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125th ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Ross, Lydia Judson, Eugene Ankeny, Casey Jane Krause, Stephen J. Culbertson, Robert J. Hjelmstad, Keith D. Mayled, Lindy Hamilton Glassmeyer, Kristi Middleton, James A. Hjelmstad, Kara L. Arizona State University Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College United States Materials Science Program Fulton School of Engineering Arizona State University United States Arizona State University School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment United States Arizona State University Center for Research on Education in Science Mathematics Engineering and Technology United States

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Cerebrospinal fluid proteomics reveals the innate immunity and blood-brain barrier dysregulation in a patient with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ventriculitis treated with intrathecal and intravenous polymyxin B

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Heliyon 2024年第24期10卷 e40893页

作者： Li, Mengyao Liu, Dongyu Bergen, Phillip J. Liang, Silin Chen, Juan Kho, Zhi Ying Lu, Jing Sun, Huiying Hong, Weiqing Liu, Xiaofen Hong, Chengying Chen, Youlian Li, Wei You, Hongxia Xu, Shunyao Wang, Yu Gao, Huaiji Lam, Chun Hin Li, Jian Chen, Xiaoyin Liu, Xueyan Department of Critical Care Medicine The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) Shenzhen 518020 China Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China Biomedicine Discovery Institute Infection Program and Department of Microbiology Monash University Melbourne 3800 VIC Australia Department of Pharmacy The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) Shenzhen 518020 China Institute of Infectious Diseases The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University 23 Pingjiang Road Tianjin 300211 China Institute of Antibiotics Huashan Hospital Fudan University / Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China Shanghai 200040 China National Clinical Research Centre for Aging and Medicine Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China Department of Stomatology The Second Clinical Medical College Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) Shenzhen 518020 China Mathematics and Statistics School of Computing Engineering and Mathematical Sciences La Trobe University Melbourne 3085 VIC Australia Faculty of Medicine Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau 999078 China College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China

Acinetobacter baumannii is a major pathogen of nosocomial meningitis and ventriculitis. Due to very limited antibiotic treatment options, polymyxins are often used as a last-line therapy. To optimise polymyxin use in the intraventricular environment, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics was employed to investigate host-pathogen-polymyxin interactions in a 69-year-old patient with multidrug-resistant A. baumannii ventriculitis treated with a combination of intrathecal (ITH;50,000 IU q24h/q48h), intraventricular (IVT;50,000 IU q48h), and intravenous (500,000 IU, q12h) polymyxin B. CSF was collected before the first ITH dose in the ICU (0 h) and at 24 h, Day 7 and Day 26. The proteome was quantified at each time point and proteins with Qvalue <0.05 and fold change >1.2 were considered differentially expressed. Within 24 h of ITH/IVT polymyxin B administration, the innate immune system and neuroimmunity were highly active, evidenced by up-regulation of various pathways related to pathogen invasion, endocytosis and neutrophil degranulation. Blood-brain barrier impairment had worsened at 24 h but signs of repair were evident on Day 7 and Day 26. This is the first CSF proteomic study with polymyxins. Our findings provide critical mechanistic insights into optimizing ITH/IVT polymyxin administration. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii Cerebrospinal fluid Intrathecal and intravenous administration Polymyxin B Proteomics Ventriculitis

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Magnetotelluric Data Analysis Using Phase Tensor and Tipper Strike to Determine Geoelectrical Strike in 'DKH' Geothermal Field

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2021年第1期732卷

作者： Fauziah Maswah Suryantini Wahyu Srigutomo Reza Jamil Fajri Angga Bakti Pratama Prihandhanu M. Pratomo Geothermal Engineering Master's Program Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) Jalan Ganesha no. 10 Bandung 40132 West Java Indonesia PT. Geo Dipa Energi (Persero) Jalan Warung Buncit Raya No. 75 South Jakarta Indonesia

The magnetotelluric (MT) method is passive geophysical method that measures natural electromagnetic field to estimate the subsurface resistivity structure. Before conducting 2D MT data inversion, data analysis, dimensionality, including determining the direction of the geoelectrical strike must be performed. It is needed to fulfill the assumption of 2D MT modeling. 2D modeling of magnetotelluric data is an important part because the results can determine the quality of the subsurface interpretation. Therefore, this paper describes the determination of the dimensonality and geoelectrical strike using the phase tensor and tipper strike parameters. The invariant parameters of phase tensor including skew angle (β) and ellipticity are used to get the information about the dimensionality and geoelectrical strike. The results from the phase tensor are plotted in a rose diagram to determine the main direction of the geoelectrical strike. The phase tensor analysis contains ambiguity 90°, therefore tipper strike used to validate the analysis. From the analysis, the result shows the 1D or 2D structures of the MT data in high frequency, meanwhile the lower frequency, the majority of the data show 3D structures. The dominant geoelectrical strike is around N15°E and it is confirmed with the regional structure of the area. Determination of dimensionality and geoelectrical strike are applied to MT data from the geothermal field.

