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Nutrient enrichment driven by canopy rainfall redistribution:Mechanism,quantification,and pattern

science China Earth sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1529-1544页

作者： Chuan YUAN Xiaoping YUE Yafeng ZHANG Yu ZHANG Yanting HU Qiang TANG Li GUO Shuai WANG Xingwu DUAN Wenhua XIANG Xiaohua WEI Xiaoyan LI College of Forestry and Biotechnology Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Geographical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Geographical Sciences Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Faculty of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development Institute of International Rivers and Eco-securityYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Department of Earth Environmental and Geographic SciencesUniversity of British Columbia(Okanagan)KelownaBritish Columbia V1V 1V7Canada

Vegetation canopies intercept and redistribute rainfall into throughfall and stemflow,which transfer substantial amounts of elements into the soil,influencing soil microbial community,plant survival,and plant community *** advancements in ecohydrological research,the implication of nutrient enrichment resulting from this redistribution of rainfall by canopies remains largely *** address this gap,we conducted a systematic review of 1020 papers published between 2000 and 2022,gathering data on nutrient concentration and enrichment for critical ions(including K^(+),Na^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),NH_(4)^(+),Cl^(-),NO_(3)^(-)and SO_(4)^(2-))from the Web of science and Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure *** aimed to synthesize the mechanisms,quantify the enrichments,and identify global patterns of nutrient enrichment in stemflow and throughfall across climate zones,and vegetation types and *** results of this study indicate that stemflow exhibits,on average,2.1times greater ion concentration(6.13 mg L^(-1))compared to *** particular,among the investigated ions,SO_(4)^(2-)(12.45and 6.32 mg L^(-1))for stemflow and throughfall,respectively,and Cl^(-)(9.21 and 4.81 mg L^(-1))exhibit the highest concentrations in both rainfall redistribution components,while K^(+)(13.7 and 5.8)and Mg^(2+)(5.6 and 2.8)have the highest enrichment *** climate zones,throughfall and stemflow show the lowest ion concentrations but the highest enrichment factors in extremely humid *** the temperature gradient,ion concentrations are the highest in cold climates with no clear patterns observed for enrichment factors with increasing *** addition,shrubs,conifers,mixed forests,and artificial ecosystems demonstrate enrichment factors 1.1 to 3.0 times greater than those of trees,broad-leaved plants,pure forests,and natural *** findings emphasize the need for increased attentions to artificial ecosystems,such as urban

关键词： Ecohydrology Rainfall redistribution Nutrients transport Enrichment characteristics Climate zones

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Bibliometric analysis of soil phosphate solubilizing microorganisms research using VOSviewer

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Life Research 2024年第1期7卷 10-15页

作者： Xian-yuan Du Dan-dan Li Qiang-wei Wang Han-yu Zhang Yang Yang State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollutants Control China National Petroleum Corporation Research Institute of Safety and Environment TechnologyBeijing 102206China Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Hebei University of ArchitectureZhangjiakou 075000China College of Biological Science and Technology Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China

Phosphorus-solubilizing microbes play key roles in improving phosphorus availability and in alleviating phosphorus nutrient limitation in soils. However, we did not have a comprehensive understanding of the overall research progress and development trend of phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms. In this study, we obtain documents from the Web of science (WOS) core collection between 2002 and 2022, and a comprehensive review of the progress of global research on soil phosphate solubilizing microorganisms was conducted by using the VOSviewer bibliometric analysis tool. The results showed an increasing trend in the number of published articles from 2002 to 2022. India, accounting for 28% of the total number of published articles, became the most productive country. However, Canada was the country with the highest average citation frequency of articles. Chinese Academy of sciences (CAS) was the greatest contributor with the most publications. Among the published journals, Frontiers in Microbiology, Applied Soil Ecology and Plant and Soil were the top three core journals in this field. Based on the keyword analysis, the assessment of the mechanisms between phosphorus solubilizing microbes and the soil carbon cycles with the different management practices became the new research trend among the scientific communities. These findings would provide an important reference value for future in-depth research on soil phosphate solubilizing microorganisms.

