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Revealing the Microscopic Mechanism of Elementary Vortex Pinning in Superconductors

Physical Review X 2024年第4期14卷 041039页

作者： C. Chen Y. Liu Y. Chen Y. N. Hu T. Z. Zhang D. Li X. Wang C. X. Wang Z. Y. W. Lu Y. H. Zhang Q. L. Zhang X. L. Dong R. Wang D. L. Feng T. Zhang Department of Physics State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Advanced Material Laboratory Zhejiang Institute of Photoelectronics and Zhejiang Institute for Advanced Light Source Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics School of Physical Sciences National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center School of Materials Science and Engineering Dongguan Guangdong 523808 China Nanjing 210093 China Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center Nanjing 210093 China New Cornerstone Laboratory National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory and School of Nuclear Science and Technology Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315 China

Vortex pinning is a crucial factor that determines the critical current of practical superconductors and enables their diverse applications. However, the underlying mechanism of vortex pinning has long been elusive, lacking a clear microscopic explanation. Here, using high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy, we studied single vortex pinning induced by point defect in layered FeSe-based superconductors. We found the defect-vortex interaction drives low-energy vortex bound states away from EF, creating a “mini” gap that effectively lowers the system energy and enhances pinning. By measuring the local density of states, we directly obtained the elementary pinning energy and estimated the pinning force via the spatial gradient of pinning energy. The results are consistent with bulk critical current measurement. Furthermore, we showed that a general microscopic quantum model incorporating defect-vortex interaction can naturally capture our observation. It suggests that the local pairing near pinned vortex core is actually enhanced compared to unpinned vortex, which is beyond the traditional understanding that nonsuperconducting regions pin vortices. Our study thus unveils a general microscopic mechanism of vortex pinning in superconductors and provides insights for enhancing the critical current of practical superconductors.

关键词： Vortices in superconductors BCS theory Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations Scanning tunneling microscopy Scanning tunneling spectroscopy Transport techniques

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Electrically Driven Bound-state-in-the-Continuum Laser

Electrically Driven Bound-state-in-the-Continuum Laser

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CLEO: science and Innovations, S and I 2022

作者： Wang, Yufei Wang, Mingjin Liu, Wenzhen Fu, Ting Qu, Hongwei Wang, Hailing Qi, Aiyi Zhou, Xuyan Li, Guixin Kivshar, Yuri Zheng, Wanhua Laboratory of Solid-State Optoelectronics Information Technology Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100083 China College of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100083 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Nonlinear Physics Center Research School of Physics Australian National University CanberraACT2601 Australia

We report on the first demonstration of electrically driven bound state in the continuum (BIC) laser. The laser is based on two types of BIC modes in a photonic crystal metacavity lasing at room temperature. © Op...

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

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Corrigendum to "Research on the relationship between thermal aging of lubricating grease outside the contact area of bearing rolling elements and bearing lubrication failure" [Eng. Fail. Anal. (2025) 109127] (engineering Failure Analysis (2025) 168, (S1350630724011737), (10.1016/***.2024.109127))

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engineering Failure Analysis 2025年 174卷

作者： Zhao, Qilong Zhao, Qin Zhang, Enhui Jiang, Cheng Wang, Yanan Lou, Wenjing Zhang, Ruliang Wang, Xiaobo School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Shandong Qingdao266590 China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Gansu Lanzhou730000 China Qingdao Key Laboratory of Lubrication Technology for Advanced Equipment Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry & New Materials Shandong Qingdao266000 China

The authors regret that they found errors in the legend of Fig. 5a and 5c. The legend is corrected as follows:"200h"to "24h", "400h" to "48h", "600h" to "72h"...

The authors regret that they found errors in the legend of Fig. 5a and 5c. The legend is corrected as follows:"200h"to "24h", "400h" to "48h", "600h" to "72h", "800h" to "96h", "1000h" to "120h". To facilitate reading, the y-axis names in Fig. 5 are corrected as follows: "PDSC" is corrected to "Heat flow rate", "OOT" is corrected to "Oxidation onset temperature", and "OIT" is corrected to "Oxidation induction time".[Figure presented] Figure 5 Anti-oxidation performance of aged greases including oxidation onset temperature (a, b) and oxidation induction time at 190 °C (c, d). The authors regret that they found errors in the x-axis name of Figure 11a. Change its name " Water, %" to " Aged time, h ", as shown below:[Figure presented] Fig. 11. Aged time–tribological properties test. (a) Wear volume of test block;(b) Wear mark depth of test block. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused to the readers and editors. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

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Dynamic phase transition region in electrically injected PT-symmetric lasers

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Photonics Research 2024年第11期12卷 2539-2548页