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Dynamic ¹³C Flux Analysis Captures the Reorganization of Adipocyte Glucose Metabolism in Response to Insulin (vol 23, 100855, 2020)

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Iscience 2020年第12期23卷 100855页

作者： Quek, Lake-Ee Krycer, James R. Ohno, Satoshi Yugi, Katsuyuki Fazakerley, Daniel J. Scalzo, Richard Elkington, Sarah D. Dai, Ziwei Hirayama, Akiyoshi Ikeda, Satsuki Shoji, Futaba Suzuki, Kumi Locasale, Jason W. Soga, Tomoyoshi James, David E. Kuroda, Shinya Charles Perkins Centre The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia School of Mathematics and Statistics The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Sydney Medical School The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Department of Biological Sciences Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Institute for Advanced Biosciences Keio University Tsuruoka Yamagata 997-0052 Japan YCI Laboratory for Trans-Omics Young Chief Investigator Program RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho Tsurumi-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology Duke University School of Medicine Duke University Durham NC 27710 USA AMED-CREST AMED 1-7-1 Otemachi Chiyoda-Ku Tokyo 100-0004 Japan Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Chiba 277-8562 Japan CREST Japan Science and Technology Agency Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan

Cellular metabolism is dynamic, but quantifying non-steady metabolic fluxes by stable isotope tracers presents unique computational challenges. Here, we developed an efficient 13 C-tracer dynamic metabolic flux analysis (13C-DMFA) framework for modeling central carbon fluxes that vary over time. We used B-splines to generalize the flux parameterization system and to improve the stability of the optimization algorithm. As proof of concept, we investigated how 3T3-L1 cultured adipocytes acutely metabolize glucose in response to insulin. Insulin rapidly stimulates glucose uptake, but intracellular pathways responded with differing speeds and magnitudes. Fluxes in lower glycolysis increased faster than those in upper glycolysis. Glycolysis fluxes rose disproportionally larger and faster than the tricarboxylic acid cycle, with lactate a primary glucose end product. The uncovered array of flux dynamics suggests that glucose catabolism is additionally regulated beyond uptake to help shunt glucose into appropriate pathways. This work demonstrates the value of using dynamic intracellular fluxes to understand metabolic function and pathway regulation.

关键词： Biological sciences Flux Data Metabolomics Metabolic Flux Analysis

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Multi-species cuckoo search algorithm for global optimization

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Yang, Xin-She Deb, Suash Mishra, Sudhanshu K. School of Science and Technology Department of Design Engineering and Mathematics Middlesex University LondonNW4 4BT United Kingdom Decision Sciences and Modelling Program Victoria University Melbourne Australia Department of Economics North-Eastern Hill University Shillong India

Background: Many optimization problems in science and engineering are highly nonlinear, and thus require sophisticated optimization techniques to solve. Traditional techniques such as gradient-based algorithms are mostly local search methods, and often struggle to cope with such challenging optimization problems. Recent trends tend to use nature-inspired optimization algorithms. Methods: This work extends the standard cuckoo search (CS) by using the successful features of the cuckoo-host co-evolution with multiple interacting species, and the proposed multi-species cuckoo search (MSCS) intends to mimic the multiple species of cuckoos that compete for the survival of the fittest, and they co-evolve with host species with solution vectors being encoded as position vectors. The proposed algorithm is then validated by 15 benchmark functions as well as five nonlinear, multimodal design case studies in practical applications. Results: Simulation results suggest that the proposed algorithm can be effective for finding optimal solutions and in this case all optimal solutions are achievable. The results for the test benchmarks are also compared with those obtained by other methods such as the standard cuckoo search and genetic algorithm, which demonstrated the efficiency of the present algorithm. Conclusions: Based on numerical experiments and case studies, we can conclude that the proposed algorithm can be more efficient in most cases, leading a potentially very effective tool for solving nonlinear optimization *** Codes 90C26, 78M32 Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Swarm intelligence

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Highly wavelength-selective asymmetric dual-core liquid photonic crystal fiber polarization splitter

Highly wavelength-selective asymmetric dual-core liquid phot...

