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Thermodynamic analysis of metal segregation in dual phase high entropy ceramics

Journal of Materiomics 2024年第4期10卷 889-895页

作者： Steven M.Smith II William G.Fahrenholtz Gregory E.Hilmas Stefano Curtarolo Missouri University of Science and Technology Materials Science and Engineering DepartmentRollaMO65409USA Duke University Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials ScienceDurhamNC27708USA Duke University Center of Autonomous Materials DesignDurhamNC27708USA

Equilibrium Gibbs'free energy calculations were used to determine metal segregation trends between boride and carbide solid solutions containing two metals that are relevant to dual phase high entropy *** model predicted that Ti had the strongest tendency to segregate to the boride phase followed by Zr,Nb,Mo,V,Hf,and Ta,which matches experimental results of measured *** ratio of a metal in the carbide phase to the content of the same metal in the corresponding metal boride had a linear trend with the change in standard Gibbs'free energy of reaction for a metal carbide reacting with B_(4)C to produce its corresponding metal boride and *** proposed model was used to predict the changes in standard Gibbs'free energy for CrC→CrB_(2) to be−260 kJ and WC→WB_(2) to be 148 kJ,which indicates that Cr has the strongest segregation to the boride and W has the strongest segregation to the *** proposed model can be used to estimate the segregation of metals in dual phase high entropy boride-carbide ceramics of any boride/carbide ratio or metal content.

关键词： Dual phase High entropy ceramic Boride Carbide Thermodynamics

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Thrust Control with Switching in Electrodynamic Propulsion systems with Corona Discharge

Thrust Control with Switching in Electrodynamic Propulsion S...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics, ICM 2025

作者： Yashita, Shigeki Katagiri, Hiroaki Kitamura, Tomoya Nozaki, Takahiro Graduate School of Integrated Design Engineering Keio University Yokohama Japan Tokyo University of Science Department of Electrical Engineering Noda Japan Keio University Department of System Design Engineering Yokohama Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533892

Electroaerodynamics (EAD) is one phenomenon that manipulates gas with high voltage. Corona discharge is a typical example and is known to produce thrust quietly without moving parts. Therefore, it is expected to be utilized in various ways, such as a thrust source of drones. As thrust with corona discharge depends on the applied voltage, it is necessary to manipulate the applied voltage for thrust control. However, large-scale systems require several tens of kV, and there is little adequate research on these systems. Thus, an adequate switching method is essential, and it is also crucial to elucidate the effect of switching on thrust. Hence, this study conducted thrust control with corona discharge and analyzed the influence of switching on thrust. Specifically, a resistor is connected in series to the electrode, and a switching element is connected in parallel with the resistor. The proposed method stabilizes and limits the voltage applied to the switching element and effectively controls the thrust and the voltage applied to the electrode. Two experiments were conducted to reveal the electrical characteristics of the electrode in corona discharge and confirm the effectiveness of the proposal. The first experiment showed the potential of switching for the electrode with corona discharge on the collector side. Moreover, the second experiment demonstrated that the proposed switching method worked properly, and thrust can be controlled by changing the duty ratio of switching. The achievements of this study are expected to control levitation systems EAD, such as corona discharge, and realize stable control. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Electric corona

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Improved vision-only localization method for mobile robots in indoor environments

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Autonomous Intelligent systems 2024年第1期4卷 153-165页

作者： Gang Huang Liangzhu Lu Yifan Zhang Gangfu Cao Zhe Zhou School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Hubei Key Laboratory of Power System Design and Test for Electrical Vehicle Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441053China

To solve the problem of mobile robots needing to adjust their pose for accurate operation after reaching the target point in the indoor environment,a localization method based on scene modeling and recognition has been ***,the offline scene model is created by both handcrafted feature and semantic ***,the scene recognition and location calculation are performed online based on the offline scene *** improve the accuracy of recognition and location calculation,this paper proposes a method that integrates both semantic features matching and handcrafted features *** on the results of scene recognition,the accurate location is obtained through metric calculation with 3D *** experimental results show that the accuracy of scene recognition is over 90%,and the average localization error is less than 1 *** results demonstrate that the localization has a better performance after using the proposed improved method.

关键词： Deep learning Mobile robot Scene recognition Visual localization

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Integrated Information Representation Using IEEE P2992 and Its Application Use Cases 50

Integrated Information Representation Using IEEE P2992 and I...

