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Engineering for global development: Characterizing the discipline through a systematic literature review

Engineering for global development: Characterizing the disci...

ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, IDETC-CIE 2020

作者： Burleson, Grace Austin, Jesse-Breneman Design Science Program Integrated Systems and Design University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Global Design Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791884010

Over the past 50 years, researchers have repeatedly proposed the establishment of a new interdisciplinary engineering field in Engineering for Global Development (EGD), whose analytical tools and design processes result in positive social impacts and poverty alleviation in a global development context. Within each discipline and research area, a growing body of work has sought to systematically create scientific knowledge in this area. However, a recent network analysis of Human-Centered Design plus Development research indicates that sub-communities are not collaborating at a high level and therefore the overall research agenda may lack cohesion. This paper presents a descriptive analysis of EGD research within mechanical engineering along four dimensions through a systematic literature review and secondary data analysis. Results from the review and a Latent Dirichlet Allocation model indicate EGD work in mechanical engineering draws upon research methodologies from a number of other fields and has low levels of consensus on technical terminology. These results suggest consensus in the broader interdisciplinary EGD field should be examined. Copyright © 2020 ASME.

关键词： Statistics

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Folding angle and wing flexibility influence the flight performance of origami winged fruits

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Nonlinear Dynamics 2024年第13期112卷 10995-11011页

作者： Cai, Jing-Fang Hsu, Ya-Chun Yen, Yu-Chen Lee, Yun-Chung Peyton, Bernie Huang, Mei-Jiau Yu, Hon-Tsen Juang, Jia-Yang Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Department of Life Science National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Berkeley CA United States Program in Nanoengineering and Nanoscience Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Degree Program of Genome and Systems Biology National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan

Winged fruits possess a unique flight mechanism relying on simple geometric structures rather than neuromuscular control. This study proposes an innovative approach using origami techniques to create three-winged model fruits, serving as a proxy for understanding the flight dynamics of natural winged fruits. Paper is employed to simulate inherent wing flexibility, with the option to add plastic frames for rigidity. We comprehensively investigate the free fall motion of both rigid and flexible winged fruits through experimental and numerical analyses. Velocity–time curves reveal a three-stage descent pattern—acceleration, deceleration, and steady states. The overshoot phenomenon is attributed to rapid lift increase due to leading-edge vortices attaching stably to the wings. This insight sheds light on aerodynamics governing fruit flight. Compared with rigid wings, flexible wings exhibit two key properties—slower descent and higher self-orienting capability—that facilitate a more stable and longer-distance dispersal of seeds under crosswind conditions. Our study demonstrates the potential benefits of flexible wings in natural seed distribution. This study advances our understanding of winged fruit flight dynamics, utilizing origami as a powerful tool for biomimetic investigations. The findings have broad implications, from improving aerodynamic designs to developing efficient micro air vehicles and electronic microfliers, and understanding seed dispersal evolution. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.). © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.

关键词： Fruits

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EXERGETIC ANALYSIS OF A SOLAR ENERGY-BASED HYDROGEN PRODUCTION SYSTEM 23

EXERGETIC ANALYSIS OF A SOLAR ENERGY-BASED HYDROGEN PRODUCTI...

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23rd World Hydrogen Energy Conference: Bridging Continents by H2, WHEC 2022

作者： Akci, Hilal Gunerhan, Huseyin Hepbasli, Arif Ege University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science Mechanical Engineering Program Bornova Izmir35100 Turkey Ege University Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Bornova Izmir35100 Turkey Yasar University Faculty of Engineering Department of Energy Systems Engineering Bornova Izmir35100 Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9786250008430

In this study, energy, exergy and sustainability analyses are performed for a solar energy-based hydrogen production system, which is modeled with TRNSYS and Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software packages. This system consists of solar photovoltaic panels (PVs), a controller, an electrolyzer, a metal hydride hydrogen tank used for hydrogen production and storage, and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) for electricity storage. Dead state temperature is taken as 0 ºC. The results revealed that the PEMFC had the highest energy efficiency of 53.28%. Exergy efficiencies of the solar PV panel, the electrolyzer and the PEMFC were determined to be 9.66%, 60% and 29.39%, respectively. The exergetic sustainability index of the electrolyzer had the maximum value of 2.501. © 2022 Proceedings of WHEC 2022 - 23rd World Hydrogen Energy Conference: Bridging Continents by H2. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen production

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Mechanistic modeling of copper corrosions in data center environments

