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Response Surface Optimization of Brake Thermal Efficiency and Specific Fuel Consumption of Spark-Ignition Engine Fueled with Gasoline-Pyrooil and Gasoline-Pyrooil-Ethanol Blends

SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants

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SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants 2024年第1期18卷

作者： Manickavelan, K. Sivaganesan, S. Sivamani, S. Kulkarni, Mithun V. Vels Institute of Science Technology & Advanced Studies India Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences India Vijaya Vittala Institute of Technology India

The present study explores the performance of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pyrooil and ethanol blends with gasoline in SI engine using statistical modeling and analysis using response surface methodology (RSM) and the Anderson-Darling (AD) residual test. The pyrooil was extracted from HDPE through pyrolysis at 450°C and then distilled to separate the liquid fraction. Two blends were prepared by combining pyrooil and gasoline, and pyrooil-ethanol mixture (volume ratio of 9:1) and gasoline, both at volumetric concentrations ranging from 2% to 8% to evaluate brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and specific fuel consumption (SFC) in a SI engine. An experimental matrix containing speed, torque, and blend ratio as independent variables for both blends were designed, analyzed, and optimized using the RSM. The results show that a 4% blend of pyrooil with gasoline (P4) and a 6% blend of pyrooil-ethanol mixture with gasoline (P6E) were optimum for an SI engine. Also, the experimental findings show that the P6E blend exhibits 11% higher BTE and 11.82% lower SFC compared to base fuel (pure gasoline), and 7.55% higher BTE and 6% lower SFC than P4. From the AD test, the residuals for BTE and SFC follow a normal distribution. The results conclude that distilled HDPE pyrooil could be used in SI engines at concentrations of P4 and P6E without requiring engine modification. © 2025 SAE International.

关键词： Gasoline

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Swarming Magnetic Fe_(3)O_(4)@Polydopamine-Tannic Acid Nanorobots:Integrating Antibiotic-Free Superficial Photothermal and Deep Chemical Strategies for Targeted Bacterial Elimination

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Research 2025年第1期2024卷 840-853页

作者： Luying Si Shuming Zhang Huiru Guo Wei Luo Yuqin Feng Xinkang Du Fangzhi Mou Huiru Ma Jianguo Guan State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing International School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhanChina Wuhan Institute of Photochemistry and Technology WuhanChina School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of TechnologyWuhanChina

Micro/nanorobots(MNRs)are envisioned to provide revolutionary changes to therapies for infectious diseases as they can deliver various antibacterial agents or energies to many hard-to-reach infection ***,existing MNRs face substantial challenges in addressing complex infections that progress from superficial to deep ***,we develop swarming magnetic Fe3O4@polydopamine-tannic acid nanorobots(Fe3O4@PDA-TA NRs)capable of performing targeted bacteria elimination in complicated bacterial infections by integrating superficial photothermal and deep chemical *** Fe3O4@PDA-TA nanoparticles(NPs),serving as building blocks of the nanorobots,are fabricated by in situ polymerization of dopamine followed by TA *** driven by alternating magnetic fields,Fe3O4@PDA-TA NPs can assemble into large energetic microswarms continuously flowing forward with tunable ***,the swarming Fe3O4@PDA-TA NRs can be navigated to achieve rapid broad coverage of a targeted superficial area from a distance and rapidly eradicate bacteria residing there upon exposure to near-infrared(NIR)light due to their efficient photothermal ***,they can concentrate at deep infection sites by traversing through confined,narrow,and tortuous passages,exerting sustained antibacterial action through their surface TA-induced easy cell adhesion and subsequent membrane ***,the swarming Fe3O4@PDA-TA NRs show great potential for addressing complex superficial-to-deep *** study may inspire the development of future therapeutic microsystems for various diseases with multifunction synergies,task flexibility,and high efficiency.

关键词： therapies infectious diseases complex infections chemical therapy magnetic nanoparticles polydopamine photothermal therapy targeted bacteria elimination tannic acid

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Microstructure evolution and performance improvement of powder metallurgy stainless steel with P addition

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2023年第10期30卷 2055-2066页

作者： Qian Qin Dao-qing Zhang Fang Yang Cun-guang Chen Jun-jie Hao Zhi-meng Guo Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Shunde Innovation School University of Science and Technology BeijingGuangzhou 528399GuangdongChina

P-containing 316L stainless steel was prepared by powder metallurgy technology using gas atomized alloy powder and phosphorus-iron alloy powder as raw materials.P addition was beneficial to sintering *** 0.6 wt.%P addition,the density increased from 7.60 to 7.82 g/cm^(3).In such case,the samples with 0.6 wt.%P addition should be sintered at a lower temperature of 1200℃.Otherwise,there were coarse grain boundary precipitates,which would seriously deteriorate the performance of stainless *** the case of suppressing the formation of coarse precipitates,appropriate P content had a beneficial effect on apparent morphology,hardness and strength of stainless *** 316L-0.6 wt.%P sample was sintered at 1200℃,the hardness and tensile strength were increased to 86.3 HRB and 672.8 MPa,respectively,and the elongation still reached 38.1%.Besides,it also had good corrosion resistance.

