St. Joseph St. United States Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering 501 E. St. Joseph St. United States Integrated Structural Systems Bldg. 472 3550 Aberdeen Ave SE United States NGST Structures and Mechanisms Product Center Mail Stop R4-2112 One Space Park

Several materials exhibiting negative coefficients of thermal expansion have recently been identified. Such materials incorporated as filler in a polymer matrix should result in a composite with reduced, if not zero, expansion when exposed to elevated temperatures. One such filler material, ZrW 2O8, has a highly negative coefficient of thermal expansion and its cubic structure leads to isotropic thermal behavior. Consequently, Zr2WO8 was investigated as functional filler for polymer matrices, with the goal being improved dimensional stability of the filled system. The choice of polymeric matrix material is also crucial when seeking dimensional stability, and fabrication of a useful end product. In this regard, several aerospace grade epoxies along with a novel cyanate ester resin were investigated. The dynamic mechanical properties along with thermal behavior of the filled systems were compared. A cyanate ester/ZrW2O 8 system exhibited the lowest coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and consequently was investigated in most detail. Cylindrical samples of the cyanate ester/ZrW2O8 system were molded and cured per schedule. The ZrW2O8 particles were allowed to settle at their natural rate. Thus, the final samples contained various weight percentages and sizes of ZrW2O8. The sectioned samples allowed investigation of filler percent and how it impacts overall CTE. Decreases in CTE of ∼80% are reported for samples containing ∼82 wt% ZrW 2O8. The lowest value observed for composite CTE was 2.8 ppm/K at 32 °C for a sample having 83% zirconium tungstate, which had been subject to one temperature cycle. Copyright © 2005 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fillers

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

National science foundation Earthquake Engineering Research Centers

National science foundation Earthquake Engineering Research ...

引用

2001 Structures Congress and Exposition, Structures 2001

作者： Pauschke, Joy Preston, Lynn Division of Civil and Mechanical Systems National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard Arlington VA 22230 United States ERC Program Team Division of Engineering Education and Centers National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard Arlington VA 22230 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0784405581

In 1997, the National science Foundation (NSF) funded three Earthquake Engineering Research Centers (EERCs) to focus on earthquake hazard mitigation through systems-oriented research, education and outreach, and industrial/practitioner/end user collaboration and technology transfer. Collectively receiving about one third of the total annual funding in NSF's earthquake engineering research portfolio, the three EERCs enable cross-disciplinary, cross-institutional teams of faculty and students to work collaboratively, in partnership with industry, practitioners and other end users, over a long-term period, on science, engineering, and societal research issues related to earthquake hazard mitigation. This paper presents an overview of the key features of the EERCs and their individual and collaborative efforts. © 2004 ASCE.

关键词： Earthquake engineering

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Doe's effort to reduce truck aerodynamic drag - joint experiments and computations lead to smart design

Doe's effort to reduce truck aerodynamic drag - joint experi...

引用

34th AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit 2004

作者： McCallen, Rose C. Salari, Kambiz Ortega, Jason M. DeChant, Larry J. Hassan, Basil Roy, Christopher J. Pointer, W. David Browand, Fred Hammache, Mustapha Hsu, Tsun-Ya Leonard, Anthony Rubel, Mike Chatalain, Philippe Englar, Robert Ross, James Satran, D. Heineck, James T. Walker, Stephen Yaste, D. Storms, B. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA 94551 United States Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM 87185-0825 United States Auburn University Auburn AL 36849 United States Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 United States University of Southern California LosAngeles CA 90089-1191 United States Georgia Tech Research Institute Atlanta GA 30332 United States NASA Ames Research Center Moffet Field CA 94035 United States Center for Applied Scientific Computing P.O. Box 808 L-98 United States New Technologies Engineering Division P.O. Box 808 L-644 United States Aerosciences and Compressible Fluid Mechanics Dept. PO Box 5800 MS 0825 United States Aerospace Engineering Dept. 211 Aerospace Engineering Bldg United States Nuclear Engineering Division NE-208 United States Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering MS 1191 United States Engineering and Applied Science 1200 East California Blvd. MC 301-46 United States Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories 1200 East California Blvd. MC 205-45 United States Aerospace Transportation and Advanced Systems Code 0844 United States Systems Analysis Branch MS 260-1 United States Aeronautical Projects and Program Office MS 260-1 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781624100314