关键词： soil phosphate solubilizing microorganisms bibliometrics VOSviewe

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Engineered Nanomaterials Display a Variable Interaction with Anoxygenic Photoelectrogenic Biofilm for Pharmaceutical Pollutants Degradation

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： He, Ronghui Sun, Jian Bai, Xiaoyan Lin, Qintie Yuan, Yong Zhang, Yaping Dai, Kang Xu, Zhenbo Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Department of Laboratory Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College Guangdong Shantou515041 China

Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have been reported to facilitate extracellular electron transfer (EET) by increasing the electrical conductivity of electroactive biofilms. However, the mechanisms between different nanomaterials and anoxygenic photoelectrogenic bacteria for degrading organic pollutants remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of metronidazole(MNZ) degradation by different concentrations of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), Iron(III) oxide (Fe3O4) NPs, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs in *** based photoelectrogenic biofilms. At 74μg/L, CNTs enhance the electrochemical activity and EET capacity of the biofilm, possibly by increasing the DNA concentration and cellular activity in the cathodic biofilm. However, at high concentrations, the ecological toxicity of CNTs significantly amplified, resulting in a decline in the MNZ degradation rate (0.29179h-1 at 185μg/L and 0.27801h-1 at 370μg/L). TiO2NPs only enhance photosynthetic current (37.7%) and MNZ degradation (48.65%) at 185μg/L compared to the control group. A high TiO2NPs concentration (370μg/L) significantly boosts the MNZ degradation rate (133% increase) via photocatalytic activity. But it thinned the biofilm and inhibited EET. Fe3O4NPs strengthened photosynthetic current and MNZ degradation from low to high concentrations (74-370μg/L), promoting EET. At 185μg/L, the photosynthetic current and MNZ degradation rate increased by 138% and 142%, respectively. However, excessive concentrations may limit the utilization rate of iron ions and EET. Moderate Fe3O4NPs concentrations (74-185μg/L) can enhance microbial activity and improve biofilm performance in photosynthetic electron extraction and MNZ degradation. These findings were not only important for optimizing the performance of anoxygenic photoelectrogenic biofilms but also for regulating the ecological impact of nanomaterials in natural environments. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biofilms

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A porosity-based mechanics model for studying crack evolution from ITZ to mortar matrix in concrete

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Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and engineering 2025年 444卷

作者： Peng, Zesen Xiong, Qing-xiang Zhou, Xiangming Gao, Xuan Zhao, Xin-Yu Meng, Zhaozheng Liu, Qing-feng State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering School of Ocean and Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science South China University of Technology Guangzhou510641 China Shanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure Shanghai200240 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Brunel University London UB8 3PH United Kingdom

This study proposes a novel porosity-based mechanics model for investigating the crack evolution in concrete under uniaxial compression. This model accounts for the porosity gradient and heterogeneous mechanical properties within the concrete's interfacial transition zone (ITZ). Validation against experimental results from the literature and international standards demonstrates the model's accuracy in modeling both the global mechanical performance and crack evolution in concrete. Based on the proposed porosity-based mechanics model, a series of systematic studies are conducted to investigate the potential influence of ITZ mechanical properties, ITZ overlap effects induced by various aggregate volume fractions, and global tensile strength on the cracking mechanisms of concrete. Modeling results indicate that the crack evolution from ITZ to mortar matrix is significantly impacted by the ratio of ITZ to mortar mechanical parameters, and a correlation exists between the cracking proportions of the ITZ and the surrounding mortar. The ITZ overlap effect resulting from closely adjacent aggregates increases the susceptibility of the local mortar matrix to cracking. Increasing the overall tensile strength can reduce the cracking proportion of concrete, but it does not significantly affect crack evolution from ITZ to mortar matrix. Besides, increasing the concrete's tensile strength significantly reduces tensile cracks in the mortar matrix, while having a limited effect on tensile cracks in the ITZ. Further results and detailed discussions are presented within the main text, hoping to provide new insights into the damage process of concrete under external loading. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Tensile strength

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Molecularly engineered copper electrodes with high activity and durability for nitrate electro reduction at low-concentration

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Separation and Purification technology 2025年 375卷

作者： Ruan, Guangyu Wang, Qinian Zhang, Bo Wu, Chao Cheng, Xu Zhang, Ke Wang, Lili Zhang, Xing School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Anhui Hefei230601 China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration Anhui University Anhui Hefei230601 China National Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Acquisition and Protection Technology Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Anhui Hefei230601 China

