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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第10期37卷 7107-7120页

作者： Saffarini, Rasha Khamayseh, Faisal Awwad, Yousef Sabha, Muath Eleyan, Derar IT Engineering Arab American University Jenin Palestine Department of Computer Science Palestine Polytechnic University Hebron Palestine Department of Computer System Engineering Palestine Technical University Tulkarm Palestine Department of Multimedia Technology Arab American University Jenin Palestine Department of Applied Computing Palestine Technical University Tulkarm Palestine

Different techniques have been developed for object detection and recognition. These techniques can be divided into single-shot and two-shot methods. Single-shot methods focus on real-time applications, while two-shot methods are used in applications requiring higher accuracy. However, different versions of the two-shot techniques produce limited results in terms of accuracy and speed, or both. Therefore, this study proposes a novel model called dynamic generative R-CNN (DGR-CNN) that reduces the number of proposed regions using a dynamic programming model that applies the graph similarity method over graph-based image segmentation. Additionally, the proposed model employs DCGAN technique to improve detection performance. DGR-CNN reduces the overall detection and classification time and enhances the detection accuracy. The PASCAL VOC2007 and MS COCO datasets were utilized to evaluate the model. The results showed that DGR-CNN significantly reduces the number of candidate regions compared to the selective search algorithm employed in R-CNN and fast R-CNN. Although fast R-CNN utilizes 2000 regions and faster R-CNN utilizes 300 regions, DGR-CNN reduces the number of regions to approximately 130. The mean average precision of the proposed method was 75.1% on the PASCAL VOC2007, while fast and faster R-CNN scored 66.9% and 69.9%, respectively. Moreover, the DGR-CNN model significantly improved the classification accuracy when tested on the MS COCO dataset, achieving an MAP of 68.76%, compared with 32.64% and 42.3% for fast and faster R-CNN. This increase in accuracy was achieved without significantly compromising the speed compared with faster R-CNN. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Molecular transport under extreme confinement

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第6期65卷 1-10页

作者： FengChao Wang JianHao Qian JingCun Fan JinChuan Li HengYu Xu HengAn Wu CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern MechanicsCAS Center for Excellence in Complex System MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

Mass transport through the nanoporous medium is ubiquitous in nature and *** the macroscale transport phenomena which have been well understood by the theory of continuum mechanics,the relevant physics and mechanics on the nanoscale transport still remain *** developments in fabrication of slit-like nanocapillaries with precise dimensions and atomically smooth surfaces have promoted the fundamental research on the molecular transport under extreme *** this review,we summarized the contemporary progress in the study of confined molecular transport of water,ions and gases,based on both experiments and molecular dynamics *** liquid exhibits a pronounced layered structure that extends over several intermolecular distances from the solid surface,which has a substantial influence on static properties and transport behaviors under *** studies have also shown that those molecular details could provide some new understanding on the century-old classical theory in this field.

关键词： confined mass transport nanocapillary solid-liquid interface confinement effect

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Effect of different assistive systems on elderly pedestrians’ road-crossing decisions

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Journal of Industrial and Production engineering 2023年第2期40卷 117-125页

作者： Ou, Yang-Kun Zhou, Yu-Zhen Fang, Chen-Wen Department of Creative Product Design Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology Tainan Taiwan Yunlin Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

This study seeks to explore the road-crossing behavior of elderly pedestrians and whether time cues can effectively reduce the risk of crossing. Past studies on road-crossing decision-making mostly focus on the increased risk in older pedestrians due to diminished cognitive functions but often overlooked the impact of providing information about time. Therefore, this study examined the effects of assistive systems providing two different types of time information, namely, remaining time and arriving time, on road-crossing in older pedestrians under different traffic situations. The results showed that both assistive systems reduced the road-crossing response time and collision rate in older adults. In general, the "remaining time system" was more effective, especially in the combination of short vehicle gap and high vehicle speed. Remaining time was found to be more intuitive for road-crossing decision-making. These findings contribute to effective ways to reduce the risk of road crossing in elderly pedestrians. © 2022 Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers.

