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Manipulating and braiding Majorana corner modes on a kagome lattice

Physical Review B 2025年第14期111卷 144506-144506页

作者： San-Ren He Xiu-Lian Bi Jing Fan Zhen-Hua Wang Lin Li Dong-Hui Xu College of Physics and Electronic Engineering and Center for Computational Sciences Sichuan Normal University Chengdu 610068 China Center for Computational Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Physics and Chongqing Key Laboratory for Strongly Coupled Physics Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China Center of Quantum Materials and Devices Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China

Demonstrating the braiding of Majorana modes remains an unsolved problem in condensed matter physics because of platform-specific challenges. In this paper, we propose a two-dimensional (2D) kagome lattice with s-wave and d-wave superconductors as an effective platform for manipulating and braiding Majorana modes. Our findings reveal that the topological phase is highly sensitive to the application of uniaxial strain or variations in chemical potential, enabling real-space manipulation of Majorana modes. In proximity to an s-wave superconductor, we design the kagome lattice with only C/B-type sublattice terminations, and exchange the position of Majorana corner modes (MCMs) along the boundary. We further develop a porous kagome lattice to host and braid multiple MCMs, as experimentally measurable braiding requires at least four Majorana modes. When substituting the s-wave superconductor with a d-wave superconductor, we observe the emergence of Majorana Kramers pairs (MKPs). Importantly, the positions of the Dirac mass domain walls that bind the MKPs are sensitively dependent on the local boundary topology. By building a kagome lattice featuring solely C/B-type sublattice terminations and manipulating the local boundary topology, we can therefore exchange the positions of MKPs through applying inhomogeneous chemical potential and/or nonuniform uniaxial strain.

关键词： Topology

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Anisotropic Schottky-barrier-height in high-symmetry 2D WSe2: Momentum-space anisotropy

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xu, Nuo Zhao, Xiao-Lin Ren, Meng-Xue Hou, Ke-Xin Lv, Xiao-Huan Wang, Rui-Ning Shi, Xing-Qiang Wang, Jiang-Long Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials of Hebei Province Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Computational Physics College of Physics Science and Technology Hebei University Baoding071002 China

It is usually supposed that only low-symmetry two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit anisotropy, here we show that high-symmetry 2D semiconductors can show significant anisotropy in momentum space due to the band structure anisotropy in k-space. The basic reason is that different kpoints in the Brillouin zone have different symmetry. Using 2D semiconductor WSe2 as the example, we construct lateral heterostructures with zigzag and armchair connections to 2D metal NbSe2, and the electronic structure and contact characteristics of these two connections are analyzed. It is found that both connections exhibit p-type Schottky barrier height (SBH) but the sizes of SBH are very different (of 0.03 eV and 0.50 eV), mainly because the band-edge energies of WSe2 are different along the two mutually perpendicular directions in momentum space. There are two factors contributing to the SBH anisotropy: one is the different interface structure and the other is the band edge anisotropy of the 2D semiconductor WSe2. Since the two interface structures give only a difference in interface potential change by less than 0.1 eV, the SBH variation of ~0.47 eV is mainly from the band structure anisotropy in momentum-space. So, high-symmetry 2D materials may exhibit highly anisotropic electronic states in momentum space and this affects the transport properties. Our current work extends the research field of 2D material anisotropy to 2D materials with high real-space symmetry, thus greatly expands the candidate materials for anisotropic studies and provides new guidance for optimizing the performance of 2D material devices via controlling transport directions. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Schottky barrier diodes

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DFT insights into the gas sensing properties of light platinum group metal (Ru, Rh & Pd) doped MoSe₂ monolayers

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Surfaces and Interfaces 2025年 66卷

作者： Viveka, N. Poornimadevi, C. Kala, C. Preferencial Thiruvadigal, D. John Department of Physics and Nanotechnology Computational Materials Science and Nano Devices Simulation Laboratory College of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Kattankulathur 603203 India

The sensing of toxic gases like hydrogen (H₂), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is pivotal for ensuring environmental preservation and industrial safety. In this work, we have studied the electronic properties and sensing behaviour of pure MoSe₂ and X-MoSe₂ (X-Ru, Rh & Pd) monolayers using density functional theory (DFT). The dopants preferred to be replaced by Se to favour the stability and adsorption of gas molecules. The doped systems remain semiconductive and the reduction in band gap improves the conductivity, where doping changes charge distribution leading to better gas adsorption. The total density of states, projected density of states, electron density difference, and Mulliken population analysis support the surface changes. Significant charge transfer of the doped monolayers gives better adsorption energy for the gases. All three doped monolayers give substantial adsorption for H₂S gas. The Ru-MoSe₂ monolayer shows exceptional adsorption towards H₂S (-1.13 eV) and HCN (-1.71 eV) gases. At room temperature, the Pd-MoSe₂ monolayer recovers in 12.7 s despite chemisorption interaction with HCN gas, ensuring chances for high reusability. The doped monolayers are a good choice for next-generation gas sensors. © 2025

关键词： Chemisorption and recovery time DFT MoSe2 monolayer Substitutional doping

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Are there type-III multiferroics?

