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An investigation of Zr/Ce ratio influencing the catalytic performance of CuO/Ce1-xZrxO2 catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation to CH3OH

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第8期29卷 18-28,I0002页

作者： Weiwei Wang Zhenping Qu Lixin Song Qiang Fu Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering School of Environmental Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningChina State Key Lab of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina

A series of CuO/Ce1-xZrxO2 catalysts(x=0.2,0.4,0.6 and 0.8)are applied to elaborate the effect of the Zr/Ce ratio on the catalytic performance of CO2 hydrogenation to *** best catalytic performance is achieved with CuO/Ce0.4Zr0.6O2,exhibiting XCO2=13.2%and YCH3OH=9.47%(T=280℃,P=3 MPa).The formation of dispersed surface CuO species and larger number of oxygen vacancies are detected over CuO/Ce0.4Zr0.6O2 due to stronger interaction between CuO and Ce0.4Zr0.6O2,resulting in the superior activation ability for H2 and CO2 ***,the evidence is provided by in situ DRIFTS under the activity test pressure(3 MPa)that bi/m-HCOO* species are preferable for accumulating over ceria-rich(CuO/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 and CuO/Ce0.8Zr0.2O2)catalysts while zirconia-rich(CuO/Ce0.4Zr0.6O2 and CuO/Ce0.2Zr0.8O2)catalysts are benefit to encourage the transformation of bi/m-HCOO* species to *** abundant population and high activity of intermediate species over CuO/Ce0.4Zr0.6O2 give a strong positive effect on the catalytic performance.

关键词： CO2 hydrogenation Ce1-xZrxO2 m-HCOO^ bi-HCOO^ in-situ DRIFTS

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LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY MANURE MANAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CARBON NEUTRALITY IN CHINA

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Frontiers of Agricultural science and engineering 2023年第3期10卷 341-362页

作者： Leli ZHANG Reaihan E Mahmoud MALI Hongjian LIN Shuai ZHANG Shuqin JIN Zhiping ZHU Jianjun HU Yiqing YAO Yong SUN Shuiping YAN Zhidan LIU Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy(E2E) College of Water Resources and Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100083China Agricultural Engineering Research Institute Agricultural Research CenterGiza 12311Egypt College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Research Center for Rural Economy Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100810China Institute of Environmental and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China College of Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China College of Engineering Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

The rapid growth of the livestock and poultry production in China has led to a rise in manure generation,which contributes to the emissions of GHGs(greenhouse gases including CH_(4),N_(2)O and CO_(2))and other harmful gases(NH_(3),H_(2)S).Reducing and managing carbon emissions has become a critical global environmental imperative due to the adverse impacts of *** previous reviews that focused on resource recovery,this work provides an unique insight of transformation from resource-oriented manure treatment to integration of resource recovery with pollution reduction,carbon accounting and trading,focusing on the sustainable development of manure management *** the importance of accounting methodologies for carbon emission and trading system toward carbon neutrality society,suggestions and strategies including attaching high importance to the development of more accuracy accounting methodologies and more practical GHG emission reduction methodologies are given in this *** work directs the establishment of carbon reduction methodologies and the formulation of governmental policies for livestock and poultry manure management system in China.

关键词： valorization of animal manure manure management carbon emission carbon footprint methodology carbon trading

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Global responses to tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate in Escherichia coli: Evidences from biomarkers, and metabolic disturbance using GC-MS and LC-MS metabolomics analyses

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Chemosphere 2024年 358卷 142177页

作者： Jin, Xu Yao, Runlin Yu, Xiaolong Wu, Haochuan Liu, Hang Huang, Jiahui Dai, Yicheng Sun, Jianteng Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology Guangdong Maoming525000 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao266100 China Bathurst Future Agri-Tech Institute Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao266109 China School of Housing Building and Planning Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang 11800 Malaysia

Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP) as pollutants of emerging concern have aroused the rising attention due to their potential risks on aquatic ecosystem and public health. Nevertheless, there is a lack of toxicological mechanisms exploration of TCPP and TBEP at molecular levels. Herein, the toxicity effects and molecular mechanism of them were fully researched and summarized on Escherichia coli (***). Acute exposure to them significantly activated antioxidant defense system and caused lipid peroxidation, as proved by the changes of antioxidant enzymes and MDA. The ROS overload resulted in the drop of membrane potential as well as the downregulated synthesis of ATPase, endorsing that E. coli cytotoxicity was ascribed to oxidative stress damage induced by TCPP and TBEP. The combination of GC-MS and LC-MS based metabolomics validated that TCPP and TBEP induced metabolic reprogramming in ***. More specifically, the responsive metabolites in carbohydrate metabolism, lipids metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and organic acids metabolism were significantly disturbed by TCPP and TBEP, confirming the negative effects on metabolic functions and key bioprocesses. Additionally, several biomarkers including PE(16:1(5Z)/15:0), PA(17:1(9Z)/18:2(9Z,12Z)), PE(19:1(9Z)/0:0), and LysoPE(0:0/18:1(11Z)) were remarkably upregulated, verifying that the protection of cellular membrane was conducted by regulating the expression of lipids-associated metabolites. Collectively, this work sheds new light on the potential molecular toxicity mechanism of TCPP and TBEP on aquatic organisms, and these findings using GC-MS and LC-MS metabolomics generate a fresh insight into assessing the effects of OPFRs on target and non-target aquatic organisms. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Oxidative stress

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Photochemical fate of nonionic polyacrylamide induced by hydroxyl radicals in the natural water: Mineralization mechanism exploration and half-life time evaluation

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science of the Total Environment 2024年 947卷 174485页

作者： Jia, Daqing Therias, Sandrine Voelker, François Kieffer, Johann Favero, Cédrick Mailhot, Gilles Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand Clermont-FerrandF-63000 France SNF ZAC de milieux 42160 SA Andrézieux-Bouthéon France National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment School of Resources and Environmental Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique Clermont-FerrandF-63000 France

Water-soluble polyacrylamide (PAM) compounds have been used extensively in various sectors. The abundance of PAM in the environment raises concerns about its environmental impact. However, the mineralization of PAM in water under natural light irradiation remains insufficiently explored. This study utilizes nonionic PAM (nPAM) as a representative model to investigate both the mechanism and efficiency of nPAM degradation in water when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the hydroxyl radical source. In the dark or with only UVA irradiation, negligible mineralization of nPAM occurred. In contrast, the presence of hydroxyl radicals (produced by the UVA/H2O2 system) produced 50 % nPAM mineralization over 7 days under our experimental conditions. The corresponding molecular weight (MW) of the nPAM was swiftly reduced from 1.58 ×106 Da to 1.59 ×103 Da in 3 days. Moreover, five carboxylic acids and nitrate ions were identified as the photodegradation intermediates of nPAM. The efficiencies of nPAM photodegradation by the UVA/H2O2 system in different natural waters and environmental conditions were assessed. The rate constant for the reaction between the hydroxyl radical and nPAM was 2.17 ×109 M-unit−1 s−1. The half-lives of nPAM in the sea and continental surface waters were determined to be several years and dozens of days, respectively. The application of UVB obviously accelerated the mineralization of nPAM in ultrapure water (71 % degradation in 7 days). Moreover, mineralization of concentrated nPAM (200 mg/L) in sea water was more efficient when both UVA- and UVB-activated H2O2 were used. Additionally, toxic acrylamide was not generated during nPAM photodegradation. Moreover, the photodegradation intermediates from nPAM were found to be neither acutely nor chronically toxic to aquatic organisms. This comprehensive study sheds light on the photochemical fate of nPAM in natural waters and provides essential insight for practical treatment of

关键词： Rate constants

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Simulation and experiment of microstrip lines temperature rise based on COMSOL Multiphysics

Simulation and experiment of microstrip lines temperature ri...

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IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC-Beijing)

作者： Lijuan Huang Jinfu Liao Wenxiao Fang Jianying Wang School of Electronic and Information Engineering South China Normal University Foshan China Component Laboratory Science and Technology on Reliability Physics and Application of Electronic Guangzhou China School of integrated circuit Sun Yat-Sen university Guangzhou China

Conductor loss and dielectric loss of the microstrip line can lead to temperature rise and limit the power capacity of the microstrip circuit. This involves the interaction (coupling) between the electric and temperature fields. In this study, the factors affecting the temperature rise of the microstrip line were analyzed by means of the parallel plate model. In addition, based on COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software, the influence of dielectric dissipation factor tanδ of microstrip lines of FR4 and RO4350B on the temperature rise per unit input power (TRPIP) was simulated. The simulation results under the set basic parameters show that the TRPIP of the strip conductors of the FR4-substrate microstrip lines with tanδ of 0.02 is about 4.8 °C, and that of RO450B-substrate microstrip lines with tanδ of 0.0037 is about 1.38 °C. Finally, in order to verify the simulation results, a non-invasive measuring device with an infrared camera was constructed to measure the heat distribution on the surface of the microstrip line.