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50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2024

作者： Kozakai, Makiko Hayashi, Emiri Nishi, Hiroaki Graduate School of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Japan Department of System Design Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464543

Recently, smart agriculture utilizing Information and Communication technology (ICT) and robotics has gained attention. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standards Association is developing standard P2992 for smart agricultural data design. Research on crop feature representation exists but lacks universal methods and real-world application. This study proposes a method to represent crop growth and environments in JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format based on P2992, applied to cooperative farmers’ greenhouse management. The method includes feature extraction, environment data acquisition, and JSON representation. As a result of the designed application, flower detection achieved 84.5% conformance and 86.1% recall, with a data size reduction of over 99% compared to traditional methods. Applications using temperature and crop data show potential for effective cultivation and sales management by using simple JSONata scripts, suggesting P2992's practicality and usefulness in real-world environments. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Crops

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Unsupervised Anomaly Sound Analysis Method Using StyleGAN2 to Estimate the Degree and Type of Abnormalities 50

Unsupervised Anomaly Sound Analysis Method Using StyleGAN2 t...

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50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2024

作者： Yasuda, Riko Sugawara, Ayaki Nishi, Hiroaki Graduate School of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Japan Department of System Design Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464543

This study proposes a pioneering approach for anomaly detection in smart factories through the analysis of equipment acoustic data, leveraging the StyleGAN2-ADA deep generative model, originally developed for facial image generation, to analyze acoustic data. This method shows the potential to accurately estimate the severity and type of unusual sounds, allowing for early identification of equipment faults or wear and tear, and subsequently estimating their operational lifespan. Specifically, acoustic data from small motors are converted into Mel spectrograms, which are treated as images. By training the StyleGAN2-ADA model with these spectrograms and analyzing the resulting latent vectors, the technique classifies the nature and extent of anomalies in previously unseen acoustic data. Using unsupervised learning to analyze anomalous sounds holds significant potential for improving industrial monitoring and maintenance planning. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Spectrographs

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Stairdepth: a novel staircase detection through depth maps generated by depth anything V2

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International Journal of Information technology (Singapore) 2025年第4期17卷 2075-2086页

作者： Shekar, Avire Laxmi Chandra Chandrika, Mukkolla Bhuvana Naidu, Vakkalagadda Hemanth Muppalaneni, Naresh Babu Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Kurnool Kurnool India

Detection of a staircase is an important task in the fields of both assistive technology and autonomous navigation with an aim to enable substantial improvement in safety and accessibility for both those with limited vision and those with mobility problems. Classic methods often perform poorly under challenging conditions, such as low lighting, irregular architectural arrangements, or occluded views. Whereas the integration of physical depth sensors has increased detection accuracy, this integration introduces increased complexity, cost and greater maintenance issues. Our work proposes a novel architecture capable of directly estimating depth maps from color images using a pre-trained model without relying on physical sensors for depth estimation. It detects the staircase efficiently, including the classification of stair lines into concave or convex, with the classification of surfaces as a tread or riser, hence localizing staircases accurately. Our proposed methodology demonstrated exceptional results, with 83.2% Precision, 90.8% Recall, and 72.2% Intersection over Union on stair line classification and 97.1% Pixel Accuracy and 82.9% Mean Pixel Accuracy on stair surfaces by outperforming the efficacy of current approaches pertaining to stair line and surface classification. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of Computer Applications and Management 2025.

关键词： Depth image Segmentation Stair surfaces Staircase detection StairDepth Stairline

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Dragging 3D printing technique controls pore sizes of tissue engineered blood vessels to induce spontaneous cellular assembly

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第1期31卷 590-602页

作者： Hun-Jin Jeong Hyoryung Nam Jae-Seok Kim Sungkeon Cho Hyun-Ha Park Young-Sam Cho Hyungkook Jeon Jinah Jang Seung-Jae Lee Department of Mechanical Engineering Wonkwang University54538IksanRepublic of Korea Department of Convergence IT Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology37673PohangGyeongbukRepublic of Korea Department of Mechanical and Design Engineering Wonkwang University54538IksanRepublic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology37673PohangGyeongbukRepublic of Korea School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology37673PohangGyeongbukRepublic of Korea Institute of Convergence Science Yonsei University03722SeoulRepublic of Korea Regenerative Engineering Laboratory Columbia University630W 168th STNew York10032USA Department of Manufacturing Systems and Design Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology01811SeoulRepublic of Korea

To date,several off-the-shelf products such as artificial blood vessel grafts have been reported and clinically tested for small diameter vessel(SDV)***,conventional artificial blood vessel grafts lack endothelium and,thus,are not ideal for SDV transplantation as they can cause *** addition,a suc-cessful artificial blood vessel graft for SDV must have sufficient mechanical properties to withstand various external ***,we developed a spontaneous cellular assembly SDV(S-SDV)that develops without additional *** improving the dragging 3D printing technique,SDV constructs with free-form,multilayers and controllable pore size can be fabricated at ***,The S-SDV filled in the natural poly-mer bioink containing human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)and human aorta smooth muscle cells(HAoSMCs).The endothelium can be induced by migration and self-assembly of endothelial cells through pores of the SDV *** antiplatelet adhesion of the formed endothelium on the luminal surface was also *** addition,this S-SDV had sufficient mechanical properties(burst pressure,suture retention,leakage test)for *** believe that the S-SDV could address the challenges of conventional SDVs:notably,endothelial formation and mechanical *** particular,the S-SDV can be designed simply as a free-form structure with a desired pore *** endothelial formation through the pore is easy even in free-form con-structs,it is expected to be useful for endothelial formation in vascular structures with branch or curve shapes,and in other tubular tissues such as the esophagus.

