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arXiv 2022年

作者： Guo, Yu Liu, Zixuan Tang, Hao Hu, Xiao-Min Liu, Bi-Heng Huang, Yun-Feng Li, Chuan-Feng Guo, Guang-Can Chiribella, Giulio CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230088 China QICI Quantum Information and Computation Initiative Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong HKU-Oxford Joint Laboratory for Quantum Information and Computation Hong Kong Department of Computer Science University of Oxford Wolfson Building Parks Road Oxford United Kingdom Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 31 Caroline Street North WaterlooON Canada

Quantum theory allows information to flow through a single device in a coherent superposition of two opposite directions, resulting into situations where the input-output direction is indefinite. Here we introduce a theoretical method to witness input-output indefiniteness in a single quantum device, and we experimentally demonstrate it by constructing a photonic setup that exhibits input-output indefiniteness with a statistical significance exceeding 69 standard deviations. Our results provide a way to characterize input-output indefiniteness as a resource for quantum information and photonic quantum technologies and enable table-top simulations of hypothetical scenarios exhibiting quantum indefiniteness in the direction of time. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum optics

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Logarithmic correction to black hole entropy from the nonlocality of quantum gravity

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Physical Review D 2022年第4期105卷 044013-044013页

作者： Yong Xiao Yu Tian Key Laboratory of High-precision Computation and Application of Quantum Field Theory of Hebei Province College of Physical Science and Technology Hebei University Baoding 071002 China School of Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

It has been known for many years that the leading correction to the black hole entropy is a logarithmic term, which is universal and closely related to conformal anomaly. A fully consistent analysis of this issue has to take quantum backreactions to the black hole geometry into account. However, it was always unclear how to naturally derive the modified black hole metric, especially from an effective action, because the problem refers to the elusive nonlocality of quantum gravity. In this paper, we show that this problem can be resolved within an effective field theory (EFT) framework of quantum gravity. Our work suggests that the EFT approach provides a powerful and self-consistent tool for studying the quantum gravitational corrections to black hole geometries and thermodynamics.

关键词： Alternative gravity theories Quantum aspects of black holes Quantum gravity Effective field theory

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Single atom doping for quantum device development in diamond and silicon

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Journal of Vacuum science and technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 2008年第6期26卷 2596-2600页

作者： Weis, C.D. Schuh, A. Batra, A. Persaud, A. Rangelow, I.W. Bokor, J. Lo, C.C. Cabrini, S. Sideras-Haddad, E. Fuchs, G.D. Hanson, R. Awschalom, D.D. Schenkel, T. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94114 United States Technical University Ilmenau D-98684 Ilmenau Germany Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley CA 94720 United States Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 United States School of Physics University of the Witwatersrand Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa Center for Spintronics and Quantum Computation University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 United States Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft University of Technology P.O. Box 5046 2600 GA Delft Netherlands

The ability to inject dopant atoms with high spatial resolution, flexibility in dopant species, and high single ion detection fidelity opens opportunities for the study of dopant fluctuation effects and the development of devices in which function is based on the manipulation of quantum states in single atoms, such as proposed quantum computers. The authors describe a single atom injector, in which the imaging and alignment capabilities of a scanning force microscope (SFM) are integrated with ion beams from a series of ion sources and with sensitive detection of current transients induced by incident ions. Ion beams are collimated by a small hole in the SFM tip and current changes induced by single ion impacts in transistor channels enable reliable detection of single ion hits. They discuss resolution limiting factors in ion placement and processing and paths to single atom (and color center) array formation for systematic testing of quantum computer architectures in silicon and diamond. © 2008 American Vacuum Society.

关键词： Ion beams

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SpecDis: Value added distance catalogue for 4 million stars from DESI Year-1 data