关键词： Decision making

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Velocity measurements in single and parallel channels using concentration changes in aqueous methylene blue solution

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 145卷 761-771页

作者： Yujin Cho Hanbyeol Pak Chang-Whan Lee Jeong-Hyun Kim Department of Mechanical Information Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology Seoul 01811 Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical System Design Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology Seoul 01811 Republic of Korea

Fluid flow along a path confined by a solid wall is observed in various industries, ranging from microfluidic channels to industrial piping systems. A straightforward technique is needed to measure the velocity in a branched channel system. This study proposes a non-invasive method for measuring the velocity in opaque parallel channel flows under laminar flow conditions. An aqueous methylene blue solution was infused into a channel with a square cross-section prefilled with deionized water, allowing for measuring the velocity field based on variations in liquid concentration. The proposed technique was tested in several configurations: a straight single channel, parallel channels with varying numbers of flow paths and inlet distribution lengths. As the number of flow paths for the parallel channel increased and the inlet distribution length decreased, a non-uniform flow distribution was observed. In all cases, the experimental results were in good agreement with the simulation results.

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LBA: Matching Theory Based Latency-Sensitive Binary Offloading in IoT-Fog Networks 16

LBA: Matching Theory Based Latency-Sensitive Binary Offloadi...

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16th International Conference on COMmunication systems and NETworkS, COMSNETS 2024

作者： Soni, Priyanka Deshlahre, Omkar Chand Satpathy, Anurag Addya, Sourav Kanti National Institute of Technology Karnataka Cloud and Smart System Services Lab Department of Computer Science and Engineering India Missouri University of Science and Technology RollaMO United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383119

The Internet of Things (IoT) is growing more popular with applications like healthcare services, traffic monitoring, video streaming, smart homes, etc. These applications produce an enormous amount of data, so a realistic option in this instance is to offload computational tasks to their proximity fog nodes (FNs) instead of the remote cloud. However, a negligent offloading strategy may cause anomalous computational traffic load at the FNs, causing congestion that may adversely affect the latency. However, the latency of task flows from IoT devices comprises communications latency at BS and computational latency at FNs. Therefore, designing offloading algorithms to distribute the computational load at FN evenly and efficiently utilize the FN resources is crucial. To solve this problem, we proposed LBA in a fog network with a binary offloading strategy using the matching theory-based approach. We utilize the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to generate the preference list. Furthermore, the binary offloading technique follows the deferred acceptance algorithm (DAA) to produce a stable assignment, and the complete offloading problem is modeled as a one-to-many matching game. Comprehensive simulations ensure that LBA can accomplish a better-balanced assignment for homogeneous and heterogeneous input concerning all the baseline algorithms. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Binary offloading Fog computing IoT Load balancing Matching Theory

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Ga/GaSb nanostructures:Solution-phase growth for highperformance infrared photodetection

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Nano Research 2023年第2期16卷 3304-3311页

作者： Huanran Li Su You Yongqiang Yu Lin Ma Li Zhang Qing Yang Hefei National Research Center of Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of ChemistryLaboratory of Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion(LNEC)University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)Hefei 230026China Micro Electromechanical System Research Center of Engineering and Technology of Anhui Province School of Electrical Science and Applied Physics Hefei University of Technology(HFUT)Hefei 230009China Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)Suzhou 215123China

Gallium antimonide(GaSb)-based nanostructures have been reported via various vapor-phase synthetic routes while there is not a report on the growth of GaSb nanostructures via a complete one-step solution-phase synthetic *** we report the design and synthesis of tadpole-like Ga/GaSb nanostructures by a one-step solution-phase synthetic route typically from the precursors of commercial triphenyl antimony(Sb(Ph)_(3))and trimethylaminogallium(Ga(NMe_(2))_(3))at 260°C in *** GaSb nanocrystals are grown based on a solution–liquid–solid(SLS)mechanism with zinc blende phase,and their size and shape can be controlled in the procedures via manipulating the reaction ***,the tadpole-like Ga/GaSb nanostructures can be applied for the fabrication of a GaSb/Si nanostructured heterojunction-like photodetector over silicon wafer,which demonstrates excellent photoresponse and detection performances from wavelength of 405 to 1,064 nm with high photoresponding ***,the photodetector exhibits a high responsivity of 18.9 A·W^(−1),a superior detectivity of 1.1×10^(13)Jones,and an ultrafast response speed of 44 *** present work provides a new strategy to group III–V antimonide-based semiconducting nanostructures that are capable for the fabrication of photodetector with broadband,high-detectivity,and high-speed photodetecting performances.