作者： YANG CHEN YUFEI WANG JINGXUAN CHEN TING FU GUANGLIANG SUN ZIYUAN LIAO HAIYANG JI YINGQIU DAI WANHUA ZHENG Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronics Information Technology Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Weifang Academy of Advanced Opto-electronic Circuits Weifang 261021China State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China

Research on parity-time(PT)symmetry and exceptional points in non-Hermitian laser systems has been extensively ***,in practical electrically injected PT-symmetric lasers,the frequency detuning and linewidth enhancement factor of the laser can influence the symmetry breaking of the system in another *** find that the previous exceptional point now transforms into a dynamic phase transition region,where the states are temporally unstable,indicating the occurrence of multimode *** relative phase and field amplitude ratio in this region also exhibit many novel phenomena indicating its *** region can be manipulated by adjusting the coupling strength between adjacent waveguides and the pumping intensity in the loss ***,we characterize the near-field,far-field,and spectrum of several structures,and the results validate our theoretical *** work elucidates the dynamic process and phase transition process of electrically injected PT-symmetric lasers,providing support for the practical application of PT-symmetric lasers.

关键词： tuning pumping phase

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Photoreflectance system based on vacuum ultraviolet laser at 177.3 nm

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第11期31卷 100-105页

作者： Wei-Xia Luo Xue-Lu Liu Xiang-Dong Luo Feng Yang Shen-Jin Zhang Qin-Jun Peng Zu-Yan Xu Ping-Heng Tan State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering&CAS Center of Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ASIC Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China Key Laboratory of Solid State Laser Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Function Crystal and Laser Technology Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Photoreflectance(PR)spectroscopy is a powerful and non-destructive experimental technique to explore interband transitions of *** most PR systems,the photon energy of the pumping beam is usually chosen to be higher than the bandgap energy of the *** the best of our knowledge,the highest energy of pumping laser in reported PR systems is 5.08 eV(244 nm),not yet in the vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)*** this work,we report the design and construction of a PR system pumped by VUV laser of 7.0 eV(177.3 nm).At the same time,dual-modulated technique is applied and a dual channel lock-in-amplifier is integrated into the system for efficient PR *** system’s performance is verified by the PR spectroscopy measurement of well-studied semiconductors,which testifies its ability to probe critical-point energies of the electronic band in semiconductors from ultraviolet to near-infrared spectral region.

关键词： photoreflectance spectroscopy vacuum ultraviolet laser electronic band structure critical points of electron density of states

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High temperature tribological studies of oil-soluble ionic liquids as extreme pressure and anti-wear additives for ester oils

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Journal of Molecular Liquids 2025年 419卷

作者： Shang, Xiaogang Zhang, Songwei Yang, Huimin Li, Songbo Hu, Litian School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology Baotou014010 China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou730000 China Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry & New Materials Qingdao266071 China

In this study, four types of ionic liquids (ILs) were synthesized and their high-temperature tribological and extreme pressure properties in pentaerythritol ester (PE) oil were systematically evaluated. Compared with commercial additive zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates (ZDDP), ILs markedly improve the load-bearing capacity and high-temperature lubrication performance of PE oil. In particular, 2-n-undecylimidazolium O,O-dioctyl dithiophosphate ([C11-IM][C8-DDP]) showed the best lubricating effect at high temperature. The tribo-film of worn surface was analyzed by SEM, EDS, XPS and FIB-TEM, and the lubrication mechanism of ILs was systematically studied. Results proved that the tribochemical reactions occurred between ILs and the worn surface, resulting in the formation of a tribo-film consisting of Fe2O3, FePO4, FeS, Fex(SO4)y and nitrogenous organic compounds. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Methyl ester

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Modulation of electronic state in copper-intercalated 1T-TaS_(2)

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Nano Research 2022年第5期15卷 4327-4333页

作者： Wenhao Zhang Degong Ding Jingjing Gao Kunliang Bu Zongxiu Wu Li Wang Fangsen Li Wei Wang Xuan Luo Wenjian Lu Chuanhong Jin Yuping Sun Yi Yin Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device Department of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State PhysicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation(Nano-X) Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Suzhou 215123China High Magnetic Field Laboratory HFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Intercalation is an effective method to modify physical properties and induce novel electronic states of transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)***,it is difficult to reveal the microscopic electronic state evolution in the intercalated *** we successfully synthesize the copper-intercalated 1T-TaS_(2) and characterize the structural and electronic modification combining resistivity measurements,atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy(ADF-STEM),and scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).The intercalated Cu atom is determined to be directly below the Ta atom and suppresses the commensurate charge density wave(CCDW)*** specific electronic modulations are discovered in the near-commensurate(NC)CDW phase:the electron doping state near the defective star of Davids(SDs)in metallic domains and the spatial evolution of the Mott gap in insulating *** modulations reveal that intercalated Cu atoms act as a medium to enhance the interaction between intralayer SDs,in addition to the general charge transfer *** also solidifies the Mott foundation of the insulating gap in pristine *** intriguing electronic evolution in Cu-intercalated 1T-TaS_(2) will motivate further exploration of novel electronic states in the intercalated TMD materials.