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CO2 hydrogenation to methanol over Cu/CeO2 and Cu/ZrO2 catalysts:Tuning methanol selectivity via metal-support interaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第1期29卷 22-30,I0002页

Copper-based catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol are supported on ZrO2 and CeO2,*** results at 3.0 MPa and temperatures between 200 and 300°C reveal that Cu catalysts supported on ZrO2 and CeO2 exhibit better activity and selectivity than pure Cu catalyst due to Cu-support(ZrO2 and CeO2)*** the structural characterizations with in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(in-situ DRIFTS),Cu/CeO2 shows the higher methanol selectivity due to the formation of main carbonates intermediates,which are closely related with the oxygen vacancies over Cu/*** contrast,bicarbonate and carboxyl species are observed on Cu/ZrO2,which originates from the hydroxyl groups presented on catalyst *** in CO2 adsorption intermediates results in the distinct methanol selectivity over the two catalysts.

关键词： CO_2 hydrogenation Methanol selectivity In-situ DRIFTS CeO_2 ZrO_2

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VCAT: Vulnerability-aware and Curiosity-driven Adversarial Training for Enhancing Autonomous Vehicle Robustness

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Cai, Xuan Cui, Zhiyong Bai, Xuesong Ke, Ruimin Ma, Zhenshu Yu, Haiyang Ren, Yilong State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation Systems School of Transportation Science and Technology Beihang University Beijing100191 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing100191 China

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) face significant threats to their safe operation in complex traffic environments. Adversarial training has emerged as an effective method of enabling AVs to preemptively fortify their robustness against malicious attacks. Train an attacker using an adversarial policy, allowing the AV to learn robust driving through interaction with this attacker. However, adversarial policies in existing methodologies often get stuck in a loop of overexploiting established vulnerabilities, resulting in poor improvement for AVs. To overcome the limitations, we introduce a pioneering framework termed Vulnerability-aware and Curiosity-driven Adversarial Training (VCAT). Specifically, during the traffic vehicle attacker training phase, a surrogate network is employed to fit the value function of the AV victim, providing dense information about the victim’s inherent vulnerabilities. Subsequently, random network distillation is used to characterize the novelty of the environment, constructing an intrinsic reward to guide the attacker in exploring unexplored territories. In the victim defense training phase, the AV is trained in critical scenarios in which the pretrained attacker is positioned around the victim to generate attack behaviors. Experimental results revealed that the training methodology provided by VCAT significantly improved the robust control capabilities of learning-based AVs, outperforming both conventional training modalities and alternative reinforcement learning counterparts, with a marked reduction in crash rates. The code is available at https://***/caixxuan/VCAT. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation and molecular docking of a Schiff base ligand and its metal complexes

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BioMetals 2025年第3期38卷 935-963页

作者： AbouElleef, Elsayed M. Saad, Rania A. Diab, M. A. El-Zahed, M. M. El-Sonbati, A. Z. Morgan, Sh. M. Basic Sciences Department Delta Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology Mansoura Egypt Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Damietta University Damietta Egypt Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of Science Damietta University Damietta Egypt Environmental Monitoring Laboratory Ministry of Health Port Said Egypt Health Technical Institute Ministry of Health Port Said Egypt

Condensation of 2,3-diaminopyridine with 2,4-dihyrodybenzaldehyde yielded a 4,4’-[(1E,1 ~ E)-(pyridine-2,3-diyl)bis(azanylylidene)]bis(methanylylidene)bis(benzene-1,3-diol) monobasic tridentate Schiff base ligand (HL) with an ONN donor sequence. Elemental analyses, conductivity tests, magnetic susceptibility data, FT-IR, UV–vis spectra, x-ray diffraction, and mass spectrum data of the ligand and its complexes were used for the characterization of the structures. Computational HF/3-21G calculations were performed to optimize their geometrical structures and assess their HOMO–LUMO energy gaps. The low molar conductance of the complexes indicates that they are not electrolytic. From the spectrophotometric and gravimetric analyses, the complexes (2–4) are in the ratio of 1:2, while complexes (1 & 5) (1:1) metal to ligand. 2,3-Diaminopyridine, 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, ligand (HL) and its complexes were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities against some bacterial (Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and fungal isolates (Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria solani, and Candida albicans). The result reveals that 2,4-dihyrodybenzaldehyde has the strongest antibacterial activity among the other compounds followed by Mn(II) complex. The antimicrobial activity increases by increasing the compound concentration. To assess the inhibitory impact of ligand and its complexes on binding sites of B. cereus (PDB ID: 1FEZ), S. epidermidis (PDB ID: 3KP7), E. faecalis (PDB ID: 5V5U) and S. typhi (PDB ID: 5V2W) proteins, molecular modeling has been implemented offer a fresh concept for medication design. Molecular docking studies confirmed strong binding interactions between the metal complexes and bacterial proteins, validating their biological potential. These findings demonstrate the promising antimicrobial properties of Schiff base metal complexes, making them potential candidates for pharmaceutical and medicinal applications.