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 483-492页

作者： Rui Zhang Jianshun Zhang Roger Schmidt Jeremy L.Gilbert Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering and Computer ScienceSyracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA Buildings and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37830USA SyracuseCoE-New York Center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems Syracuse University727 E.Washington StreetSyracuseNY13244USA Department of Bioengineering Clemson UniversityClemson-Medical University of South Carolina Bioengineering ProgramCharlestonSC29425USA

Air-side economizers are increasingly used to take advantage of“free-cooling”in data centers with the intent of reducing the carbon footprint of ***,they can introduce outdoor pollutants to indoor environment of data centers and cause corrosion damage to the information technology *** evaluate the reliability of information technology equipment under various thermal and air-pollution conditions,a mechanistic model based on multi-ion transport and chemical reactions was *** model was used to predict Cu corrosion caused by Cl_(2)-containing pollutant *** also accounted for the effects of temperature(25℃and 28℃),relative humidity(50%,75%,and 95%),and *** also identified higher air temperature as a corrosion barrier and higher relative humidity as a corrosion accelerator,which agreed well with the experimental *** average root mean square error of the prediction was 13.7Å.The model can be used to evaluate the thermal guideline for data centers design and operation when Cl_(2)is present based on pre-established acceptable risk of corrosion in data centers’environment.

关键词： chloride pollutant mixture copper corrosion model data center temperature relative humidity synergistic effect

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Characteristic study on the optimization of micro pin-fin heat sink with staggered arrangement

Characteristic study on the optimization of micro pin-fin he...

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作者： John, T.J. Mathew, B. Hegab, H. College of Engineering and Science Louisiana Tech University Ruston LA 71272 United States Micro and Nano Systems Track College of Engineering and Science LA Tech. Ruston LA 71272 United States Mechanical Engineering Program College of Engineering and Science LA Tech. Ruston LA 71272 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781600867453

The effect of the Pin-fin shapes on the overall performance of the micro Pin-fin heat sink with staggered arrangement is studied in this paper. Six different shapes of micro Pin-fins, square, rectangle, circle, rhombus, triangle and ellipse are subjected to study in this paper. The optimization processes are carried out using computer simulations performed using COVENTORWARE™. The study is carried out over a range of Reynolds number ranging from 50 to 500 and a figure of merit term (FOM) consisting of both the thermal resistance and the pumping power is developed for the overall performance evaluation of different models. A weighted average scheme is used for developing the FOM term. The results of the study revealed that at low values of Reynolds numbers (Re200) rectangle showed the best performance. © 2010 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.

关键词： Reynolds number

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Development of High-Speed Laser Absorption Scattering (HS-LAS) System for Measuring Vapor and Liquid Phase Concentration Distributions in Evaporating Diesel Spray 10

Development of High-Speed Laser Absorption Scattering (HS-LA...

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10th International Conference on Modeling and Diagnostics for Advanced Engine systems, COMODIA 2022

作者： Ray, Samir Chandra Naito, Shinichiro Safiullah Andersson, Mats Nishida, Keiya Ogata, Yoichi Sasaki, Hiroyasu Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan Department of Mathematics Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University Gopalganj Bangladesh Mechanical Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg Sweden Nac Image Technology Inc. Japan

The fundamental concept of the LAS technique is to understand the fuel concentration by attenuation of both visible and ultraviolet light. The intensity of visible light is only attenuated by the scattering of droplets, while that of ultraviolet light is attenuated by the scattering of droplets and the absorption of vapors. The conventional LAS uses the ND: YAG pulse laser, CCD cameras and one shot for one spray, which takes time and effort. Moreover, temporal variation measurement of a single shot spray is not possible by the conventional LAS. To record the distribution of the whole vapor phase in an injection event and measure the liquid and vapor concentration inside the spray, a high-speed laser absorption scattering (HS-LAS) technique was developed applying continuous diode light source, high-speed video cameras, and image intensifier for UV light, which can provide the temporal variation of a single shot spray. In the experiment, a commercial seven-hole injector with a hole diameter of 0.123 mm allowing high injection pressure up to 100 MPa was used to avoid the potential inconsistencies with single-hole test injector. The diesel surrogate fuel which consists of 97.5 % n-tridecane and 2.5 % of volume-based 1-methylnaphthalene was used. The injection amount 5.0 mg/hole were selected to investigate the structure and mixture formation process of the spray. The findings of the experiments show that this imaging approach is a promising diagnostic technique for concurrently obtaining quantitative information on the quantity of vapor and droplets in a fuel spray. Furthermore, the turbulent/vortex fluid dynamics' temporal development/variation can be investigated. © 2022 by the Japan Society of mechanical Engineers All rights reserved.

