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19th International Congress for Photogrammetry and remote sensing, ISPRS 2000

作者： Schroeder, M. Müller, R. Reinartz, P. Dinguirard, M. Poutier, L. Briottet, X. German Aerospace Center DLR Remote Sensing Technology Institute Image Science P.O. Box 11 16 Wessling82234 Germany ONERA/DOTA 2 avenue Édouard Belin France

The homogeneous test site of La Crau (South of France) was used for radiometric calibration of the MOMS-camera onboard the Russian MIR-Station and of the HRV/HRVIR cameras on the SPOT-01 and SPOT-04 satellites. The test site has an extention of approx. 400 m x 400 m and is composed of bare soil and pebbles. For the spectral characterisation of the test site reflectance measurements with field spectrometers as well as multispectral images with airborne instruments from low flight altitude were obtained. To determine atmospheric optical parameters the ground irradiance of the sun was measured during the time the space cameras passed over the test site. With the measured reflectances and atmospheric parameters the 6S-radiation transfer model was used to calculate the spectral radiance reaching the space cameras. The paper describes the measuring techniques and discusses the calibration results. © 2000 International Society for Photogrammetry and remote sensing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cameras

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Coral reefs: a multi-scale approach to monitoring their composition and dynamics

Coral reefs: a multi-scale approach to monitoring their comp...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and remote sensing (IGARSS)

作者： S.R. Phinn D.T. Neil K.E. Joyce W. Ahmad Biophysical Remote Sensing Group Department of Geographical Sciences & Planning University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia Faculty of Science Information Technology and Education Northern Territory University Darwin Australia

Effective use of remotely sensed data requires a conceptual understanding or model of the attributes of that environment that control the reflection, absorption and transmission of electromagnetic radiation (EMR). This model needs to be developed at a number of spatial scales and for imagery acquired from various regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Coral reefs have, as yet, not been studied in this way. A complicating factor is that spatial variations of water depth and water quality prevent normalisation of image data to allow accurate mapping, estimation of biophysical properties and change detection. Another factor is the geometry and scale of reef feature variation, especially in relation to the vertical orientation and location of photosynthetic and productive components. The aim of this paper is to present a conceptual model for extracting multi-temporal biophysical information from remotely sensed data of coral reefs. The model is applicable from the scale of micro-algae and polyps, to individual coral heads, reefs and reef ecosystems, and is intended to provide a basis for 'scaling-up' fine scale measurements to cover larger areas and longer time periods. Model development and testing involved reviews of relevant literature coupled with field spectrometer and pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometer data, airborne multispectral and hyperspectral image data, and satellite multispectral data from the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia.

关键词： Electromagnetic modeling Electromagnetic radiation Water Pulse modulation remote monitoring Electromagnetic reflection Electromagnetic wave absorption Electromagnetic spectrum Geometry Data mining

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Parameterization of the optical properties of sulfate aerosols

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2000年第1期534卷 601-604页

作者： J. Li S. Schmitt J. G. D. Wong J. S. Dobbie P. Chylek Canadian Center For Climate Atmospheric Environment Service University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada Canadian Center For remote Sensing Natural Resources Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada Atmospheric Science Program Department of Physics Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada Atmospheric Science Program Departments of Physics and Oceanography Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada

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Evaluation of vector winds observed by NSCAT in the seas around Japan

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Journal of Oceanography 2000年第5期56卷 495-505页

作者： Masuko, Harunobu Arai, Kohei Ebuchi, Naoto Konda, Masanori Kubota, Masahisa Kutsuwada, Kunio Manabe, Teruko Mukaida, Akira Nakazawa, Tetsuo Nomura, Atsushi Shibata, Akira Tahara, Yoshihiko Communications Research Laboratory Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications Koganei Tokyo 184-8795 4-2-1 Nukui-kita-machi Japan Department of Information Science Saga University Saga 840-8502 1 Honjo Japan Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Aoba Sendai 980-8578 Japan Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan School of Marine Science and Technology Tokai University Shimizu Shizuoka 424-8610 3-20-1 Orido Japan Climate and Marine Department Japan Meteorological Agency Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 100-8122 1-3-4 Otemachi Japan Remote Sensing Technology Center of Japan Minato-ku Tokyo 106-0032 1-9-9 Roppongi Japan Meteorological Research Institute Tsukuba 305-0052 1-1 Nagamine Japan Forecast Department Japan Meteorological Agency Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 100-8122 1-3-4 Otemachi Japan National Space Development Agency of Japan Minato-ku Tokyo 106-0032 1-9-9 Roppongi Japan