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Biophysical impact of forest age changes on land surface temperature in China

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science of the Total Environment 2025年 964卷 178445页

作者： Zhang, Zhijiang Wang, Lunche Chen, Chao Zhang, Xiang Ding, Chao Yuan, Moxi Shen, Lixing Li, Xinxin School of Geography Science and Geomatics Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou215009 China Suzhou Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Intelligent Technology and Application Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou215009 China School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China Department of Geographic Science Faculty of Arts and Sciences Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China School of Public Administration and Human Geography Hunan University of Technology and Business Changsha410205 China School of Atmospheric Science and Remote Sensing Wuxi University Wuxi214105 China School of Resource and Environmental Science Wuhan University Wuhan430079 China

Forest age structures have been substantially affected by natural disturbances and anthropogenic activities worldwide. Their changes can significantly influence local and nonlocal climate through both the biogeochemical and biophysical processes. However, numerous studies have focused on the biogeochemical effect of forest age changes whereas the biophysical effect has received far less attention. Here we investigated how forest age changes influence land surface temperature (LST) by comparing older forests and adjacent younger forests pixels and unraveled underlying biophysical mechanisms using satellite observations over China during 2003–2012. Our study showed that older forests had a substantial annual cooling benefit than adjacent medium-aged and young forests. Attribution analysis indicated that the cooling effect of latent heat flux counteracted the albedo-induced warming effect, leading to the net cooling effect of older evergreen needle-leaved forest or evergreen broadleaved forest. Furthermore, the cooling effect of sensible heat flux is greater than the albedo-driven warming effect, contributing to the net cooling effect of older deciduous broadleaved forest. Our work is a step forward to underscore the potential of preserving mature forests as a local climate adaptation strategy and provides important parameterization foundation for earth system models without incorporation of forest age modules. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Land surface temperature

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Spatial patterns of water quality and remote sensing indices from UAV-based multispectral imagery across an irrigation pond

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Heliyon 2025年第4期11卷 e42622页

作者： Hong, S. Morgan, B.J. Stocker, M.D. Smith, J. Pachepsky, Y.A. Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory USDA-ARS Beltsville MD United States Department of Civil Urban Earth and Environmental Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan South Korea Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education Oak Ridge TN United States

Water quality of irrigation water is an essential factor for public safety and farm sustainability. Imaging surface water sources from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has become an important source of water quality information. Water quality variables (WQVs) in irrigation ponds have been shown to have persistent spatial patterns. The objective of this work was to test the hypothesis that (a) persistent spatial patterns can be found in reflectance and remote sensing indices from UAV-based multispectral imagery of irrigation ponds, and (b) those patterns can significantly correlate with patterns of WQVs. We utilized data from sampling, in-situ sensing, and UAV-based imaging of a commercial 4-ha farm pond in Maryland. Seventeen water quality variables were measured on a permanent grid during the irrigation season concurrently with the imaging of the pond with the MicaSense RedEdge camera at five wavelengths. Twenty-four remote sensing indices were computed. Spatial patterns were determined using the mean relative difference method. The water quality patterns appeared to reflect differences in distances from banks, closeness to the creek meeting the pond, the degree of water stagnancy, dominant wind directions, and a geese congregation site. High (>0.8) Spearman correlation coefficients were found for turbidity, photosynthetic pigments, and organic carbon in water. These variables' patterns had similarities with patterns of remote sensing indices AFAI, TCARI, TCI, and MCARI. Patterns of E. coli strongly correlated with the pattern of reflectance at the red wavelength. Given the high spatiotemporal variability of WQVs in irrigation ponds, determining patterns of remote sensing indices can be useful for the design of surveys or monitoring important aspects of water quality. © 2025

关键词： Pattern correlation Remote sensing indices Unmanned aerial vehicles Water quality

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