关键词： Phosphorus Stainless steel Powder metallurgy Precipitate phase Performance

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Significant influence of trace Li on the mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, and antibacterial properties of biodegradable Zn–4Cu alloys

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2023年第20期151卷 245-257页

作者： Shiyu Huang Heng Liu Yanjing Su Lijie Qiao Yu Yan Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Corrosion and Protection CenterInstitute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100083China

In this work,trace Li was introduced to strengthen Zn–4Cu *** results indicated that trace amounts of Li contributed to a significant increase in strength,resulting in an acceptable loss of elongation at ***,Li in the form of LiZn_(4) led to more intensive galvanic corrosion,which accelerated the early corrosion *** release of a large amount of Zn^(2+),caused by the addition of Li,affected the phase composition of the main Zn-containing corrosion ***,the inhibition effect of the alloy on Staphylococcus aureus(***)was enhanced by the addition of 0.02 wt.%Li.

关键词： Microalloying Zn-Cu alloy LiZn_(4)/Zn pairs Biodegradable mechanism SKPFM

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Design Strategies for Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries with High Zinc Utilization: From Metal Anodes to Anode-Free Structures

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 305-349页

作者： Xianfu Zhang Long Zhang Xinyuan Jia Wen Song Yongchang Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing30 College RoadBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China

Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage due to the excellent safety, environmental friendliness, natural abundance, high theoretical specific capacity, and low redox potential of zinc(Zn) metal. However,several issues such as dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution, corrosion, and passivation of Zn metal anodes cause irreversible loss of the active materials. To solve these issues, researchers often use large amounts of excess Zn to ensure a continuous supply of active materials for Zn anodes. This leads to the ultralow utilization of Zn anodes and squanders the high energy density of AZMBs. Herein, the design strategies for AZMBs with high Zn utilization are discussed in depth, from utilizing thinner Zn foils to constructing anode-free structures with theoretical Zn utilization of 100%, which provides comprehensive guidelines for further research. Representative methods for calculating the depth of discharge of Zn anodes with different structures are first summarized. The reasonable modification strategies of Zn foil anodes, current collectors with pre-deposited Zn, and anode-free aqueous Zn metal batteries(AF-AZMBs) to improve Zn utilization are then detailed. In particular, the working mechanism of AF-AZMBs is systematically introduced. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for constructing high-utilization Zn anodes are presented.

关键词： Aqueous zinc metal batteries Zinc anodes High zinc utilization Depth of discharge Anode-free structures

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Multifunctional Nacre‑Like Nanocomposite Papers for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding via Heterocyclic Aramid/MXene Template‑Assisted In‑Situ Polypyrrole Assembly

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 37-54页

作者： Jinhua Xiong Xu Zhao Zonglin Liu He Chen Qian Yan Huanxin Lian Yunxiang Chen Qingyu Peng Xiaodong He National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology On Advanced Composites in Special Environments Center for Composite Materials and StructuresHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080People’s Republic of China

Robust, ultra-flexible, and multifunctional MXene-basedelectromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding nanocomposite filmsexhibit enormous potential for applications in artificial intelligence,wireless telecommunication, and portable/wearable electronic *** this work, a nacre-inspired multifunctional heterocyclic aramid(HA)/MXene@polypyrrole (PPy) (HMP) nanocomposite paper withlarge-scale, high strength, super toughness, and excellent tolerance tocomplex conditions is fabricated through the strategy of HA/MXenehydrogel template-assisted in-situ assembly of PPy. Benefiting from the"brick-and-mortar" layered structure and the strong hydrogen-bondinginteractions among MXene, HA, and PPy, the paper exhibits remarkable mechanical performances, including high tensile strength (309.7 MPa),outstanding toughness (57.6 MJ m−3), exceptional foldability, and structural stability against ultrasonication. By using the template effect ofHA/MXene to guide the assembly of conductive polymers, the synthesized paper obtains excellent electronic conductivity. More importantly,the highly continuous conductive path enables the nanocomposite paper to achieve a splendid EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 54.1 dBat an ultra-thin thickness (25.4 μm) and a high specific EMI SE of 17,204.7 dB cm2g−1. In addition, the papers also have excellent applicationsin electromagnetic protection, electro-/photothermal de-icing, thermal therapy, and fire safety. These findings broaden the ideas for developinghigh-performance and multifunctional MXene-based films with enormous application potential in EMI shielding and thermal management.