At 70 miles per hour, overcoming aerodynamic drag represents about 65% of the total energy expenditure for a typical heavy truck vehicle. The goal of this US Department of Energy supported consortium is to establish a clear understanding of the drag producing flow phenomena. This is being accomplished through joint experiments and computations, leading to the 'smart' design of drag reducing devices. This paper will describe our objective and approach, provide an overview of our efforts and accomplishments, and discuss our future direction. © 2004 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.

关键词： Aerodynamic drag

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of Surface Roughness and Maximum Load on the mechanical Properties of Cancellous Bone Measured by Nanoindentation

引用

MRS Online Proceedings Library 2004年第1期823卷 W8.5.1-W8.5.6页

作者： Donnelly, Eve Baker, Shefford P. Boskey, Adele L. van der Meulen, Marjolein C. H. Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell University Ithaca USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University Ithaca USA Musculoskeletal Integrity Program Hospital for Special Surgery New York USA Department of Biochemistry Weill Medical College of Cornell University New York USA Graduate Program in Physiology Biophysics and Systems Biology Weill Medical College of Cornell University New York USA

Nanoindentation was used to assess the mechanical properties of lamellar and interlamellar tissue in dehydrated rabbit cancellous bone. The effects of surface roughness and maximum nanoindentation load on the measured mechanical properties were examined in two samples of differing surface roughness using maximum loads ranging from 250-3000 μN. As the ratio of indentation depth to surface roughness decreased below approximately 3:1, the variability in material properties increased substantially. At low loads, the indentation modulus of the lamellar bone was approximately 20% greater than that of the interlamellar bone, while at high loads the measured properties of both layers converged to an intermediate value. Relatively shallow indentations made on smooth surfaces revealed significant differences in the properties of lamellar and interlamellar bone that are consistent with microstructural observations of lamellar bone as more mineralized than interlamellar bone.

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Monitoring the navy's strategic reserve of ozone-depleting substances

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2002年第4期114卷 95-104页

作者： Smith, DE Breslin, DA Toms, GS Norton, P DENNIS E. SMITH PH.D. is currently a statistical consultant for GEO-CENTERS INC. He received a B.A. in Mathematics (magna cum laude)from Wabash College and an M.S. in mathematics an M.S. in statistics and a Ph.D. in statistics from the University of Wisconsin. From November 1973 until February 1999 he was president and principal statistician at Desmatics Inc. where he participated in a number of studies involving the application of statistical methods to various technical problems in the Navy's environmental-protection and auxiliary-machinery programs. Dr. Smith was instrumental in developing the statistical procedures underlying the Navy's ODS reserve monitoring plan. DAVID A. BRESLIN P.E. is the director of technical operations for the Naval Surface Warfare Center and chairs the ASNE/SNAME Joint Committee on Environmental Engineering. He received a master of science in aerospace engineering from Virginia Tech a master of engineering administration in industrial and systems engineering from Virginia Tech and a bachelor of engineering in mechanical engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology. From 1993 to 1997 he was the program manager of the Naval Sea Systems Command's CFC and Halon Elimination Program and played a critical role in establishing the Navy's strategic reserve of ozone-depleting substances. Because of his many efforts he received a Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award in 1995 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in recognition of “exceptional contributions to global environmental protection”. GREGORY S. TOMS P.E. is the CFC &Halon Elimination Program Manager for the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). He received a master of science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Maryland and a B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from West Virginia University. From 1984 to 1997 he was employed at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division Annapolis Detachment (formerly David Taylor Research Center)where he worked on the development of advanced cent

