Modern cosmological research still thoroughly debates the discrepancy between local probes and the Cosmic Microwave Background observations in the Hubble constant (H0) measurements, ranging from 4 to 6σ. In the curre...
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Security is an important aspect in communicating using information technology. SMS is a service provided by mobile phones to communicate by sending short messages quickly and cheaply. Short message delivery is done by...
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Acinetobacter baumannii is a major pathogen of nosocomial meningitis and ventriculitis. Due to very limited antibiotic treatment options, polymyxins are often used as a last-line therapy. To optimise polymyxin use in ...
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The magnetotelluric (MT) method is passive geophysical method that measures natural electromagnetic field to estimate the subsurface resistivity structure. Before conducting 2D MT data inversion, data analysis, dimens...
The magnetotelluric (MT) method is passive geophysical method that measures natural electromagnetic field to estimate the subsurface resistivity structure. Before conducting 2D MT data inversion, data analysis, dimensionality, including determining the direction of the geoelectrical strike must be performed. It is needed to fulfill the assumption of 2D MT modeling. 2D modeling of magnetotelluric data is an important part because the results can determine the quality of the subsurface interpretation. Therefore, this paper describes the determination of the dimensonality and geoelectrical strike using the phase tensor and tipper strike parameters. The invariant parameters of phase tensor including skew angle (β) and ellipticity are used to get the information about the dimensionality and geoelectrical strike. The results from the phase tensor are plotted in a rose diagram to determine the main direction of the geoelectrical strike. The phase tensor analysis contains ambiguity 90°, therefore tipper strike used to validate the analysis. From the analysis, the result shows the 1D or 2D structures of the MT data in high frequency, meanwhile the lower frequency, the majority of the data show 3D structures. The dominant geoelectrical strike is around N15°E and it is confirmed with the regional structure of the area. Determination of dimensionality and geoelectrical strike are applied to MT data from the geothermal field.
Cellular metabolism is dynamic, but quantifying non-steady metabolic fluxes by stable isotope tracers presents unique computational challenges. Here, we developed an efficient 13 C-tracer dynamic metabolic flux analys...
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Cellular metabolism is dynamic, but quantifying non-steady metabolic fluxes by stable isotope tracers presents unique computational challenges. Here, we developed an efficient 13 C-tracer dynamic metabolic flux analysis (13C-DMFA) framework for modeling central carbon fluxes that vary over time. We used B-splines to generalize the flux parameterization system and to improve the stability of the optimization algorithm. As proof of concept, we investigated how 3T3-L1 cultured adipocytes acutely metabolize glucose in response to insulin. Insulin rapidly stimulates glucose uptake, but intracellular pathways responded with differing speeds and magnitudes. Fluxes in lower glycolysis increased faster than those in upper glycolysis. Glycolysis fluxes rose disproportionally larger and faster than the tricarboxylic acid cycle, with lactate a primary glucose end product. The uncovered array of flux dynamics suggests that glucose catabolism is additionally regulated beyond uptake to help shunt glucose into appropriate pathways. This work demonstrates the value of using dynamic intracellular fluxes to understand metabolic function and pathway regulation.
Background: Many optimization problems in science and engineering are highly nonlinear, and thus require sophisticated optimization techniques to solve. Traditional techniques such as gradient-based algorithms are mos...
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An asymmetric dual-core photonic crystal fiber (ADC-PCF) wavelength-selective polarization splitter is reported and analyzed. The left core of the DC-PCF is surrounded by nematic liquid crystal infiltrated holes in or...
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Background Virtual reality (VR) has been introduced as a novel intervention in chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) rehabilitation. However, much remains unknown about the effectiveness of VR for CMP. The aim of this st...
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Background Virtual reality (VR) has been introduced as a novel intervention in chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) rehabilitation. However, much remains unknown about the effectiveness of VR for CMP. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of VR in daily life versus no treatment for people with CMP who were on a waiting list to receive secondary pain treatment. Methods This study employed a cluster-randomised, controlled design. The intervention group received a novel VR application that offers pain education and pain management techniques. This home-based, stand-alone, immersive VR intervention was advised to be used daily for four weeks. The control group received no treatment. Primary outcome measure was health-related quality of life at four weeks; secondary outcome measures included various pain-related variables (e.g., pain self-efficacy). Intervention effectiveness was analysed using linear mixed models. Results Fifty-three participants were included in this trial (mean age: 55.5 (SD: 15)) of which 70% were women. No significant between-group differences were found at four weeks on physical (mean difference (95% CI): 0.039 (−2.810 to 2.889), p = 0.978) or mental (3.590 (−1.640 to 8.819), p = 0.172) health-related quality of life or any of the secondary outcome measures. Discussion The pain education VR intervention showed no effect in improving outcomes for people with CMP who were on a waiting list, compared to a no-intervention control group. Future research should investigate for which patients, settings, and timing this VR intervention could be beneficial. Significance Statement Prior research showed that VR could be beneficial for people with CMP. However, the results of this study showed that VR is ineffective as stand-alone therapy for people with CMP who were on a waiting list to receive secondary pain treatment.
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