关键词： Diesel engines

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Responsiveness Improvement of Idling Speed Control for Automotive Using SMC

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2009年第5期2卷 309-315页

作者： Yang ZHANG Nobuo KURIHARA Hiroyuki YAMAGUCHI Doctor of Science Program in Mechanical Systems Hachinohe Institute of Technology Graduate School of Engineering Hachinohe Institute of Technology Department of System and Information Hachinohe Institute of Technology

To improve the responsiveness of engine speed control to disturbances, robust controls were investigated by simulation. The intake air control system of a gasoline engine is a typical nonlinear system, and the disturbances and parameter perturbations are generally regarded as being the unstable factors with regard to engine control. In this paper, a Mean-Value Engine Model (MVEM) with disturbances and parameter perturbations is investigated using Sliding Mode Control (SMC), which is a form of variable structure control, with a view to address instability in the idle speed control process. The simulation results confirmed that, compared with a conventional PI (Proportional-Integral) controller, the stability of the idle speed for an engine that is being subjected to disturbances, parameter variations and background noise is greatly improved by the application of SMC.

关键词： Gasoline Engine Intake Air Control Sliding Mode Control Simulation

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EEG analysis for surprise in VR traffic environment 15

EEG analysis for surprise in VR traffic environment

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15th Asia-Pacific Workshop on Mixed and Augmented Reality, APMAR 2023

作者： Tayama, Yuto Kameda, Yoshinari Master’s program in Intelligent and Mechanical Interacion Systems University of tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennoudai Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8573 Japan Center for Computational Science University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennoudai Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8573 Japan

On the assessment of user experience in VR traffic environments, a method to evaluate the mental state of subjects is required to measure the effects of dynamic events in the traffic environments. EEG is one of the promising devices for measuring the subject mental status. We propose to analyze EEG responses against traffic scenes, including traffic accidents, for the evaluation of the surprise feelings of subjects in VR traffic environments by a set of HMD and an EEG device. Throughout the experiments, we examined whether EEG can evaluate subjects’ emotional states in response to the events in VR space. Three traffic scenes and 10 subjects were prepared for the experiment. The EEG analysis was made on beta frequency band power related to surprise response. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Accidents

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Integrating artificial neural networks and cluster analysis to assess energy efficiency of buildings

Integrating artificial neural networks and cluster analysis ...

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IIE Annual Conference and Expo 2014

作者： Aqlan, Faisal Ahmed, Abdulaziz Srihari, Krishnaswami Khasawneh, Mohammad T. Industrial and System Engineering Program Department of Mechanical Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New Haven West HavenCT06516 United States Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering State University of New York at Binghamton BinghamtonNY13902 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780983762430

Energy consumption of buildings worldwide has steadily increased over the past couple of decades. Furthermore, energy performance of buildings is one of the factors that contribute to energy waste and its perennial adverse impact on the environment. This paper presents a data mining approach for assessing the heating and cooling requirements of residential buildings. The proposed approach combines Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and cluster analysis to assess and predict the heating and cooling energy efficiency of residential buildings. The ANN-based model uses eight input variables (i.e., relative compactness, surface area, wall area, roof area, overall height, orientation, glazing area, and glazing area distribution) to predict both the heating and cooling loads of residential buildings. Buildings are then clustered based on the output variables using the K-means clustering method. The proposed approach is used to assess and evaluate 768 diverse residential buildings based on simulated literature data. The research results showed that the proposed approach can effectively predict the heating and cooling requirements of residential buildings based on the input variables considered with a very high level of accuracy.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Machining processes for sapphire wafers: A literature review

Machining processes for sapphire wafers: A literature review

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作者： Li, Z.C. Pei, Z.J. Funkenbusch, P.D. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Greensboro NC 27411 United States Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan KS United States Materials Science Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Hajim School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Rochester NY United States

Sapphire wafers are widely used as the substrates for fabricating GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The quality of LEDs depends directly on the quality of the sapphire wafers. A series of machining processes is required to turn sapphire barstock into wafers with the desired geometry and surface quality. This paper reviews the literature on various machining processes for sapphire wafers: slicing (including outer diameter cut-off grinding, inner diameter cut-off grinding, loose abrasive multi-wire sawing, fixed abrasive slicing, and fixed abrasive multi-wire sawing), flattening (including lapping and grinding), and surface finishing (including mechanical polishing and chemical mechanical polishing). New machining technologies are also introduced.

关键词： Grinding (machining)

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