The domestic production of the most powerful ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) has permanently ceased and the abundant supplies of a number of refrigerants, fire-fighting agents, and solvents, once taken for granted, are now a thing of the past. The Navy has adopted a successful strategy for addressing the threat posed by the unavailability of ODSs. That strategy includes relying on a strategic reserve of ODSs. Considering that the strategic reserve will play a critical role in sustained Fleet operations into the middle of the century, it is important to record the history of the reserve and to document lessons learned in order to educate future generations that may face similar challenges. This is the third of three papers that cover all aspects of the Navy's strategic reserve of ODSs. Breslin (1999) documented the history of the Navy's effort to size, establish, and monitor a reserve designed to support Fleet operations until the middle of the century. Breslin, Smith, and Toms (2000) addressed in detail the process used to estimate the required size of the reserve, including the survey method, statistical analyses, and sizing algorithms. This paper discusses the Navy's plan for monitoring the Navy's strategic reserves of ODSs and describes the methods used in the monitoring process. In particular it discusses the underlying assumptions and statistical techniques associated with the Navy's prediction of the expected drawdown of the reserves. A comparison of actual data, collected since the strategic reserves began operations in 1995, with the predicted reserve drawdown, is included in the paper.

关键词： Marine engineering

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A statistical method for estimating the life expectancy of certain shipboard equipment

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2002年第1期114卷 27-32页

作者： Smith, DE Breslin, DA Toms, GS DENNIS E. SMITH PH.D. is a statistical consultant for Geo-Centers Inc. He received a B.A. in mathe-matics (magna cum laude) from Wabash College and an M.S. in mathematics an M.S. in statistics and a Ph.D. in statistics from the University of Wisconsin. From November 1973 until February 1999 he was President and Principal Statistician at Desmatics Inc. where he participated in a number of studies involving the application of statistical methods to various technical problems in the Navy's environmental-protection and auxiliary-machinery programs. Dr. Smith was instrumental in developing the statistical procedures underlying the Navy's ODS reserve monitoring plan. DAVID A. BRESLIN P.E. is the Director of Technical Operations for the Naval Surface Warfare Center and is the chairperson of ASNE's Committee on Environmental Engineering. He received a master of science degree in aerospace engineering from Virginia Tech a master of engineering administration in indus-trial & systems engineering from Virginia Tech and a bachelor of engineering in mechanical engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology. From 1993 to 1997 he was the program manager of the Naval Sea Systems Command's CFC & Halon Elimination Program and played a critical role in establishing the Navy's strategic reserve of ozone-depleting substances. Because of his many efforts he received a Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award in 1995 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in recogni-tion of “exceptional contributions to global environmental protection”. GREGORY S. TOMS P.E. is the CFC & Halon Elimination Program Manager for the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). He received a master of science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Maryland and a B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from West Virginia University. From 1984 to 1997 he was employed at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division Annapolis Detachment (formerly David Taylor Research Center) where he worked on the development of advanced cent

This paper reviews an inexpensive statistical-sampling methodology that can be used to determine the attrition rates of certain types of shipboard equipment. The methodology relies on surveys that are conducted in conjunction with regularly scheduled ship visits over a period of time and a statistical analysis of the survey results. The statistical technique allows for reasonably accurate estimates to be made of attrition rates. The specific example cited in this paper is related to galley-type refrigeration equipment, such as salad chillers, beverage dispensers, et cetera. In the case of galley-type refrigeration equipment, the Navy needs to know whether the Fleet's inventory of equipment relying on Class I Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODSs) will be replaced through natural attrition by the end of fiscal year (FY) 2005, at which time supplies of ODS-based refrigerants will no longer be available for use by ship galleys. This paper outlines the process used to gather data, the analysis of the data, and concludes that the Navy's inventory of galley equipment using Class I ODSs will be replaced through natural attrition by the end of FY05. The methodology reviewed by this paper has wider applications. For various types of shipboard equipment, the methodology can also be used to estimate with reasonable accuracy life expectancies, configurations, conditions, and other items of interest.

