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Physical Review Letters 2020年第13期125卷 133601-133601页

作者： Wenhui Ren Wuxin Liu Chao Song Hekang Li Qiujiang Guo Zhen Wang Dongning Zheng Girish S. Agarwal Marlan O. Scully Shi-Yao Zhu H. Wang Da-Wei Wang Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device Department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100190 China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100190 China Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Departments of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA Baylor University Waco Texas 76706 USA

We report the first observation of simultaneous excitation of two noninteracting atoms by a pair of time-frequency correlated photons in a superconducting circuit. The strong coupling regime of this process enables the synthesis of a three-body interaction Hamiltonian, which allows the generation of the tripartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state in a single step with a fidelity as high as 0.95. We further demonstrate the inhibition of the simultaneous two-atom excitation by continuously measuring whether the first photon is emitted. This work provides a new route in synthesizing many-body interaction Hamiltonian and coherent control of entanglement.

关键词： Cavity quantum electrodynamics Quantum Zeno dynamics Quantum entanglement Quantum optics with artificial atoms Superconducting quantum optics

Theory for the Charge-Density-Wave Mechanism of 3D Quantum Hall Effect

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Physical Review Letters 2020年第20期125卷 206601-206601页

作者： Fang Qin (覃昉) Shuai Li Z. Z. Du C. M. Wang Wenqing Zhang Dapeng Yu Hai-Zhou Lu X. C. Xie Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) Shenzhen 518055 China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui 230026 China Shenzhen Municipal Key-Lab for Advanced Quantum Materials and Devices Shenzhen 518055 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Physics Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234 China International Center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences West Building 3 No. 10 Xibeiwang East Road Haidian District Beijing 100193 China

The charge-density-wave (CDW) mechanism of the 3D quantum Hall effect has been observed recently in ZrTe5 [Tang et al., Nature 569, 537 (2019)]. Different from previous cases, the CDW forms on a one-dimensional (1D) band of Landau levels, which strongly depends on the magnetic field. However, its theory is still lacking. We develop a theory for the CDW mechanism of 3D quantum Hall effect. The theory can capture the main features in the experiments. We find a magnetic field induced second-order phase transition to the CDW phase. We find that electron-phonon interactions, rather than electron-electron interactions, dominate the order parameter. We extract the electron-phonon coupling constant from the non-Ohmic I−V relation. We point out a commensurate-incommensurate CDW crossover in the experiment. More importantly, our theory explores a rare case, in which a magnetic field can induce an order-parameter phase transition in one direction but a topological phase transition in other two directions, both depend on one magnetic field.

关键词： Charge density waves Hall effect Quantum Hall effect Quantum transport 3-dimensional systems

Boundary-Obstructed Topological High-Tc Superconductivity in Iron Pnictides

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Physical Review X 2020年第4期10卷 041014-041014页

作者： Xianxin Wu Wladimir A. Benalcazar Yinxiang Li Ronny Thomale Chao-Xing Liu Jiangping Hu Department of Physics Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Tin Ka-Ping College of Science University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg 97074 Würzburg Germany CAS Center of Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and Kavli Institute of Theoretical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Nontrivial topology and unconventional pairing are two central guiding principles in the contemporary search for and analysis of superconducting materials and heterostructure compounds. Previously, a topological superconductor has been predominantly conceived to result from a topologically nontrivial band subject to an intrinsic or external superconducting proximity effect. Here, we propose a new class of topological superconductors that are uniquely induced by unconventional pairing. They exhibit a boundary-obstructed higher-order topological character and, depending on their dimensionality, feature unprecedently robust Majorana bound states or hinge modes protected by chiral symmetry. We predict the 112 family of iron pnictides, such as Ca1−xLaxFeAs2, to be highly suited material candidates for our proposal, which can be tested by edge spectroscopy. Because of the boundary obstruction, the topologically nontrivial feature of the 112 pnictides does not reveal itself for a bulk-only torus band analysis without boundaries, and as such, it had evaded previous investigations. Our proposal not only opens a new arena for highly stable Majorana modes in high-temperature superconductors but also provides the smoking gun for extended s-wave order in the iron pnictides.