关键词： intercalation scanning tunneling microscopy Mott insulator charge transfer electron doping

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Architecture engineering of carbonaceous anodes for high-rate potassium-ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2021年第4期3卷 554-581页

作者： Tianlai Wu Weicai Zhang Jiaying Yang Qiongqiong Lu Jing Peng Mingtao Zheng Fei Xu Yingliang Liu Yeru Liang Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical AgricultureCollege of Materials and EnergySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture GuangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Solidication Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringCenter for Nano Energy MaterialsNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi'anChina Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research(IFW)Dresden e.V. DresdenGermany

The limited lithium resource in earth's crust has stimulated the pursuit of alternative energy storage technologies to lithium-ion ***-ion batteries(KIBs)are regarded as a kind of promising candidate for large-scale energy storage owing to the high abundance and low cost of potassium ***,further development and wide application of KIBs are still challenged by several obstacles,one of which is their fast capacity deterioration at high rates.A considerable amount of effort has recently been devoted to address this problem by developing advanced carbonaceous anode materials with diverse structures and *** review presents and highlights how the architecture engineering of carbonaceous anode materials gives rise to high-rate performances for KIBs,and also the beneficial conceptions are consciously extracted from the recent ***,basic insights into the recent engineering strategies,structural innovation,and the related advances of carbonaceous anodes for high-rate KIBs are under specific *** on the achievements attained so far,a perspective on the foregoing,and proposed possible directions,and avenues for designing high-rate anodes,are presented finally.

关键词： carbonaceous anodes electronic conductivity high-rate performance ion diffusivity potassiumion batteries

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InAs/GaAs quantum dot laterally coupled distributed feedback lasers at 1.3μm

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Chinese Optics Letters 2023年第1期21卷 80-84页

作者：于文富赵旭熠韩实现杜安天刘若涛曹春芳严进一杨锦黄华王海龙龚谦 Key Laboratory of Terahertz Solid State Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Physics and Physical Engineering Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Polarization and Information TechnologyQufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165China

We report the InAs/GaAs quantum dot laterally coupled distributed feedback(LC-DFB)lasers operating at room temperature in the wavelength range of 1.31μ***-order chromium Bragg gratings were fabricated alongside the ridge waveguide to obtain the maximum coupling coefficient with the optical *** continuous-wave single-frequency operation has been achieved with output power above 5 mW/facet and side mode suppression ratio exceeding 52 ***,a single chip integrating three LC-DFB lasers was tentatively *** three LC-DFB lasers on the chip can operate in single mode at room temperature,covering the wavelength span of 35.6 nm.

关键词： InAs quantum dot laterally coupled distributed feedback laser

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Cu/Cu_(2)O nanoparticles co-regulated carbon catalyst for alkaline Al-air batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第8期32卷 2427-2432页

作者： Jing Tian Depei Liu Jingsha Li Dan Sun Hongtao Liu Haiyan Wang Yougen Tang Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Eco-materials and Renewable Energy Research Center(ERERC) National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresSchool of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Institute of Materials Science and Devices Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215011China Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials of Ministry of Education Jilin Normal UniversityChangchun 130103

Developing high-efficiency,inexpensive,and steady non-precious metal oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) catalysts to displace Pt-based catalysts is significant for commercial applications of Al-air ***,we have prepared the Cu/Cu_(2)O-NC catalyst with excellent ORR performance and high stability,due to the synergistic effect of Cu and Cu_(2)O *** half-wave potential(0.8 V) and the limiting-current density(5.20 mA/cm^(2)) of the Cu/Cu_(2)O-NC are very close to those of the 20% Pt/C catalyst(0.82 V,5.10 mA/cm^(2)).Besides,it exhibits excellent performance with a maximal power density of 250 mW/cm^(2) and a stable continuous discharge for more than 90 h in the Al-air battery test The promoting effects of Cu_(2)O towards Cu-based ORR catalysts are illustrated as follows:(ⅰ) Cu_(2)O is the major ORR active site by the redox of Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ),which provides excellent ORR activities;(ⅱ) Cu can stabilize the location of Cu_(2)O by assisting the electron transfer to Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ) redox,which is conducive to the high stability of the *** work provides a useful strategy for enhancing the ORR performance of Cu-based catalysts.

关键词： Cu/Cu_(2)O Oxygen reduction reaction Al-air battery Stability Synergistic effect

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