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Songting Wang, Wenting Koposov, Sergey E. Li, Ting S. Wu, Youjia Valluri, Monica Najita, Joan Prieto, Carlos Allende Byström, Amanda Manser, Christopher J. Han, Jiaxin Palau, Carles G. Yang, Hao Cooper, Andrew P. Kizhuprakkat, Namitha Riley, Alexander H. Aguilar, Jessica Nicole Ahlen, Steven Bianchi, David Brooks, David Claybaugh, Todd de la Macorra, Axel Della Costa, John Dey, Arjun Doel, Peter Forero-Romero, Jaime E. Gaztañaga, Enrique Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A. Gutierrez, Gaston Honscheid, Klaus Ishak, Mustapha Juneau, Stephanie Kehoe, Robert Kisner, Theodore Landriau, Martin Guillou, Laurent Le Levi, Michael Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie Percival, Will Poppett, Claire Prada, Francisco Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi Rossi, Graziano Sanchez, Eusebio Schlegel, David Schubnell, Michael Seo, Hee-Jong Silber, Joseph Harry Sprayberry, David Tarlé, Gregory Weaver, Benjamin Alan Zhou, Rongpu Zou, Hu Department of Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology Shanghai200240 China State Key Laboratory of Dark Matter Physics School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Institute for Astronomy University of Edinburgh Royal Observatory Blackford Hill EdinburghEH9 3HJ United Kingdom Institute of Astronomy University of Cambridge Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St. George Street TorontoONM5S 3H4 Canada Department of Physics University of Michigan 415 Church Street Ann ArborMI48105 United States Leinweber Center for Theoretical Physics University of Michigan 415 Church Street Ann ArborMI48105 United States NSF’s NOIRLab 950 N. Cherry Avenue TucsonAZ85719 United States Instituto de Astrofsica de Canarias C/ Va Lactea s/n Tenerife La LagunaE-38205 Spain Universidad de La Laguna Dpto. Astrofsica Tenerife La LagunaE-38206 Spain Imperial College London South Kensington Campus LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai201210 China Institute of Astronomy Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University 101 Kuang-Fu Rd. Sec. 2 Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Center for Informatics and Computation in Astronomy NTHU 101 Kuang-Fu Rd. Sec. 2 Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Institute for Computational Cosmology Department of Physics Durham University South Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road BerkeleyCA94720 United States Physics Dept. Boston University 590 Commonwealth Avenue BostonMA02215 United States Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli" Università degli Studi di Milano Via Celoria 16 MilanoI-20133 Italy INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Via Brera 28 Milano20122 Italy Department of Physics & Astronomy University College London Gower Street London

We present the SpecDis value added stellar distance catalogue accompanying DESI DR1. SpecDis trains a feed-forward Neural Network (NN) on a large sample of stars with Gaia parallaxes, but without applying selections on parallax error or signal-to-noise (S/N) of the stellar spectra. We incorporate parallax error into the loss function for training. This approach ensures the training sample not suffering from biases. Moreover, SpecDis predicts the reciprocal of the square root of luminosity, which is linearly proportional to parallax and helps to avoid excluding negative parallaxes. To enhance the precision of distance predictions, we employ Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce the noise and dimensionality of stellar spectra. Validated by independent external samples of member stars with precise distances from globular clusters, dwarf galaxies, and stellar streams, combined with BHB stars, we demonstrate that our distance measurements show no significant bias up to 100 kpc, and are much more precise than Gaia parallax beyond 7 kpc. The median distance uncertainties are 23%, 19%, 11% and 7% for S/Neff, indicating stars with low Fe and high α, which form early, may have experienced more encounters and tidal effects to disrupt binaries. Our final catalogue provides distances and distance uncertainties for >4 million stars, offering a valuable resource for Galactic astronomy. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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A slug length calculation for a contraction with mean flow between two half cylinders 51

A slug length calculation for a contraction with mean flow b...

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51st International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, Internoise 2022

作者： Na, Wei Yang, Dong Surendran, Aswathy Boij, Susann Morgans, Aimee Yao, Huadong Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSE-41296 Sweden Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology ShenZhenPR-518055 China Department of Engineering Physics and Computation Technical University of Munich MunichGE-85747 Germany KTH Royal Institute of Technology Marcus Wallenberg laboratory for Sound and Vibration Research Deptartment of Engineering Mechanics StockholmSE-10044 Sweden Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW72AZ United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781906913427

A slug length is widely used to describe additional mass inertia at low frequencies in duct acoustics. It is often used in acoustic energy analysis, e.g. as one of the inputs for semi-analytical or empirical models to obtain the acoustic reflection and transmission coefficients. However, the calculation of slug length is usually empirical and limited to certain conditions, such as simple geometric configurations, low frequencies, no mean flow, etc. In this paper, the slug length at a contraction with mean flow between two half cylinders is calculated by different methods: solving the Laplace's equation numerically, solving the Helmholtz equation, and using the Cummings - Fant equation based on the numerical results of frequency-domain linearized Navier-Stokes equations. Both the frequency-dependance and the mean flow effect are discussed. The calculated slug length can also be used as a crucial input, for example, in the Dowling and Hughes slit model and modified Cummings slit model to predict the acoustic scattering at tube rows in the presence of a cross mean flow[7]. © 2022 Internoise 2022 - 51st International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cylinders (shapes)

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What is the Valence of Mn in Ga1−xMnxN?