关键词： Ga/GaSb nanostructure metal-semiconductor heterojunction narrow bandgap semiconductor solution-liquid-solid(SLS)growth model GaSb/Si heterojunction photodetector hybrid nanostructured photodetector infrared photodetection

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A Novel Intelligent Task Offloading Scheme for Multi-Controller Environment in Software Defined Internet of Vehicles

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 20018-20029页

作者： Hussain, Mir Wajahat Sangaiah, Arun Kumar Reddy, K. Hemant Kumar Roy, Diptendu Sinha Alenazi, Mohammed J.F. Javvaji, Pavan Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Alliance College of Engineering and Design Alliance University Karnataka Anekal562106 India International Graduate Institute of Artificial Intelligence National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Selangor Petaling Jaya47500 Malaysia University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali140413 India School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT-AP University Andhra Pradesh Amaravati522237 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Meghalaya 793003 India College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Computer Engineering King Saud University Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV), equipped with sensors, generates vast amounts of data, demanding rigorous computation and network. The cloud computing platform meets these stringent computation requirements, but it has a significant latency that fog computing effectively handles. Software Defined Network (SDN) has become the de facto standard for next-generation networking due to its unique and flexible features, which handle the network pre-requisites in an agile manner. Task Offloading (TO) is a crucial issue in Software Defined-IoV (SDIoV), particularly when the vehicle's resources are insufficient. Fog nodes schedule offloaded tasks;however, neglecting computational and network details during task scheduling can lead to longer completion times, thereby restricting the functionality of SD-IoV due to its time-sensitive nature. Therefore, this paper introduces two proactive Intelligent Task Offloading (ITO' and ITO) schemes. These schemes schedule tasks onto fog nodes with enhanced computational capabilities, dynamically enable the network through the ovs-ofctl SDN utility, and consider vehicle mobility during task scheduling. Experiments with Mininet show that the proposed (ITO' and ITO) schemes improve performance in terms of CPU availability, bandwidth, and throughput by 5.2 times, 50% and (30.7-13.9)% more than the existing scheme. They also reduce average packet loss, delay, Round Trip Time (RTT), and offloaded node time selection by (45.35-21.3)%, (50-33.3)%, (53.9-9.9)% and (43.2-26.06)% which demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed scheme. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Fog computing

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Learning to Branch in Combinatorial Optimization With Graph Pointer Networks

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 157-169页

作者： Rui Wang Zhiming Zhou Kaiwen Li Tao Zhang Ling Wang Xin Xu Xiangke Liao IEEE the Xiangjiang Laboratory and the College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China the Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China the College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073 the Hunan Key Laboratory of Multi-Energy System Intelligent Interconnection Technology Changsha 410073China the Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China the College of Intelligence Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China the College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Traditional expert-designed branching rules in branch-and-bound(B&B) are static, often failing to adapt to diverse and evolving problem instances. Crafting these rules is labor-intensive, and may not scale well with complex *** the frequent need to solve varied combinatorial optimization problems, leveraging statistical learning to auto-tune B&B algorithms for specific problem classes becomes attractive. This paper proposes a graph pointer network model to learn the branch rules. Graph features, global features and historical features are designated to represent the solver state. The graph neural network processes graph features, while the pointer mechanism assimilates the global and historical features to finally determine the variable on which to branch. The model is trained to imitate the expert strong branching rule by a tailored top-k Kullback-Leibler divergence loss function. Experiments on a series of benchmark problems demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly outperforms the widely used expert-designed branching rules. It also outperforms state-of-the-art machine-learning-based branch-and-bound methods in terms of solving speed and search tree size on all the test instances. In addition, the model can generalize to unseen instances and scale to larger instances.