Copper-based materials are promising electrodes for the electro reduction of nitrate (NO3-) (ERN) due to their excellent catalytic activity in water purification and nitrogen recovery. However, their practical application in low-concentration NO3- wastewater (≤50 mg-N L−1) is hindered by poor stability resulting from copper leaching and unsatisfied performance due to restricted mass and proton transfer. Herein, we proposed a robust molecular engineering strategy involving the surface modification of copper electrodes with a polydopamine layer (PDA-Cu) to significantly enhance their stability. Our findings demonstrate that the PDA coating effectively suppresses copper leaching, maintaining exceptional stability over at least 34 cycles. Additionally, the PDA-Cu electrode exhibited a high faradic efficiency (74.80 %) and NH4+ production rate (0.40 mg-N h−1 cm−2) in a 30 mg-N L-1 NO3- solution, outperforming the pristine Cu electrode by 4.15-fold and 12.27-fold, respectively. Characterization analyses further indicate that the PDA layer enhances NO3- adsorption by generating an electron-deficient Cu while also facilitating proton transfer through its amino and hydroxyl groups. Moreover, the PDA-Cu electrode demonstrates excellent environmental adaptability in complex matrices containing ionic and organic contaminants. This work presents a compelling strategy for designing and developing highly stable Cu-based electrodes for ERN. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Leaching

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Rapid, stable, and highly-efficient development of salt-tolerant aerobic granular sludge by inoculating magnetite-assisted mycelial pellets

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Chemosphere 2023年第1期339卷 139645页

作者： Han, Xushen Tang, Rui Liu, Changshen Yue, Jingxue Jin, Yan Yu, Jianguo State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai200237 China National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resources East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai200237 China

Long cultivation time hinders the industrial applications of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) in treatment of hypersaline wastewater. Mycelial pellets (MPs) have been used to efficiently strengthen the flocculent sludge aggregation and accelerate the formation of AGS. However, the MPs-based AGS was easily crushed or fragmented into several small pieces/granules that brought the uncertainty and extended the transition process to form mature AGS. In this study, magnetite was used to strengthen MPs (halotolerant fungus Cladosporium tenuissimum NCSL-XY8), and co-culture and adsorption type of magnetite-assisted mycelial pellets (CMMPs and AMMPs) were prepared and used for acceleration of salt-tolerant aerobic granular sludge (SAGS) cultivation under 3% salinity conditions. Compared to inoculating MPs, the inoculation of either CMMPs or AMMPs could stably transition to mature SAGS without evident fragmentation, which obviously increased the certainty and stability of SAGS formation. Also, highly-efficient simultaneous nitrogen and carbon removal (∼98% TOC and ∼80% TN removal) could be reached in 8 days. Typically, the granules maintained perfect characteristics (D50 > 1300 μm, D10 > 350 μm, SVI30 30/SVI5 = 1.0) during the whole cultivation/transition processes (Day 0–55) by using the inoculum of CMMPs. ITS rDNA sequencing revealed the inoculated fungus Cladosporium tenuissimum played key roles in the formation of SAGS. All the phenomena indicated the rapid, stable, and highly-efficient start-up of SAGS could be successfully realized by inoculating CMMPs. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Granulation

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Rotor Auxiliary Slot Design Optimization for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine for Electric Vehicle

Rotor Auxiliary Slot Design Optimization for Interior Perman...

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International Conference on Magnetics (INTERMAG)

作者： Hongming Zhang Chengcheng Liu Shiwei Zang Gang Lei Youhua Wang Jianguo Zhu State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment School of Electrical Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin China School of Electrical Machinery and Electromechanical Integration Sydney University of Science and Technology Sydney NSW Australia School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia

The interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPM) with a double-layer permanent magnet (PM) rotor structure is a good candidate machine for electric vehicle drive systems due to its high torque ability and efficiency, however, it also has the disadvantages of high cogging torque and high vibration noise. Improving the air gap flux density distribution is an effective way to reduce the cogging torque and vibration of the electrical machine, which can be achieved by designing the rotor surface with auxiliary slots. The torque performance and vibration of the IPM can be affected by the shape, position, and number of auxiliary slots on the rotor surface. In this paper, the rotor auxiliary slot structure of double V-shaped permanent magnet IPM(D-V IPM) is optimized with cogging torque and air gap electromagnetic density as the optimization objectives, then the influence of the rotor auxiliary slot on the torque performance and vibration of D-V IPM are summarized. A multi-objective genetic algorithm(MOGA) was used to optimize the design of the D-V IPM with four curved auxiliary slots(F-CAS), and the motor performance was verified by experiments.