In order to validate wind vectors derived from the NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT), two NSCAT wind products of different spatial resolutions are compared with observations by buoys and research vessels in the seas around Japan. In general, the NSCAT winds agree well with the wind data from the buoys and vessels. It is shown that the root-mean-square (rms) difference between NSCAT-derived wind speeds and the buoy observations is 1.7 ms^-1, which satisfies the mission requirement of accuracy, 2 ms^-1. However, the rms difference of wind directions is slightly larger than the mission requirement, 20°. This result does not agree with those of previous studies on validation of the NSCAT-derived wind vectors using buoy observations, and is considered to be due to differences in the buoy observation systems. It is also shown that there are no significant systematic trends of the NSCAT wind speed and direction depending on the wind speed and incidence angle. Comparison with ship winds shows that the NSCAT wind speeds are lower than those observed by the research vessels by about 0.7 ms^-1 and this bias is twice as large for data observed by moving ships than by stationary ships. This result suggests that the ship winds may be influenced by errors caused by ship's motion, such as pitching and rolling.

关键词： NSCAT remote sensing Scatterometer Surface wind vectors

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Texture features for land cover change detection at 250 m resolution-an application of machine learning feature subset selection

Texture features for land cover change detection at 250 m re...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and remote sensing (IGARSS)

作者： J.C.-W. Chan R.S. DeFries Xiwu Zhan Chengquan Huang J.R.G. Townshend Laboratory for Global Remote Sensing Studies Department of Geography University of Maryland College Park USA Department of Geography and Earth System Interdisciplinary Science Center University of Maryland College Park USA USGSIEROS Data Center Raytheon Information Technology and Scientific Services USA Department of Geography and Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park USA

Texture measures have been widely studied in addition to spectral features to characterize land cover type. Texture measures can be used to update land cover maps and enhance classification accuracy. Most previous studies have focussed only on fine resolution data such as Landsat, SPOT and Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery. Texture analysis at coarser resolution (250 m) has not been investigated because data are only beginning to become available with the launch of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). To meet the need of global change research, the MODIS instrument is planned to provide global coverage at 250 m resolution in the red and infrared bands. Early warning of human-induced land cover changes, such as urbanization and deforestation, is expected from MODIS. This paper examines whether texture analysis at this scale would be useful for detecting changes. There are at least two issues in using texture analysis: 1) which texture measures should be used, and 2) what window size is most appropriate for capturing textures. In this study we test a large number of texture measures and window sizes on MODIS data simulated from Landsat data using the data mining technique of feature selection.

关键词： MODIS Image resolution Satellites remote sensing Image texture analysis Size measurement Synthetic aperture radar Image analysis Instruments Testing

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JERS INSAR DEM quality assessment for a boreal test site

JERS INSAR DEM quality assessment for a boreal test site

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and remote sensing (IGARSS)

作者： P.B.G. Dammert U. Wegmuller Department of Radio and Space Science Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden GAMMA Remote Sensing AG Muri bei Bern Switzerland

Two JERS-1 differential interferograms were analyzed over a boreal test site with forests in northern Sweden. Although the 44-day repeat-orbit, the coherence was adequate to generate one JERS-1 DEM. The RMS error was ... 详细信息

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar interferometry Quality assessment Testing L-band Layout Adaptive filters Filtering Image resolution Space technology Spaceborne radar

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Application of remote sensing technology for land use/land cover change analysis

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Journal of the Indian Society of remote sensing 1999年第2期27卷 123-128页

作者： Jaiswal, Rajeev Kumar Saxena, Rajesh Mukherjee, Saumitra NNRMS ISRO Headquarters Dept. of Space Bangalore - 560 094 Antariksh Bhavan New BEL Road India Remote Sensing Application Centre M.P. Council of Science and Technology Bhopal - 462 004 India School of Environmental Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi - 110 067 India

Land use/land cover changes over a period of 30 years were studied using remote sensing technology in a part of Gohparu block, Shahdol district of Madhya Pradesh. Land use/ land cover maps were prepared by visual interpretation of two period remotely sensed data. Post-classification comparison technique was adopted for this purpose. The loss of vegetation cover was estimated to be 22 percent and 14 percent of the land was found to have been tranformed into wasteland between 1967 and 1996. Overall rate of change was found to be 1.8 percent per year during this period.