关键词： Topological superconductors Iron-based superconductors Strongly correlated systems Topological materials Unconventional superconductors

Black hole spectroscopy horizons for current and future gravitational wave detectors

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Ota, Iara Chirenti, Cecilia Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas UFABC SP Santo André09210-170 Brazil Department of Astronomy University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology NASA GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States Center for Mathematics Computation and Cognition UFABC SP Santo André09210-580 Brazil

Black hole spectroscopy is the proposal to observe multiple quasinormal modes in the ringdown of a binary black hole merger. In addition to the fundamental quadrupolar mode, overtones and higher harmonics may be present and detectable in the gravitational wave signal, allowing for tests of the no-hair theorem. We analyze in detail the strengths and weaknesses of the standard Rayleigh criterion supplied with a Fisher matrix error estimation, and we find that the criterion is useful, but too restrictive. Therefore we motivate the use of a conservative high Bayes factor threshold to obtain the black hole spectroscopy horizons of current and future detectors, i.e., the distance (averaged in sky location and binary inclination) up to which one or more additional modes can be detected and confidently distinguished from each other. We set up all of our searches for additional modes starting at t = 10(M1 + M2) after the peak amplitude in simulated signals of circular nonspinning binaries. An agnostic multimode analysis allows us to rank the subdominant modes: for nearly equal mass binaries we find (l, m, n) = (2, 2, 1) and (3, 3, 0) and, for very asymmetric binaries, (3, 3, 0) and (4, 4, 0), for the secondary and tertiary modes, respectively. At the current estimated rates for heavy stellar mass binary black hole mergers, with primary masses between 45 and 100 solar masses, we expect an event rate of mergers within our conservative estimate for the (2, 2, 1) spectroscopy horizon of 0.03 − 0.10 yr−1 for LIGO at design sensitivity and (0.6 − 2.4) × 103 yr−1 for the future third generation ground-based detector Cosmic Explorer. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gravity waves

An R-SIFT Image Matching Intelligent Algorithm Applied to Hardware Trojan Detection

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Journal of physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1927卷

作者： Chen Sun Pujiang Liang Lingling Li Jingjing Ma Licheng Jiao Fang Liu Science and Technology on Reliability Physics and Application of Electronic Component Laboratory Guangzhou 511370 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding of Ministry of Education International Research Center for Intelligent Perception and Computation Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Computation School of Artificial Intelligence Xidian University Xi'an 710071 China

Malicious modification, deletion or addition of some modules in the integrated circuits (ICs) will cause the chip to be attacked, which is called Hardware Trojans (HTs). Reverse engineering (RE) is a classic destructive method and widely used in HTs detection. However, RE is very time-consuming and error prone. In this paper, based on RE, we propose the R-SIFT algorithm to match image and reformulate the Trojan detection problem as change detection problem. For the R-SIFT algorithm, the ratio of exponentially weighted averages (Roewa) operator is introduced into the scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm. Experiments show that the proposed method has 7 to 56 times more matching points than the original SIFT can be effectively applied to HTs detection.

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P-wave nucleon-pion scattering amplitude in the Δ(1232) channel from lattice QCD

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Physical Review D 2021年第9期103卷 094508-094508页

作者： Giorgio Silvi Srijit Paul Constantia Alexandrou Stefan Krieg Luka Leskovec Stefan Meinel John Negele Marcus Petschlies Andrew Pochinsky Gumaro Rendon Sergey Syritsyn Antonino Todaro Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Jülich Supercomputing Centre 52425 Jülich Germany Faculty of Mathematics und Natural Sciences University of Wuppertal Wuppertal-42119 Germany Institut für Kernphysik Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz 55099 Mainz Germany Department of Physics University of Cyprus P.O. Box 20537 1678 Nicosia Cyprus Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center The Cyprus Institute 20 Kavafi Street Nicosia 2121 Cyprus Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Nußallee 14-16 53115 Bonn Germany Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport News Virginia 23606 USA Department of Physics Old Dominion University Norfolk Virginia 23529 USA Department of Physics University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 USA Center for Theoretical Physics Laboratory for Nuclear Science and Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Physics Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA RIKEN BNL Research Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Roma “Tor Vergata” Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 00133 Rome Italy