关键词： Branch-and-bound(B&B) combinatorial optimization deep learning graph neural network imitation learning

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Establishing a Secure Mobile Online Banking system using AES 3

Establishing a Secure Mobile Online Banking System using AES

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3rd IEEE Delhi Section Flagship Conference, DELCON 2024

作者： Karpagalakshmi, R.C. Lenin, J. Robin Rohit, V. Saravanan, K. Rajesh Sharma, R. Banshal, Sumit Kumar Alliance College of Engineering and Design Alliance University Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Bangalore India School of Computer Science & Engineering and Information Science Presidency University Bangalore India New Horizon College of Engineering Department of Information Science Engineering Bangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518592

Using a mobile phone or other portable device to conduct financial transactions online is known as 'mobile banking.' Activities such as verifying one's account balance, transferring funds to another account, making bill payments, and finding a local automated teller machine (ATM) are included under this classification. Due to the significant expenses associated with implementing this technology, Authentication of users, data privacy, non-repudiation, data integrity, and obtainability of services are all areas where people have voiced concerns. The analysis described in this paper introduces a more advantageous and convenient framework for addressing these issues. The proposed approach effectively accomplishes its intended goals via the use of a widely adopted technique known as salting, which involves the application of the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA512) to obfuscate sensitive information such as user IDs and passwords. The encoding and decoding procedures used the Advanced Encoding Standard (AES) technique while implementing one-time passwords (OTPs) was implemented to enhance user authentication. The design approach used PHP, JScript, CSS, and a MySQL database. The password recovery technique was used to assess the model's credibility and reliability and acquire the outcomes. This program enhances the process of recovering passwords across various scenarios. It intercepts network traffic using dictionary attacks, brute-force assaults, and cryptanalytics attacks to decrypt encrypted passwords. Additionally, it uncovers password bins, retrieves secreted passwords and analyses routing protocols. The gathered findings support the idea's feasibility since the encrypted and hashed data demonstrates resistance to unauthorized access. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Automatic teller machines

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Examining learners’ cognitive processes and learning emotions in digital game-based vocabulary learning: evidence from eye-tracking technology and facial emotion recognition

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Interactive technology and Smart Education 2024年第2期22卷 304-331页

作者： Wang, Chun-Chia Chen, Hsuan-Chu Hung, Jason C. School of Information and Design Chang Jung Christian University Tainan Taiwan Department of Digital Media Design Chang Jung Christian University Tainan Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan

Purpose: This research explored the intersection of cognitive processes, emotions and their impacts on digital game-based vocabulary learning (DGVL) among university students. Recognizing the scant research in this area, especially with integrating innovative technologies, this study aims to understand the influence of these elements using advanced monitoring tools. design/methodology/approach: This inquiry was carried out as an observational study involving 44 university students segmented into three English language proficiency levels: high, intermediate and low based on their English course scores. The methodological tools included a portable eye tracker to observe visual behaviors and deep learning technology to identify and analyze the participants’ emotional responses and engagement with the DGVL during the learning process. Findings: The results showed that distinct fixation sequences and variations in visual attention during DGVL were correlated with different levels of competency, suggesting a direct correlation between visual engagement and language competence. In addition, emotional transitions, predominantly from engagement (“flow”) to challenge (“frustration”), were common among participants, reflecting the emotional dynamics of learning. Furthermore, all participants consistently focused on the English vocabulary definitions, indicative of their targeted approach to understanding and test preparation. These findings highlighted the intricate dynamics between emotions and cognitive processes in learning environments. Originality/value: Contribution of this study shows the interplay of cognitive engagement and emotional experiences in the context of DGVL. It underscored the complex nature of these factors and their collective influence on learners’ visual and emotional engagement, offering valuable implications for educational strategies and technological applications in language learning. © 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited.

关键词： Affective computing Convolutional neural networks Digital game-based learning Eye-tracking technology Transfer learning

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