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Study of rainfall distribution and groundwater flow using the Cl- ion and stable isotopes on a volcanic island in Japan

IAHS-AISH Publication

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IAHS-AISH Publication 1999年第258期 175-181页

作者： Machida, Isao Shindo, Shizuo Grad. Sch. of Science and Technology Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-0022 Japan Ctr. of Environmental Remote Sensing Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263-0022 Japan

Using the stable isotope and water quality method, we investigated groundwater movement in Hachijojima Island, a volcanic island located about 290 km south of Tokyo Bay, Japan. Rain samples for analyses of oxygen-18 and Cl- were collected by 20 evenly distributed precipitation collectors during a one-year period (April 1997-April 1998), with a sampling interval of 45 days. A hydrological survey was carried out, and more than 50 groundwater and surface water samples were also collected. We found: (a) Cl- in springs is a suitable tracer for groundwater study in this island;however, we could not estimate recharge area using oxygen-18 because the altitude effect (of precipitation isotope) is small;(b) Cl- concentration in springs and well water was more than 2 times higher than Cl- concentration of precipitation;we could not calculate the recharge area, comparing Cl- concentration in precipitation with that in groundwater;(c) groundwater quality is classified into several groups, which reflect the different groundwater flow processes.

关键词： Hydrology

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Estimation of rice field area using two-date Landsat TM images in Korea

Estimation of rice field area using two-date Landsat TM imag...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and remote sensing (IGARSS)

作者： Suk-Young Hong Kyu-Sung Lee Sang-Kyu Rim Kil-Ung Kim Remote sensing Laboratory Soil Management Division National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Suwon South Korea Department of Geoinformatic Engineering Inha University Incheon South Korea Department of Agronomy Kyungpook National University Taegu South Korea

To estimate the area of rice crop fields in central part of Korean peninsula, two sets of Landsat TM data were obtained during the growing season of May 31, 1991 (transplanting stage) and August 19, 1991 (heading stage). Four different methods were applied: (1) comparison of vegetation indices, (2) maximum likelihood classification, (3) unsupervised classification based on ISODATA algorithm, and (4) the same unsupervised classification with different number of clusters. For the classification methods, ten bands of image data that include TM band 3, 4, 5, RVI, and wetness were extracted from each data set. Accuracy of area estimating was assessed by using topographic maps and field collected data using GPS. All four methods were very effective for extracting the area of rice fields using two-dates TM data with accuracy ranging from 82% to 95%. In particular, the simple comparison of vegetation indices and DN values was relatively easy and fast to process the digital data to estimate the rice crop fields as compared to the classification methods.

关键词： Satellites remote sensing Vegetation mapping Soil Crops Data mining Maximum likelihood estimation Government technology management Engineering management

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In situ experiments on water infiltration in sand dunes traced by temperature

IAHS-AISH Publication

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IAHS-AISH Publication 1999年第258期 151-157页

作者： Tang, Changyuan Shindo, Shizuo Sakura, Yosuo Machida, Isao Grad. Sch. of Science and Technology Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263 Japan Ctr. for Environ. Remote Sensing Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263 Japan Faculty of Sciences Chiba University 1-33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263 Japan

Knowledge of the mechanisms of water infiltration in sand dunes and wadis is the key to understanding the hydrological conditions in arid and semiarid regions. In order to trace infiltration processes in sand dunes, two sites were chosen in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. An artificial rainfall infiltration experiment was conducted at one site. The other was left in its natural state. The variations in temperature between the sites were compared with soil water tension as well as soil water content at the same depths. Field observations showed that the temperature of the sand dune at the experimental site was more greatly affected by air temperature than that at the natural site, which means that the temperature distribution in the sand dune is closely related to the water content. The vertical distribution of temperature correlated well with the water movement in the sand dune, from which the average velocity of infiltration has been estimated as 3 cm h-1. The results showed that water infiltration in sand dunes is not continuous but stepped, and suggested the possibility of tracing water movement in sand dunes using temperature.

关键词： Hydrology

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