We determine the Δ(1232) resonance parameters using lattice QCD and the Lüscher method. The resonance occurs in elastic pion-nucleon scattering with JP=3/2+ in the isospin I=3/2, P-wave channel. Our calculation is performed with Nf=2+1 flavors of clover fermions on a lattice with L≈2.8 fm. The pion and nucleon masses are mπ=255.4(1.6) MeV and mN=1073(5) MeV, respectively, and the strong decay channel Δ→πN is found to be above the threshold. To thoroughly map out the energy dependence of the nucleon-pion scattering amplitude, we compute the spectra in all relevant irreducible representations of the lattice symmetry groups for total momenta up to P→=2πL(1,1,1), including irreps that mix S and P waves. We perform global fits of the amplitude parameters to up to 21 energy levels, using a Breit-Wigner model for the P-wave phase shift and the effective-range expansion for the S-wave phase shift. From the location of the pole in the P-wave scattering amplitude, we obtain the resonance mass mΔ=1378(7)(9) MeV and the coupling gΔ−πN=23.8(2.7)(0.9).

关键词： Hadron-hadron interactions Baryons Neutrons Protons Mass Lattice QCD

Long Range Plan: Dense matter theory for heavy-ion collisions and neutron stars

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Lovato, Alessandro Dore, Travis Pisarski, Robert D. Schenke, Bjoern Chatziioannou, Katerina Read, Jocelyn S. Landry, Philippe Danielewicz, Pawel Lee, Dean Pratt, Scott Rennecke, Fabian Elfner, Hannah Dexheimer, Veronica Kumar, Rajesh Strickland, Michael Jahan, Johannes Ratti, Claudia Vovchenko, Volodymyr Stephanov, Mikhail Almaalol, Dekrayat Baym, Gordon Hippert, Mauricio Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn Noronha, Jorge Speranza, Enrico Yunes, Nicolás Horowitz, Chuck J. Harris, Steven P. McLerran, Larry Reddy, Sanjay Sorensen, Agnieszka Sen, Srimoyee Gandolfi, Stefano Tews, Ingo Coleman Miller, M. Chirenti, Cecilia Davoudi, Zohreh Karthein, Jamie M. Rajagopal, Krishna Vitale, Salvatore Kapusta, Joseph Başar, Gökçe Schaefer, Thomas Skokov, Vladimir Heinz, Ulrich Drischler, Christian Phillips, Daniel R. Prakash, Madappa Fodor, Zoltan Radice, David Plumberg, Christopher Most, Elias R. Raithel, Carolyn A. Fraga, Eduardo S. Kurkela, Aleksi Lattimer, James M. Steiner, Andrew W. Holt, Jeremy W. Li, Bao-An Shen, Chun Alford, Mark Haber, Alexander Pastore, Saori Piarulli, Maria Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60439 United States Fakultät für Physik Universität Bielefeld BielefeldD-33615 Germany Department of Physics Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11793 United States Department of Physics California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Nicholas and Lee Begovich Center for Gravitational Wave Physics Astronomy California State University FullertonCA92831 United States Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H8 Canada Facility for Rare Isotope Beams Department of Physics United States Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Institute for Theoretical Physics Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 Giessen35392 Germany Campus Giessen Giessen35392 Germany GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy-ion Research Planckstr. 1 Darmstadt64291 Germany Department of Physics Kent State University KentOH44242 United States Department of Physics University of Houston HoustonTX77204 United States University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Physics Department Indiana University BloomingtonIN47405 United States Institute for Nuclear Theory University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State University AmesIA50011 United States Theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States University of Maryland Department of Astronomy Joint Space-Science Institute University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States University of Maryland Department of Astronomy College ParkMD20742 United States Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology NA

Since the release of the 2015 Long Range Plan in Nuclear physics, major events have occurred that reshaped our understanding of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and nuclear matter at large densities, in and out of equilibrium. The US nuclear community has an opportunity to capitalize on advances in astrophysical observations and nuclear experiments and engage in an interdisciplinary effort in the theory of dense baryonic matter that connects low- and high-energy nuclear physics, astrophysics, gravitational waves physics, and data science. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heavy ions