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作者： Younis, B.M. Heikal, A.M. Hameed, Mohamed Farhat O. Obayya, S.S.A. Centre for Photonics and Smart Materials Zewail City of Science and Technology 6th of October City October Gardens Giza Egypt Electronics and Communications Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt Nanotechnology Engineering Program Zewail City of Science and Technology 6th of October City October Gardens Giza Egypt Mathematics and Engineering Physics Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt

An asymmetric dual-core photonic crystal fiber (ADC-PCF) wavelength-selective polarization splitter is reported and analyzed. The left core of the DC-PCF is surrounded by nematic liquid crystal infiltrated holes in order to control the wavelength at which coupling occurs between the dual cores of the proposed design. Moreover, the suggested structure can be tuned to split out the x- and y-polarized modes at the two telecommunication wavelengths λ = 1.3 μm and λ =1.55 μm. The geometrical parameters of the reported splitter are studied by the full vectorial finite difference method via the Lumerical software package to achieve high wavelength selectivity with device length of 5.678 mm at λ = 1.3 μm. Further, the power coupling characteristics of the reported device are studied, which ensures that the ADC-PCF splitter has a very narrow bandwidth of approximately 3 nm around wavelengths of 1.3 μm and 1.55 μm. Therefore, the suggested design can be considered as a very good candidate to be used in the integrated photonic devices. © 2018 Optical Society of America.

关键词： Nematic liquid crystals

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The Black Hole Explorer: Motivation and Vision

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Johnson, Michael D. Akiyama, Kazunori Baturin, Rebecca Bilyeu, Bryan Blackburn, Lindy Boroson, Don Cárdenas-Avendaño, Alejandro Chael, Andrew Chan, Chi-Kwan Chang, Dominic Cheimets, Peter Chou, Cathy Doeleman, Sheperd S. Farah, Joseph Galison, Peter Gamble, Ronald Gammie, Charles F. Gelles, Zachary Gómez, José L. Gralla, Samuel E. Grimes, Paul Gurvits, Leonid I. Hadar, Shahar Haworth, Kari Hada, Kazuhiro Hecht, Michael H. Honma, Mareki Houston, Janice Hudson, Ben Issaoun, Sara Jia, He Jorstad, Svetlana Kauffmann, Jens Kovalev, Yuri Y. Kurczynski, Peter Lafon, Robert Lupsasca, Alexandru Lehmensiek, Robert Ma, Chung-Pei Marrone, Daniel P. Marscher, Alan P. Melnick, Gary J. Narayan, Ramesh Niinuma, Kotaro Noble, Scott C. Palmer, Eric J. Palumbo, Daniel C.M. Paritsky, Lenny Peretz, Eliad Pesce, Dominic Plavin, Alexander Quataert, Eliot Rana, Hannah Ricarte, Angelo Roelofs, Freek Shtyrkova, Katia Sinclair, Laura C. Small, Jeffrey Kumara, Sridharan Tirupati Srinivasan, Ranjani Strominger, Andrew Tiede, Paul Tong, Edward Wang, Jade Weintroub, Jonathan Wielgus, Maciek Wong, George Zhang, Xinyue Alice Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Black Hole Initiative Harvard University 20 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Haystack Observatory Massachusetts Institute of Technology WestfordMA01886 United States Mizusawa VLBI Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Iwate023-0861 Japan MIT Lincoln Laboratory LexingtonMA02421 United States Princeton Gravity Initiative Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy University of Arizona 933 N. Cherry Ave. TucsonAZ85721 United States Data Science Institute University of Arizona 1230 N. Cherry Ave. TucsonAZ85721 United States Program in Applied Mathematics University of Arizona 617 N. Santa Rita TucsonAZ85721 United States Las Cumbres Observatory 6740 Cortona Drive GoletaCA93117-5575 United States Department of Physics University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106-9530 United States Department of History of Science Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States Departments of Astronomy and of Physics University of Illinois UrbanaIL61801 United States Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain Department of Physics University of Arizona TucsonAZ85719 United States Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC Dwingeloo7991PD Netherlands Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft2629 HS Netherlands Department of Mathematics and Physics University of Haifa at Oranim Kiryat Tivon3600600 Israel Haifa Research Center for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Haifa Haifa3498838 Israel 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-

We present the Black Hole Explorer (BHEX), a mission that will produce the sharpest images in the history of astronomy by extending submillimeter Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) to space. BHEX will discover and measure the bright and narrow "photon ring" that is predicted to exist in images of black holes, produced from light that has orbited the black hole before escaping. This discovery will expose universal features of a black hole's spacetime that are distinct from the complex astrophysics of the emitting plasma, allowing the first direct measurements of a supermassive black hole's spin. In addition to studying the properties of the nearby supermassive black holes M87*and Sgr A*, BHEX will measure the properties of dozens of additional supermassive black holes, providing crucial insights into the processes that drive their creation and growth. BHEX will also connect these supermassive black holes to their relativistic jets, elucidating the power source for the brightest and most efficient engines in the universe. BHEX will address fundamental open questions in the physics and astrophysics of black holes that cannot be answered without submillimeter space VLBI. The mission is enabled by recent technological breakthroughs, including the development of ultra-high-speed downlink using laser communications, and it leverages billions of dollars of existing ground infrastructure. We present the motivation for BHEX, its science goals and associated requirements, and the pathway to launch within the next decade. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Photons