关键词： Ship equipment

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Navy's CFC & Halon elimination program

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2000年第1期112卷 91-112页

作者： Toms, GS Breslin, DA Brunner, GP Thill, JC Gregory S. Toms RE:is the CFC & Halon Elimination Program Manager for the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). He received a master of science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Maryland and a B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from West Virginia University. From 1984 to 1997 he was employed at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division Annapolis Detachment (formerly David Taylor Research Center) where he worked on the development of advanced centrifugal compressor air conditioning plants for shipboard applications. He received the Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award in 1998 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in recognition of his exceptional leadership and technical achievements in eliminating ozone-depleting substances from Navy ships. He is licensed as a registered Professional Engineer in the state of Texas. David A. Breslin P.E.:is the Director of Technical Operations for the Naval Surface Warfare Center and is the Chairperson of the ASNE Committee on Environmental Engineering. He received a master of science in aerospace engineering from Virginia Tech in 1991 a master of engineering administration in industrial & systems engineering from Virginia Tech in 1991 and a bachelor of engineering in mechanical engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology in 1985. From 1993 to 1997 he was the program manager of the Naval Sea Systems Command's CFC & Halon Elimination Program. Because of his many efforts he received a Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award in 1995 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in recognition of “exceptional contributions to global environmental protection”. Gregory P. Brunner:was employed by the Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center and Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) from 1983 until 1997. From 1993 to 1997 he served as the R&D program manager for the NAVSEA CFC & Halon Elimination Program Office. Program efforts resulted in the development of new refrigerants for backfit into existing shipboard air-conditioning

The domestic production of the most powerful Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODSs) has permanently ceased and the abundant supplies of a number of inexpensive refrigerants, fire-fighting agents, and solvents, once taken for granted, are now a thing of the past. The Navy's original strategy of conserving ODSs, converting systems and processes where feasible, relying on strategic reserves where necessary, and developing "ozone-friendly" equip ment for new-design surface ships and submarines is succeeding. The purpose of this paper is to document the Navy's efforts to date relative to combating the threat to uninterrupted Fleet operations posed by the cessation of ODS production. Specifically, this paper addresses the Navy's shipboard conversion programs for air-conditioning and refrigeration (AC&R) systems, the development of next-generation AC&R systems, the selection of halon substitutes for new-construction fire-fighting systems, and the Navy's alternative to CFC-113 in the cleaning of critical oxygen systems.

关键词： conversion program Ozone depleting substances trichlorotrifluoroethane GRANTS fire fighting strategic reserves Solvents oxygen systems Submarine Halons

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Sizing the navy's strategic reserve of ozone-depleting substances

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2000年第6期112卷 17-25页

作者： Breslin, DA Smith, DE Toms, GS [?]1David A. Breslin P.E. is the Director of Technical Operations for the Naval Surface Warfare Center and is the Chairperson of ASNE'S Committee on Environmental Engineering. He received a master of science degree in aerospace engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI) a master of engineering administration degree in industrial and systems engineering from VPI and a bachelor of engineering degree in mechanical engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology. From 1993 to 1997 he was the program manager of the Naval Sea Systems Command'S CFC & Halon Elimination Program and played a critical role in establishing the Navy'S strategic reserve of ozone-depleting substances. Because of his many efforts he received a Stratospheric Ozone Protection Award in 1995 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in recognition of “exceptional contributions to global environmental protection”.

The domestic production of the most powerful Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODSs) has permanently ceased and the abundant supplies of a number of refrigerants, fire-fighting agents, and solvents, once taken for granted, are now a thing of the past. ne Navy has adopted a successful strategy for addressing the threat posed by the unavailability of ODSs. That strategy includes relying on a strategic reserve of ODSs. Considering that the strategic reserve will play a critical role in sustained fleet operations well into the next century, it is important to record the history of the reserve and to document lessons learned in order to educate future generations that may be faced with similar challenges. This is the second of three papers that will cover all aspects of the Navy's strategic reserve of ODSs. The first paper documented the history of the Navy's effort to size, establish, and monitor a reserve designed to support fleet operations until-the middle of the next century (1). This paper addresses in detail the process used to estimate the required size of the reserve, including the survey method, statistical analyses, and sizing algorithms. The third paper will discuss the development of the plan for monitoring the reserve including the control mechanisms, regression methods, and statistical-process-control techniques (2).