关键词： Small diameter vessel Dragging 3D printing Pore control Spontaneous cellular assembly

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Emergent antisymmetric wrinkling patterns in films on ridged substrates

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第11期66卷 179-187页

作者： Jiahui Zhang Yi Sun Linghui He Yong Ni CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern MechanicsCAS Center for Excellence in Complex System MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

We report the formation of antisymmetric wrinkling patterns in films on ridged substrates induced by the buckling instability of the substrates via finite element simulations and *** simulated results reveal that the uniaxial compression along the ridge can trigger both the wrinkling instability of the film and the lateral buckling instability of the *** latter could change the wrinkles from a symmetric pattern to an antisymmetric pattern in a range of film-substrate modulus ratio and aspect ratio of the ridge profile,as validated by the experimental observations.A three-dimensional phase diagram with four buckling patterns,i.e.,sole ridge buckling pattern,antisymmetric wrinkling pattern with different wavelengths from ridge buckling,symmetric wrinkling pattern without ridge buckling,and antisymmetric wrinkling pattern with the same wavelength as ridge buckling,is built with respect to the uniaxial compression,modulus ratio,and aspect *** results not only elucidate how and when the interplay between the wrinkling instability and the ridge instability results in the formation of the antisymmetric wrinkling pattern but also offer a way to generate controllable complex wrinkling patterns.

关键词： wrinkling pattern buckling instability ridged film-substrate system antisymmetric wrinkles

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Machine learned interatomic potentials for ternary carbides trained on the AFLOW database

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npj Computational Materials 2024年第1期10卷 1791-1800页

作者： Josiah Roberts Biswas Rijal Simon Divilov Jon-Paul Maria William G.Fahrenholtz Douglas E.Wolfe Donald W.Brenner Stefano Curtarolo Eva Zurek Department of Chemistry State University of New York at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Center for Autonomous Materials Design Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMOUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA

Large-density functional theory(DFT)databases are a treasure trove of energies,forces,and stresses that can be used to train machine-learned interatomic potentials for atomistic ***,we employ structural relaxations from the AFLOWdatabase to train moment tensor potentials(MTPs)for four carbide systems:CHfTa,CHfZr,CMoW,and *** resulting MTPs are used to relax~6300 random symmetric structures,and are subsequently improved via active learning to generate robust potentials(RP)that can relax a wide variety of structures,and accurate potentials(AP)designed for the relaxation of low-energy *** protocol is shown to yield convex hulls that are indistinguishable from those predicted by AFLOWfor the CHfTa,CHfZr,and CTaTi systems,and in the case of the CMoW system to predict thermodynamically stable structures that are not found within AFLOW,highlighting the potential of the employed protocol within crystal structure *** of over three hundred(Mo1−xWx)C stoichiometry crystals first with the RP then with the AP yields formation enthalpies that are in excellent agreement with those obtained via DFT.

关键词： carbide carbides relaxation

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Preparation of ruthenium oxide catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction in HT-PAWE by pulsed electrodeposition

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2024年第PartB期52卷 917-927页

作者： Chen, Tse-Jui Yeh, Tsung-Kuang Wang, Mei-Ya Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan

Despite the fact that the technique of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) dominates the market because of its low temperature of operation, platinum as a catalyst renders it relatively expensive. In this work, we demonstrated a recyclable ruthenium catalyst with high stability, high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance and low onset potential. In particular, instead of PEMWE, the technique of high temperature phosphoric acid water electrolysis (HT-PAWE) was used, with ruthenium oxide as its anode catalyst and a high operation temperature to decrease the amount of noble metals being used. Ruthenium was chosen in this study due to its excellent catalytic activity. The possibility of recycling and reusing noble metals would ease the problem of high cost. Homemade ruthenium catalyst in this study exhibited an outstanding OER performance including high stability and high current density than those of commercial platinum catalyst. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) test results showed that a maximum current density of 190 mA/cm2 was reached at only 1.5VSCE. For this experiment, ruthenium (III) chloride hydrate (RuCl3·3H2O) was used as the precursor, and potassium chloride (KCl) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) acted as the supporting electrolyte. Pulsed electrodeposition was chosen to achieve a better control in particle size and distribution of the catalyst over selected specimens. After electrodeposition, the specimens underwent thermal treatment for increasing stability in catalyst particles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were used to observe the morphology and to analyze the OER performance of the specimens, respectively. Types of catalyst carrier, electrodeposition potential and duration, and thermal treatment temperature were studied. As a result, all four parameters affected the morphologies and electrochemical performances of the tested specimens. © 2023 Hydrogen Energy Publications LL

关键词： Particle size

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