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Haojin Liu, Haitao Ye, Meng Li, Yuanchang Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing100088 China National Key Laboratory of Computational Physics Beijing100088 China Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics Beijing100193 China

Multiferroics are known to be classified into two types. However, type-I lacks sufficient magnetoelectric coupling and type-II lacks sufficient electric polarization, making both practically difficult. In this work, we explore the possibility of type-III multiferroics, where the origins of ferroelectricity and magnetism are highly intertwined but not causally related, with a combination of strong magnetoelectric coupling and large polarization. Our first-principles calculations predict that monolayer TiCdO4 is such a type-III ferroelectric-ferromagnetic multiferroics with both electronic and magnetic orders originating from competing electron populations on oxygen atoms. It shows an electric polarization of 50 µC/m2 while the maximum linear and quadratic magnetoelectric response are as high as 35000 ps/m and 1.59 × 10−14 s/A, respectively. Our study opens up new perspectives for the discovery and design of much-anticipated multiferroics that can be used for cross-modulation. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Ferroelectricity

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Tunable Raman activity and enhanced piezoelectricity of AlGeZ2 (Z= N, P, and As) monolayers: A first-principles calculation

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Ceramics International 2025年第14期51卷 19562-19567页

作者： Vu, Tuan V. Vi, Vo T.T. Phuc, Huynh V. Anh, Nguyen P.Q. Kartamyshev, A.I. Hieu, Nguyen N. Laboratory for Computational Physics Institute for Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh city Viet Nam Faculty of Mechanical - Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Technology Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh city Viet Nam Faculty of Basic Sciences University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hue University Hue Viet Nam Division of Physics School of Education Dong Thap University Cao Lanh Viet Nam Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications Saigon University 273 An Duong Vuong Ward 3 District 5 Ho Chi Minh city Viet Nam Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan University Da Nang550000 Viet Nam Faculty of Natural Sciences Duy Tan University Da Nang550000 Viet Nam

In this work, we theoretically design a series of two-dimensional (2D) materials with eight stacked sublayers AlGeZ2 (or Al2Ge2Z4) (Z= N, P, and As) and explore their structural, vibrational, piezoelectric, electronic, and transport properties via first-principles prediction. It is demonstrated that AlGeZ2 monolayers exhibit high structural stability by analyzing their phonon dispersions and ab initio molecular dynamics tests. Further, we also examine the vibrational characteristics and Raman activity of AlGeZ2 by using the finite displacement technique. At equilibrium, AlGeZ2 monolayers are found to be semiconductors with a moderate bandgap. AlGeZ2 semiconductors exhibit superior mechanical features with 2D in-plane stiffness up to 382.83 N/m (AlGeN2). The piezoelectricity examinations indicate that we can consider AlGeZ2 as piezoelectric semiconductors with in-plane piezoelectric coefficient d11 ranging from −0.22 to −0.44 pm/V. Importantly, AlGeZ2 semiconductors exhibit very high electron mobility, up to 3.71×103 cm2V−1s−1 (AlGeAs2), which is suitable for applications in flexible nanoelectronics. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Piezoelectricity

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Origin of the tiny energy gap and Dirac points in monoclinic trilayer nickelate La4Ni3O10

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Hu Hebei Research Center of The Basic Discipline for Computational Physics Hebei Key Laboratory of High-precision Computation and Application of Quantum Field Theory College of Physics Science and Technology Hebei University Baoding071002 China

Superconductivity was recently found in trilayer nickelate La4Ni3O10 under high pressure with a phase transition from the monoclinic P21/a structure to the tetragonal I4/mmm structure. Previous experimental works have confirmed the existence of a tiny energy gap formed with Ni 3dz2 orbitals in monoclinic La4Ni3O10. Here we investigate the physical origin of this gap by analyzing symmetry properties of energy bands based on the group theory. The tiny gap comes from energy bands with opposite parity at the Brillouin zone center. In addition, we also find previously unknown Dirac points in some momentum directions around the Fermi level. An effective Hamiltonian is constructed to describe low energy physics of the tiny energy gap and Dirac points. Due to the low crystal symmetry of monoclinic La4Ni3O10, its energy bands display strong anisotropic properties. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Hamiltonians

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Suppression of heading errors in Bell-Bloom optically pumped free-induction-decay alkali-metal atomic magnetometers