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Physical Review Letters 2015年第19期115卷 197203-197203页

作者： Ryky Nelson Tom Berlijn Juana Moreno Mark Jarrell Wei Ku (顧威) Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Physics Department State University of New York Stony Brook New York 11790 USA

We investigate the current debate on the Mn valence in Ga1−xMnxN, a diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) with a potentially high Curie temperature. From a first-principles Wannier-function analysis, we unambiguously find the Mn valence to be close to 2+ (d5), but in a mixed spin configuration with average magnetic moments of 4μB. By integrating out high-energy degrees of freedom differently, we further derive for the first time from first-principles two low-energy pictures that reflect the intrinsic dual nature of the doped holes in the DMS: (1) an effective d4 picture ideal for local physics, and (2) an effective d5 picture suitable for extended properties. In the latter, our results further reveal a few novel physical effects, and pave the way for future realistic studies of magnetism. Our study not only resolves one of the outstanding key controversies of the field, but also exemplifies the general need for multiple effective descriptions to account for the rich low-energy physics in many-body systems in general.

关键词： MANGANESE VALENCE (Chemistry) SEMICONDUCTORS MAGNETIC moments CURIE temperature

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Observation of thickness-tuned universality class in superconducting β-W thin films

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science Bulletin 2021年第18期66卷 1830-1838,M0003页

作者： Ce Huang Enze Zhang Yong Zhang Jinglei Zhang Faxian Xiu Haiwen Liu Xiaoyi Xie Linfeng Ai Yunkun Yang Minhao Zhao Junjie Qi Lun Li Shanshan Liu Zihan Li Runze Zhan Ya-Qing Bie Xufeng Kou Shaozhi Deng X.C.Xie State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center Fudan UniversityShanghai 201210China School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at ExtremeConditions High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315China Center for Advanced Quantum Studies Department of PhysicsBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and TechnologySchool of Electronics and Information TechnologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The interplay between quenched disorder and critical behavior in quantum phase transitions is conceptually fascinating and of fundamental importance for understanding phase transitions. However, it is still unclear whether or not the quenched disorder influences the universality class of quantum phase transitions. More crucially, the absence of superconducting-metal transitions under in-plane magnetic fields in 2D superconductors imposes constraints on the universality of quantum criticality. Here, we observe the thickness-tuned universality class of superconductor-metal transition by changing the disorder strength in b - W films with varying thickness. The finite-size scaling uncovers the switch of universality class: quantum Griffiths singularity to multiple quantum criticality at a critical thickness of tc⊥1~ 8 nm and then from multiple quantum criticality to single criticality at tc⊥2~ 16 nm. Moreover, the superconducting-metal transition is observed for the first time under in-plane magnetic fields and the universality class is changed at tc‖~ 8 nm. The observation of thickness-tuned universality class under both out-of-plane and in-plane magnetic fields provides broad information for the disorder effect on superconducting-metal transitions and quantum criticality.

关键词： Quenched disorder Quantum criticality Universality class quantum Griffiths singularity

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A study of the radiative transition ππ → πγ∗ with lattice QCD 34

A study of the radiative transition ππ → πγ∗ with latt...

