Computational models of acoustic wave propagation are frequently used in transcranial ultrasound therapy, for example, to calculate the intracranial pressure field or to calculate phase delays to correct for skull dis...
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Molecular lines are powerful diagnostics of the physical and chemical properties of the interstellar medium (ISM). These ISM properties, which affect future star formation, are expected to differ in starburst galaxies...
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Most of the arsenic (As) removal methods remove the major part of the other ions in water, especially anions which are important for general water quality measures. However, the efficiency of selective removal is deci...
Most of the arsenic (As) removal methods remove the major part of the other ions in water, especially anions which are important for general water quality measures. However, the efficiency of selective removal is decided on the basis of competitive ions and their concentrations, removal capacity and required water quality parameters. To reduce the waste and energy use for water treatment , selective As removal and easy separation of adsorbent materials and produced water is a basic need. Although As removal is efficient, if the material cannot be easily separated, additional energy and high-tech instruments are required, which increase the energy use and cost of the operation. Another major characteristic of a sustainable selective As removal method is regeneration and re-use capability. The number of cycles that can effectively remove As determine the capacity of re-use. With increased re-use capacity, waste generation can be significantly reduced as well as the energy use.
Cell segmentation is a critical step for quantitative single-cell analysis in microscopy images. Existing cell segmentation methods are often tailored to specific modalities or require manual interventions to specify ...
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Transport properties of porous media are intimately linked to their pore-space microstructures. We quantify geometrical and topological descriptors of the pore space of certain disordered and ordered distributions of ...
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Transport properties of porous media are intimately linked to their pore-space microstructures. We quantify geometrical and topological descriptors of the pore space of certain disordered and ordered distributions of spheres, including pore-size functions and the critical pore radius δc. We focus on models of porous media derived from maximally random jammed sphere packings, overlapping spheres, equilibrium hard spheres, "quantizer" sphere packings, and crystalline sphere packings. For precise estimates of the percolation thresholds, we use a strict relation of the void percolation around sphere configurations to weighted bond percolation on the corresponding Voronoi networks. We use the Newman-Ziff algorithm to determine the percolation threshold using universal properties of the cluster size distribution. The critical pore radius δc is often used as the key characteristic length scale that determines the fluid permeability k. A recent study [Torquato. Adv. Wat. Resour. 140,103565 (2020)] suggested for porous media with a well-connected pore space an alternative estimate of k based on the second moment of the pore size hδ2i, which is easier to determine than δc. Here, we compare δc to the second moment of the pore size hδ2i, and indeed confirm that, for all porosities and all models considered, δc2 is to a good approximation proportional to hδ2i. However, unlike hδ2i, the permeability estimate based on δc2 does not predict the correct ranking of k for our models. Thus, we confirm hδ2i to be a promising candidate for convenient and reliable estimates of the fluid permeability for porous media with a well-connected pore space. Moreover, we compare the fluid permeability of our models with varying degrees of order, as measured by the τ order metric. We find that (effectively) hyperuniform models tend to have lower values of k than their nonhyperuniform counterparts. Our findings could facilitate the design of porous media with desirable transport properties via target
It is well accepted that an outward Marangoni convection from a low surface tension region will make the surface depressed. Here, we report that this established perception is only valid for thin liquid films. Using s...
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Cryptography is the science and art of maintaining the security of messages when messages are sent from one place to another. One of the ways securing the form of text message information is by the encryption process ...
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Using the Subaru/FOCAS IFU capability, we examine the spatially resolved relationships between gas-phase metallicity, stellar mass, and star-formation rate surface densities (Σ★ and ΣSFR, respectively) in extremely...
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Many aspects of human and animal interaction, such as the frequency of contacts of an individual, the number of interaction partners, and the time between the contacts of two individuals, are characterized by heavy-ta...
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Many aspects of human and animal interaction, such as the frequency of contacts of an individual, the number of interaction partners, and the time between the contacts of two individuals, are characterized by heavy-tailed distributions. These distributions affect the spreading of, e.g., infectious diseases or rumors, often because of impacts of the right tail of the distributions (i.e., the large values). In this paper we show that when it comes to inter-event time distributions, it is not the tail but the small values that control spreading dynamics. We investigate this effect both analytically and numerically for different versions of the susceptible-infected-recovered model on different types of networks.
Although the caseload of students with categorical disabilities and limited English proficiency has increased in recent years for secondary engineering design graphics teachers, the level of preparation to teach stude...
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Although the caseload of students with categorical disabilities and limited English proficiency has increased in recent years for secondary engineering design graphics teachers, the level of preparation to teach students with these characteristics has not. Given that teachers must develop inclusive classroom environments for all students, the current state for teacher preparation in regards to working with students with categorical disabilities and limited English proficiency needs to be explored. This study analyzes data from the School and Staffing Survey Teacher Questionnaire to determine the current characteristics, credentialing, and caseload for secondary engineering design graphics teachers. The results show that almost two-thirds of engineering design graphics teachers have a bachelor's degree or less, while half of those have less than a bachelor's degree. In addition, approximately one-third of all engineering design graphics teachers are certified through alternative licensing programs, which include little to no preparation in working with students with categorical disabilities and limited English proficiency. The implications of these results are that as caseloads increase for teachers working with students with categorical disabilities and limited English proficiency, more preparation is required to provide teachers with evidence-based pedagogy in order for these students to achieve their learning potential. Copyright 2018 engineering Design Graphics Journal (EDGJ).
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