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Deep neural network for Wannier function centers

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhang, Linfeng Chen, Mohan Wu, Xifan Wang, Han Weinan, E. Car, Roberto Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States CAPT HEDPS College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Physics Temple University PhiladelphiaPA19122 United States Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Huayuan Road 6 Beijing100088 China Department of Mathematics and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Beijing Institute of Big Data Research Beijing100871 China Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

We introduce a deep neural network (DNN) model that assigns the position of the centers of the electronic charge in the snapshots of a molecular dynamics trajectory. The electronic centers are uniquely specified by the unitary transformation that maps the occupied eigenstates onto maximally localized Wannier functions. In combination with deep potential molecular dynamics, a DNN approach to model the atomic potential energy surface at the ab initio density functional level of theory, the scheme makes possible to predict the dielectric properties of insulators for samples and trajectories inaccessible to direct ab initio simulation, without loss of accuracy. As an example, we report calculations of the infrared absorption spectra of light and heavy water at a dispersion inclusive hybrid functional level of theory, finding good agreement with experiment. Extensions to other spectroscopies, like Raman and sum frequency generation, are discussed. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum chemistry

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Knowledge, Awareness, and Resilience of Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Risk Reduction in Coastal Area

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1811卷

作者： Rr M I Retno Susilorini Rina Febrina Helmia Adita Fitra Juniastel Rajagukguk Dhiyan Krishna Wardhani B Y Arya Wastanimpuna Laurel Lia Nola Prameswari Department of Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang 50234 Central Java Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Malahayati University Bandar Lampung 35153 South Sumatera Indonesia Department of Regional and Urban Planning Sumatera Institute of Technology South Lampung 35365 South Sumatera Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Medan Medan 20221 North Sumatera Indonesia Doctoral Program of Digital Architecture Faculty of Architecture and Design Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang 50234 Central Java Indonesia

Indonesia is earthquake and tsunami prone areas, included Sumatera Island. Bandar Lampung is also vulnerable to earthquake and tsunami, especially Kangkung fishing village in Lampung Bay. Disaster risk reduction is very important to be implemented in the cases of earthquake and tsunami, which can save more life and build resilience in facing the hazard. This research aimed to study how the knowledge, awareness, and resilience of people in Kangkung fishing village can strengthen the earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction. This research conducted by quantitative methods. Survey and interview of 53 respondents were conducted as well as data collecting approached by purposive sampling. The results found that there is little knowledge and awareness of people in Kangkung fishing village of the hazard of earthquake and tsunami. Therefore, this research proposed a model of 'Community-Based Resilience Strategy' Model of earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction. It is a comprehensive and sustainable model of how people take a part in disaster risk reduction by intensive participatory. Conclusion of this research emphasized that disaster risk reduction is a big matter in marginalized society such as people in Kangkung fishing village. The 'Community-Based Resilience Strategy' Model of earthquake and tsunami disaster risk reduction that may increase the knowledge and awareness to become more resilience.

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Bridge Sub Structure Defect Inspection Assistance by using Deep Learning

Bridge Sub Structure Defect Inspection Assistance by using D...

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IEEE International Conference on Awareness science and technology

作者： Pravee Kruachottikul Kittikul Kovitanggoon Nagul Cooharojananone Donnaphat Trakulwaranont Gridsada Phanomchoeng Kanokwan Atchariyachanvanich Thira Chavarnakul Technopreneurship and Innovation Management Program Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Department of Mechanical Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Department of Commerce Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Faculty of Information Technology King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand

Road transportation is the most popular transportation in Thailand, which the top two highest traffic are the region-to-region highways;and then inter-city highways. Therefore, the regular maintenance is required to maintain the good condition due to road safety. The most significant process of bridge inspection procedures is sub structure inspection, which requires visual inspection as an initial step. This process is used to quick determine the damage severity i.e. appearance and crack that may cause damage to the structure strength. The current process requires that the experienced maintenance engineer to be on the field in order to visual inspect and estimate whether the maintenance is required. Yet, due to the limitation of number of expert engineers to be on the field, the photo verification is introduced to assist them so that they are no need on every inspection site. However, using human to verify has no standard and uncontrollable. They need to have experience and good knowledge. As well as it is highly depended on individual decisionmaking skill. Thus, in this paper, the deep learning technique will be presented to assist the expert for quality inspection process of bridge sub structure images. That is using image enhancement and then image splitting and overlapping for image pre-processing. After that applying CNNs for object classification. As a result, the total accuracy is 89% based on 3926 dataset.

关键词： Bridges Inspection Machine learning Maintenance engineering Convolution Training Concrete

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