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34th Annual International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, LATTICE 2016

作者： Leskovec, Luka Alexandrou, Constantia Koutsou, Giannis Meinel, Stefan Negele, John W. Paul, Srijit Petschlies, Marcus Pochinsky, Andrew Rendon, Gumaro Syritsyn, Sergey Department of Physics University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Physics University of Cyprus NicosiaCY 1678 Cyprus Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center Cyprus Institute NicosiaCY 2121 Cyprus RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Center for Theoretical Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Wuppertal WuppertalD-42119 Germany Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik University of Bonn BonnD-53115 Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11794 United States

Lattice QCD calculations of radiative transitions between hadrons have in the past been limited to processes of hadrons stable under the strong interaction. Recently developed methods for 1 → 2 transition matrix elements in a finite volume now enable the determination of radiative decay rates of strongly unstable particles. Our lattice QCD study focuses on the process ππ → πγ∗, where the ρ meson is present as an enhancement in the cross-section. We use 2+1 flavors of clover fermions at a pion mass of approximately 320 MeV and a lattice size of approximately 3.6 fm. The required 2-point and 3-point correlation functions are constructed from a set of forward, sequential and stochastic light quark propagators. In addition to determining the ρ meson resonance parameters via the Lüscher method, the scattering phase shift is used in conjunction with the 1 → 2 transition matrix element formalism of Briceño, Hansen and Walker-Loud [1] to compute the ππ → πγ∗ amplitude at several values of the momentum transfer and pp invariant mass. © Copyright owned by the author(s).

关键词： Hadrons

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中心对称且具有非简单空间群结构的晶体中可调控的Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用

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science Bulletin 2023年第11期68卷 1113-1118,M0003页

作者：张中义秦盛山臧佳栋方辰胡江平张富春 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Physics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum ComputationUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of New HampshireDurham 03824USA Materials Science Program University of New HampshireDurham 03824USA South Bay Interdisciplinary Science Center Dongguan 523808China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

非中心对称材料中存在的Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(DM)相互作用,可以导致新颖的自旋纹理和奇异的手性物理现象.而如果能在中心对称的晶格中发现DM相互作用,这将可以大大丰富实现上述新奇物理的材料体系.本文发现中心对称的且遵循非简单空... 详细信息

非中心对称材料中存在的Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(DM)相互作用,可以导致新颖的自旋纹理和奇异的手性物理现象.而如果能在中心对称的晶格中发现DM相互作用,这将可以大大丰富实现上述新奇物理的材料体系.本文发现中心对称的且遵循非简单空间群结构的巡游电子体系可以作为实现DM相互作用的新平台.以遵循P4/nmn空间群的晶格为例,作者展示了在该中心对称晶格中,由巡游电子导致的Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida(RKKY)相互作用中包含DM相互作用、Heisenberg交换相互作用和Kaplan-Shekhtman-Entin-wohlman-Aharony(KSEA)相互作用.在这其中,DM相互作用的DM矢量的方向取决于实空间中磁性原子的位置,DM相互作用的强度取决于动量空间中费米面的位置.该晶格体系中磁性相互作用的多样性,源于非简单空间群对称性保证的实空间中位置依赖的在位点群和倒空间中动量依赖的电子结构.本研究揭示了非简单空间群对称性如何影响晶体中的磁性,表明非简单空间群晶格体系是设计磁性相互作用非常有前景的平台.

关键词：巡游电子中心对称物理现象动量空间费米面磁性原子

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Unification of valley and anomalous Hall effects in a strained lattice

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Physical Review B 2021年第3期104卷 035410-035410页

作者： Jiale Yuan Han Cai Congjun Wu Shi-Yao Zhu Ren-Bao Liu Da-Wei Wang Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information and State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device and Department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China School of Science Westlake University Hangzhou 310024 China Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province School of Science Westlake University Hangzhou 310024 China Department of Physics Centre for Quantum Coherence and The Hong Kong Institute of Quantum Information Science and Technology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Two-dimensional lattices are an important stage for studying many aspects of quantum physics, in particular the topological phases. The valley Hall and anomalous Hall effects are two representative topological phenomena. Here we show that they can be unified in a strained honeycomb lattice, where the hopping strengths between neighboring sites are designed by mimicking those between the Fock states in a three-mode Jaynes-Cummings model. Such a strain induces an effective magnetic field, which results in quantized Landau levels. The eigenstates in the zeroth Landau level can be represented by the eigenstates of a large pseudo-spin. We find that the valley Hall current and the chiral edge current in the Haldane model correspond to the pseudo-spin precession around different axes. Our study sheds light on connection between seemingly unrelated topological phases in condensed matter physics.

关键词： Cavity quantum electrodynamics Edge states Landau levels Quantum anomalous Hall effect Valleytronics Honeycomb lattice Jaynes-Cummings model Second quantization

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