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Physical Review A 2025年第2期111卷 023119-023119页

作者： S.-Q. Liu X.-K. Wang X.-D. Zhang W. Xiao D. Sheng Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100193 China MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent Sensing Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230088 China

Heading errors of atomic magnetometers refer to the dependence of measurement results on the sensor orientation with respect to the external magnetic field. There are three main sources of such errors: the light shift effect, the linear nuclear-spin Zeeman effect, and the nonlinear Zeeman effect. In this work, we suppress the first two effects by using the Bell-Bloom optical pumping method and probe the atomic signals while the pumping beam is off, and focus on the heading error induced by nonlinear Zeeman effect while the sensor operates in the geomagnetic field range. We demonstrate several schemes to suppress this remaining heading error within 1 nT using a single magnetometer or a comagnetometer. In the magnetometer system, two schemes are developed to average out the horizontal atomic polarization in space or in time, respectively. In the comagnetometer system, we combine the simultaneously measured Larmor frequencies of two different alkali atoms to either suppress the heading error or extract the orientation of the pumping beam relative to the bias field.

关键词： Bells

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Corrections to “Fog Offloading and Task Management in IoT-Fog-Cloud Environment: Review of Algorithms, Networks and SDN Application”

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 60355-60356页

作者： Mohammad Reza Rezaee Nor Asilah Wati Abdul Hamid Masnida Hussin Zuriati Ahmad Zukarnain Department of Communication Technology and Network Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computer Science Kabul Education University Kabul Afghanistan Laboratory of Computational Sciences and Mathematical Physics Institute for Mathematical Research University Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia

Presents corrections to the paper, (Corrections to “Fog Offloading and Task Management in IoT-Fog-Cloud Environment: Review of Algorithms, Networks and SDN Application”).

关键词： Reviews

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Photonic Chiral State Transfer near the Liouvillian Exceptional Point

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Physical Review Letters 2025年第14期134卷 146602-146602页

作者： Huixia Gao Konghao Sun Dengke Qu Kunkun Wang Lei Xiao Wei Yi Peng Xue Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education School of Physics Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics Hefei 230026 China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100193 China School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Anhui University Hefei 230601 China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230088 China Anhui Center for Fundamental Sciences in Theoretical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

As branch-point singularities of non-Hermitian matrices, the exceptional points (EPs) exhibit unique spectral topology and criticality, with intriguing dynamic consequences in non-Hermitian settings. In quantum open systems, EPs also emerge in the Liouvillian spectrum, but their dynamic impact often pertains to the transient dynamics and is challenging to demonstrate. Here, using the flexible control afforded by single-photon interferometry, we study the chiral state transfer when the Liouvillian EP is parametrically encircled. Reconstructing the density-matrix evolution by experimentally simulating the quantum Langevin equation, we show that the chirality of the dynamics is only present within an intermediate encircling timescale and dictated by the landscape of the Liouvillian spectrum near the EP. However, the chirality disappears at long times as the system always relaxes to the steady state. We then demonstrate the power-law decay of the chirality in regard to the encircling time with a parameter-dependent exponent. Our experiment confirms the transient nature of chiral state transfer near a Liouvillian EP in quantum open systems, while our scheme paves the way for simulating general open-system dynamics using single photons.

关键词： Chirality

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Realization of zero skyrmion Hall angle by elongating skyrmions

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Physical Review B 2025年第13期111卷 134426-134426页

作者： Zhaohua Liu Shuang Li Qiyuan Zhu Xingqiang Shi Ruining Wang Jianglong Wang Hu Zhang Penglai Gong Ruqian Lian Chendong Jin Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Computational Physics Hebei Key Laboratory of High-precision Computation and Application of Quantum Field Theory College of Physics Science and Technology Hebei University Baoding 071002 People's Republic of China School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 People's Republic of China

Magnetic skyrmions are considered to be potential information carriers in racetrack memory. However, the skyrmion Hall effect limits the maximum speed of skyrmions along the current direction, which hampers their further application. Here, we investigate the fundamental properties of an elongated skyrmion induced by an anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). Spin-orbit torque-driven dynamics of the elongated skyrmion under various conditions, including anisotropic DMI, Gilbert damping, and current, are also performed by a combination of micromagnetic simulations and solutions of the Thiele equation. It is found that elongated skyrmions can realize a zero skyrmion Hall angle, and the gradient of Gilbert damping is an effective method to significantly control the skyrmion Hall angle. It should be noted that the rotational symmetry breaking of the elongated skyrmions results in lower thermal stability than the circular skyrmions. Our results offer the possibility of zero skyrmion Hall angle motion, which may help guide the potential application of elongated skyrmions in racetrack memory.

关键词： Anisotropy

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