关键词： Survey Methodology Fleet management Refrigerants Ozone depleting substances strategic reserves

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in aircraft carrier life cycle cost analysis for acquisition and ownership decision-making

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2000年第3期112卷 97-110页

作者： Chewning, IM Moretto, SJ Irvin M. Chewning:is currently the Director of the Aircraft Carrier Cost Estimating and Industrial Analysis Group of the Naval Sea Systems Command. Over the past four years Mr. Chewning has guided the cost analysis effort for the new CVNX class aircraft carrier through a three-part analysis of alternatives and is currently steering it towards Milestone I in June of 2000. In 1999 the CVNX cost analysis team was presented the NAVSEA Association of Scientists and Engineers “outstanding team achievement” award for its work on the CVNX analysis of alternatives. Mr. Chewning's professional career includes over 16 years as an employee of Newport News Shipbuilding as a Pipe Fitter Piping Systems Designer Piping Systems Engineer and Cost Engineer. He has worked at the Naval Sea Systems Command since 1980 as a Senior Cost Analyst Branch Head and Deputy Division Director of the Cost Estimating and Analysis Division. He has preformed cost analysis work for virtually all USN combatant programs including submarines cruisers destroyers frigates and aircraft carriers. He also performed the cost analysis work for the OSD evaluation of the Israeli Naval Modernization Program in the 1980's. Mr. Chewning is also Chairman of the NATO Specialist Team on Ship Costing a subgroup of the NATO Naval Group Six on Ship Design. Under his leadership two Allied Naval Engineering Publications have been completed in the 1990's: ANEP-41 on Ship Costing and ANEP-49 on Ways to Reduce Costs of Ships. In 1999 the NATO Specialist Team on Ship Costing completed a paper titled “Manpower Reduction and the Use of Commercial Standards and Practices to Reduce Costs of Ships.” The result of this work will be incorporated in a future revision of the aforementioned ANEFs. Mr. Chewning is a graduate of North Carolina State University with a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering. Mr. Chewning has also completed courses at the University of Virginia and Christopher Newport University Mr. Chewning is a graduate of the Program Management College

The U.S. Navy recently conducted an analysis of alternatives (AOA) to set the stage for determining the characteristics and acquisition strategy for its next generation aircraft carrier. The platform design selected is expected to be in service throughout the 21st century. The parameters under consideration for change in the new carrier design lie in the areas of propulsion and electric power generation, aviation, survivability, service life, and total ownership cost (TOC) reduction. The issue of affordability is paramount This paper focuses on the need for the program management office and its supporting cost analysis staff to understand the life cycle cost (LCC) of the existing and proposed future aircraft carriers and to then translate these LCC's into meaningful information for cost-conscious decision making. The challenge is to relate the LCC in terms the key decision-makers and the engineering team can use to satisfy their respective roles. Thus, it is necessary to translate the results of the given ship design alternative LCC's into the paradigms of the respective stakeholders: Fleet User (operators of aircraft carriers) Ship Designers (translators of the fleet operator requirements) program Sponsors (providers of the funding resources) program Management Office, Ship builder and Supporting Industry (executors of the acquisition and construction of the ship) Navy and OSD decision-makers (overseers of program execution) The paper describes the aircraft carrier LCC breakdown structure that has resulted, in part, from a recent navy/shipbuilder integrated product team effort to capture total ownership costs. The structure has been used in the AOA as a tool to identify cost drivers and to add the time element to the cast equation in order to perform return on investment and program affordability analysis. The expanded ship work breakdown structure (ESWBS) has emerged as the central backbone of the cost work breakdown for AOA work. The ESWBS structure is a natural

关键词： Aircraft carriers

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：