Efficient algorithms for causal order discovery in quantum networks

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Bai, Ge Wu, Ya-Dong Zhu, Yan Hayashi, Masahito Chiribella, Giulio QICI Quantum Information and Computation Initiative Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong Hong Kong HKU-Oxford Joint Laboratory for Quantum Information and Computation Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Graduate School of Mathematics Nagoya University Nagoya464-8602 Japan Department of Computer Science University of Oxford Parks Road OxfordOX1 3QD United Kingdom HKU-Oxford Joint Laboratory for Quantum Information and Computation Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 31 Caroline Street North WaterlooONN2L 2Y5 Canada The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation Yuexing 2nd Rd Nanshan Shenzhen518057 China

Given black-box access to the input and output systems, we develop the first efficient quantum causal order discovery algorithm with polynomial query complexity with respect to the number of systems. We model the causal order with quantum combs, and our algorithm outputs the order of inputs and outputs that the given process is compatible with. Our algorithm searches for the last input and the last output in the causal order, removes them, and iteratively repeats the above procedure until we get the order of all inputs and outputs. Our method guarantees a polynomial running time for quantum combs with a low Kraus rank, namely processes with low noise and little information loss. For special cases where the causal order can be inferred from local observations, we also propose algorithms that have lower query complexity and only require local state preparation and local measurements. Our algorithms will provide efficient ways to detect and optimize available transmission paths in quantum communication networks, as well as methods to verify quantum circuits and to discover the latent structure of multipartite quantum systems. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Iterative methods

Strain tunable semimetal-topological insulator transition in monolayer 1t’-wte2

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zhao, Chen xiao Hu, Mengli Qin, Jin Xia, Bing Liu, Canhua Wang, Shiyong Guan, Dandan Li, Yaoyi Zheng, Hao Liu, Junwei Jia, Jinfeng Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Department of Physics Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

A quantum spin hall insulator (QSHI) is manifested by its conducting edge channels that originate from the nontrivial topology of the insulating bulk states. Monolayer 1T’-WTe2 exhibits this quantized edge conductance in transport measurements, but because of its semimetallic nature, the coherence length is restricted to around 100 nm. To overcome this restriction, we propose a strain engineering technique to tune the electronic structure, where either a compressive strain along a axis or a tensile strain along b axis can drive 1T’-WTe2 into an full gap insulating phase. A combined study of molecular beam epitaxy and in-situ scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy then confirmed such a phase transition. Meanwhile, the topological edge states were found to be very robust in the presence of strain. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Monolayers

Quantum Hall phase in graphene engineered by interfacial charge coupling

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wang, Yaning Gao, Xiang Yang, Kaining Gu, Pingfan Lu, Xin Zhang, Shihao Gao, Yuchen Ren, Naijie Dong, Baojuan Jiang, Yuhang Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Kang, Jun Lou, Wenkai Mao, Jinhai Liu, Jianpeng Ye, Yu Han, Zheng Vitto Chang, Kai Zhang, Jing Zhang, Zhidong State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices Institute of Opto-Electronics Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China School of Material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Shenyang110016 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing100871 China State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics School of Physics Peking University Beijing100871 China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai201210 China ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics ShanghaiTech University Shanghai201210 China School of Physical Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing100193 China State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 912 Beijing100083 China Liaoning Academy of Materials 280 Chuangxin Road Shenyang110167 China

Quantum Hall effect (QHE), the ground to construct modern conceptual electronic systems with emerging physics [1-5], is often much influenced by the interplay between the host two-dimensional electron gases and the substrate, sometimes predicted to exhibit exotic topological states [6, 7]. Yet the understanding of the underlying physics and the controllable engineering of this paradigm of interaction remain challenging. Here we demonstrate the observation of an unusual QHE, which differs markedly from the known picture, in graphene samples in contact with an anti-ferromagnetic insulator CrOCl equipped with dual gates. Two distinct QH phases are developed, with the Landau levels in monolayer graphene remaining intact at the conventional phase, but largely distorted for the interfacial-coupling phase. The latter QH phase even presents in the limit of zero magnetic field, with the consequential Landau quantization following a parabolic relation between the displacement field D and the magnetic field B. This characteristic prevails up to 100 K in a sufficiently wide effective doping range from 0 to 1013 cm−2. Our findings thus open up new routes for manipulating the quantum electronic states, which may find applications in such as quantum metrology. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum Hall effect