关键词： MXene Remarkable mechanical properties Heterocyclic aramid Electromagnetic interference shielding Polypyrrole Multifunctionality

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Valuable metals recovery from spent ternary lithium-ion battery:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第12期31卷 2556-2581页

作者： Hao Liao Shengen Zhang Bo Liu Xuefeng He Jixin Deng Yunji Ding Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Shunde Innovation School University of Science and Technology BeijingFoshan 528399China Institute of Engineering Technology SINOPEC Catalyst Co.Ltd.Beijing 101111China Xinjiang Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Urumqi 830009China

Ternary lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),widely used in new energy vehicles and electronic products,are known for their high en-ergy density,wide operating temperature range,and excellent cycling *** the rapid development of the battery industry,the recycling of spent ternary LIBs has become a hot topic because of their economic value and environmental *** date,a con-siderable amount of literature has reported on the recycling of spent ternary LIBs designed to provide an efficient,economical,and envir-onmentally friendly method for battery *** article examines the latest developments in various technologies for recycling spent ternary LIBs in both research and practical production,including pretreatment,pyrometallurgy,hydrometallurgy,pyro-hydrometallurgy,and direct *** for addressing challenges based on the benefits and disadvantages of each method are ***,through a comparison of the feasibility and economic benefits of various technologies,the challenges faced during battery recycling are summarized,and future development directions are proposed.

关键词： spent ternary LIBs recycling technologies valuable metals economic analysis

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Effect of compact strip processing on segregation behavior and mechanical properties of Q&P steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第3期32卷 733-742页

作者： Ming-yue Yang Sheng-wei Wang Shui-ze Wang Yu-he Huang Xin-ping Mao Institute for Carbon Neutrality University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Institute for Steel Sustainable Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang110000LiaoningChina Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

The microstructure and mechanical properties of the compact strip production(CSP)processed quenching and partitioning(Q&P)steels were investigated through experimental methods to address the challenge of designing high-performance Q&P *** with the conventional process(CP)produced samples,with slightly reduced strength,the total elongation of the CSP produced samples was increased by nearly 7%.Microstructural analysis revealed that variations in austenite stability were not the primary cause for the differences in mechanical properties between the CSP and the *** CSP processed Q&P steel exhibited milder center segregation behavior in contrast to the CP processed Q&P ***,in the CSP processed Q&P steel,a higher proportion of austenite and a lower proportion of martensite were observed at the center position,delaying the crack initiation in the central region and contributing to the enhanced *** investigation into the CSP process reveals its effect on alleviation of segregation and enhancement of mechanical properties of the Q&P steel.

关键词： Compact strip production Conventional process Segregation Martensite transformation Quenching and partitioning steel Retained austenite

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What Kind of Persons are 'Empathetic Innovators' Crucial to Innovation?: - From the case of the electronic compass device R&D team -

What Kind of Persons are 'Empathetic Innovators' Crucial to ...

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2024 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and technology, PICMET 2024

作者： Yasuda, Takaki Oshiyama, Chiaki Ijuin, Koki Uchihira, Naoshi Nishimura, Takuichi Division of Advanced Science and Technology Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Ishikawa Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781890843458

This study focuses on the human resources necessary for generating innovations that can transform society. Specifically, it examines not the central figures who propose unconventional ideas but the nearest neighbor figures with Strong motivation, high qualifications, and interactions with others based on these. Based on a case study, the essential characteristics of advanced followers for driving innovation have been distinctly identified. Each was originally motivated by desires for self-efficacy, challenge, achievement, and so on, and possessed specialized knowledge, creative thinking tendencies, and social skills. Furthermore, as network hubs, they had a panoramic cognitive ability to survey their environment and a forecasting ability for the future to drive innovation autonomously. And the most important thing was for the desires of advanced followers to resonate and empathize with the winning story. © 2024 PICMET.

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Low thermal conductivity of dense(TiZrHfVNbTa)C_(x) high-entropy carbides by tailoring carbon stoichiometry

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Journal of advanced Ceramics 2023年第1期12卷 49-58页

作者： Lei CHEN Wen ZHANG Wenyu LU Boxin WEI Sijia HUO Yujin WANG Yu ZHOU Institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural–Functional Integration Materials&Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Transition metal carbides are promising candidates for thermal protection materials due to their high melting points and excellent mechanical ***,the relatively high thermal conductivity is still a major obstacle to its application in an ultra-high-temperature insulation *** this work,the low thermal conductivity of dense(TiZrHfVNbTa)Cx(x=0.6-1)high-entropy carbides has been realized by adjusting the carbon *** thermal conductivity gradually decreases from 10.6 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1) at room temperature to 6.4 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1) with carbon vacancies *** to enhanced scattering of phonons and electrons by the carbon vacancies,nearly full-dense(97.9%)(TiZrHfVNbTa)C_(0.6) possesses low thermal conductivity of 6.4 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1),thermal diffusivity of 2.3 mm^(2)·s^(−1),as well as electrical resistivity of 165.5μΩ·*** thermal conductivity of(TiZrHfVNbTa)C_(0.6) is lower than that of other quaternary and quinary high-entropy carbide ceramics,even if taking the difference of porosity into account in some cases,which is mainly attributed to compositional complexity and carbon *** provides a promising route to reduce the thermal conductivity of high-entropy carbides by increasing the number of metallic elements and carbon vacancies.

关键词： high-entropy carbides thermal conductivity compositional complexity carbon vacancies

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