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Distinct effects of copper on the degradation of β-lactam antibiotics in fulvic acid solutions during light and dark cycle

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environmental science and Ecotechnology 2020年第3期3卷 41-49页

作者： Xinran Zhang Yiming Guo Yanheng Pan Xin Yang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation TechnologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China

This study revealed the dual roles of Cu(Ⅱ)on the β-lactam antibiotics degradation in Suwannee River fulvic acid(SRFA)solution during day and night ***(AMX)and ampicillin(AMP)were selected as the representative β-lactam ***(Ⅱ)played a key role in the dark degradation of AMX and AMP via catalytic hydrolysis and ***,Cu(Ⅱ)mainly exhibited an inhibitory effect on SRFA-involved photochemical degradation of AMX and *** the presence of 500 nM of Cu(Ⅱ),the degradation rate of AMX and AMP in the light condition were around 5 times higher than that in the dark condition,suggesting the photodegradation of β-lactam antibiotics was much more pronounced than catalyzed hydrolysis and *** triplet excited state of SRFA(^(3)SRFA*)primarily contributed to AMX and AMP *** radicals(·OH)and singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))exhibited limit *** redox cycle of Cu(Ⅱ)/Cu(Ⅰ)restricted the electron transfer pathway of ^(3)SRFA* with AMX and *** the day and night cycles for 48 h,Cu(Ⅱ)served as a stronger inhibitor rather than a *** findings highlight the interactions between Cu(Ⅱ)and SRFA are distinct under day and night conditions,which could further affect the fate of β-lactam antibiotics in natural environments.

关键词： Amoxicillin(AMX) Ampicillin(AMP) Copper(Cu(Ⅱ)) Fulvic acid Day and night cycle

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Solution-Processable Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity for Selective Silver Removal from Aqueous Solution and Subsequent Disinfection by Silver-Laden Coatings

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Xinbo Qiu, Hao Yu, Cong Ma, Pengcheng Liu, Xinning Li, Yanwei Cui, Zhaojie Yin, Ben Hang Shan, Bin School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health Shandong University No. 72 Binhai Road Qingdao266237 China School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao266520 China Environmental Research Institute Shandong University No. 72 Binhai Road Qingdao266237 China Robinson Research Institute Faculty of Engineering Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand

Silver ions (Ag+) in waterways pose a growing threat to the environment and living organisms. Achieving an effective and green process for Ag+ removal requires an adsorbent with excellent specificity for silver ions and easy recoverability after fouling or blocking. However, this remains a major challenge. To address this concern, we developed a high-performance adsorbent by grafting polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) with thioamide groups. This thioamide-modified PIM (TPIM-1) adsorbent exhibited an exceptional adsorption capacity of 656 mg g-1 and high selectivity (distribution coefficient of 833.3 mL g−1, selectivity coefficient of 346 over Cd2+) for aqueous Ag+ removal. TPIM-1 also features good solubility in selected solvents, allowing regeneration through a dissolution separation precipitation (DSP) procedure once fouling or blocking occurs. Over 80% of the adsorption capacity was recovered after nine continuous regeneration cycles, showcasing potential cost-effective reusability. Density Functional Theory (DFT) results reveal that the grafted thioamide groups play a critical role in selective Ag+ adsorption, with a binding energy of 54 kcal mol-1. In addition, the Ag+-loaded PIM-coated glass surface showed excellent antibacterial ability, inhibiting the growth of Bacillus subtilis and E. coli. This study provides a viable strategy for the development of a low-carbon footprint silver removing adsorbent from wastewater. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adsorption

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Boosting Oxygen Evolution with Amine-Induced Reconstruction

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhou, Hongbo Wei, Zi Kang, Ziliang Naz, Hina Liu, Yashu Ji, Zhenyuan Zhu, Guoxing School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang China Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrode Materials for Novel Solar Cells for Petroleum and Chemical Industry of China School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou215009 China

Developing of highly active electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution is one of the most important issues for water splitting. It is widely accepted that Fe sites can act as active centers for oxygen evolution in alkaline solution. Herein, an amine-mediated strategy was used to induce the reconstruction of nanoscale Prussian blue analogue. The nanoscale cubes of Prussian blue analogue can be etched by amine ligand, inducing the formation of hollow structure and small sized pieces. In the etching process, Fe-based species in situ preferentially loads on the surface of newly generated units, which can expose more iron sites and thus promotes the electrocatalytic performance for oxygen evolution. The optimized catalyst exhibits an incredibly low overpotential of 257 mV at 10 mA·cm-2 and a small Tafel slope of 44.1 mV dec-1 with remarkable stability in alkaline solution. After OER operation, Ni-doped FeOOH with thin sheet-like structure was formed on the surface of catalyst particles. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation confirms the key role of Fe active sites in the OER process, and that the synergistic effect between Ni and Fe sites modulates the adsorption behavior of intermediates and so results in enhanced activity. This work provides an efficient strategy for advanced oxygen evolution catalysts towards electrochemical energy storage and conversion. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Binary alloys

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