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Free Space Optical Communication for Inter-Satellite Link: Architecture, Potentials and Trends

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Guanhua Yang, Fang Song, Jian Han, Zhu The Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing10084 China Key Laboratory of Digital TV System of Guangdong Province and Shenzhen City Shenzhen518057 China The Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Houston HoustonTX77004 United States The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

The sixth-generation (6G) network is expected to achieve global coverage based on the space-air-ground integrated network, and the latest satellite network will play an important role in it. The introduction of inter-satellite links (ISLs) can significantly improve the throughput of the satellite network, and recently gets lots of attention from both academia and industry. In this paper, we illustrate the advantages of using the laser for ISLs due to its longer communication distance, higher data speed, and stronger security. Specifically, space-borne laser terminals with the acquisition, pointing and tracking mechanism which realize long-distance communication are illustrated, advanced modulation and multiplexing modes that make high communication rates possible are introduced, and the security of ISLs ensured by the characteristics of both laser and the optical channel is also analyzed. Moreover, some open issues such as advanced optical beam steering, routing and scheduling algorithm, and integrated sensing and communication are discussed to direct future research. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Scheduling algorithms

Ultra-Flexible Multichannel Neural Microelectrodes Modified by PEDOT:PSS/IrOx for Enhanced Sensing and Localized Stimulation

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Ultra-Flexible Multichannel Neural Microelectrodes Modified ...

IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical systems

作者： Wanqi Jiang Xueying Wang Huiran Yang Dujuan Zou Chen Tao Ziyi Zhu Jianbo Jiang Zhitao Zhou Liuyang Sun Tiger H. Tao Xiaoling Wei State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Physical Science and Technology Shanghai Tech University Shanghai China 2020 X-Lab Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Neuroxess Co. Ltd. (Jiangxi) Nanchang China Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology Hengqin Zhuhai China Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Translational Research Shanghai China

We report an ultra-flexible multi-channel neural electrode with a novel modified approach to achieve the performance of high charge storage capacity. This kind of neural electrodes possess the thickness of ~ 2.5 μm, the width of ~ 100 μm, and bending stiffness of ~3.9×10 -13 N•m 2 , which testify to its outstanding flexibility, higher biocompatibility and working stability. Moreover, ultrathin flexible neural electrode modified with PEDOT: PSS/IrOx has a high charge storage capacity of ~ 24.2 mC/cm 2 , which is ~ 27.9 times and ~1.6 times of PEDOT:PSS and IrOx alone, presenting superior performance in electrical stimulation. The extremely thin thickness and modified nanomaterials both benefit long-term high-quality neurophysiological signal recording. By implanting the ultraflexible neural electrode, it was verified that the modified electrode had long-term stable signal recording ability for 6 weeks and good localized electrical stimulation effect, which demonstrated to be a powerful tool for the research of brain neuroscience.

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Manufacturing A Low-Cost Telegram and Optical Character Recognition-Based Indoor Air Quality Monitoring Data Logger

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Manufacturing A Low-Cost Telegram and Optical Character Reco...

International Conference on information Management and technology (ICIMTech)

作者： Andi Pramono Satrio Arif Budiman Muchammad Farchan Andi Baso Mappaturi Interior Design Department School of Design Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Information System Computer Science Faculty Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Indonesia Architecture Department Faculty of Science and Technology Islamic State University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Indonesia

Urban air is frequently contaminated with CO, CO2, VOC, HCHO, PM 2.5, and PM 10. Rural regions are at a lower risk than those near roads and industrial areas that produce emissions. Air pollutants negatively affect its inhabitants' health, particularly the respiratory system. Most people will spend more time indoors, requiring a method for monitoring indoor air quality (IAQ). Urban communities need IAQ monitoring instruments as an early warning system for their health. This research seeks to produce inexpensive IAQ that can be utilized by all levels of society, particularly urban communities. This research utilizes a qualitative, design-thinking-based methodology. The research diverged from Empatize, which asserts that urban communities require a method for determining the local air quality. Moreover, it is determined at the define stage that IAQ monitoring, which includes a data log feature, is still comparatively expensive, so a solution is developed at the ideate stage. Creating a prototype is the next step in realizing the specified solution. In this investigation, they decided to use IAQ monitoring, which is relatively inexpensive but lacks log data storage. The author uses the ESP32-cam microcontroller to capture the screen display device, and the resulting image is sent to a telegram and processed with optical character recognition (OCR) to generate a data log. The results of prototype testing are utilized for prototype development.

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When is the estimated propensity score better? High-dimensional analysis and bias correction

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Su, Fangzhou Mou, Wenlong Ding, Peng Wainwright, Martin J. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences United States Department of Statistics UC Berkeley United States Department of Mathematics Lab for Information and Decision Systems and Statistics and Data Science Center Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States

Anecdotally, using an estimated propensity score is superior to the true propensity score in estimating the average treatment effect based on observational data. However, this claim comes with several qualifications: it holds only if propensity score model is correctly specified and the number of covariates d is small relative to the sample size n. We revisit this phenomenon by studying the inverse propensity score weighting (IPW) estimator based on a logistic model with a diverging number of covariates. We first show that the IPW estimator based on the estimated propensity score is consistent and asymptotically normal with smaller variance than the oracle IPW estimator (using the true propensity score) if and only if n & d2. We then propose a debiased IPW estimator that achieves the same guarantees in the regime n & d3/2. Our proofs rely on a novel non-asymptotic decomposition of the IPW error along with careful control of the higher order terms. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Why Do Developers Remove Lambda Expressions in Java? 21

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Why Do Developers Remove Lambda Expressions in Java?

IEEE International Conference on Automated Software engineering (ASE)

作者： Mingwei Zheng Jun Yang Ming Wen Hengcheng Zhu Yepang Liu Hai Jin Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology HUST Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665447843

Java 8 has introduced lambda expressions, a core feature of functional programming. Since its introduction, there is an increasing trend of lambda adoptions in Java projects. Developers often adopt lambda expressions to simplify code, avoid code duplication or simulate other functional features. However, we observe that lambda expressions can also incur different types of side effects (i.e., performance issues and memory leakages) or even severe bugs, and developers also frequently remove lambda expressions in their implementations. Consequently, the advantages of utilizing lambda expressions can be significantly compromised by the collateral side effects. In this study, we present the first large-scale, quantitative and qualitative empirical study to characterize and understand inappropriate usages of lambda expressions. Particularly, we summarized seven main reasons for the removal of lambdas as well as seven common migration patterns. For instance, we observe that lambdas using customized functional interfaces are more likely to be removed by developers. Moreover, from a complementary perspective, we performed a user study over 30 developers to seek the underlying reasons why they remove lambda expressions in practice. Finally, based on our empirical results, we made suggestions on scenarios to avoid lambda usages for Java developers and also pointed out future directions for researchers.

关键词： Java Codes Computer bugs Market research Functional programming Open source software Software engineering

Contrastive Bayesian Analysis for Deep Metric Learning

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Kan, Shichao He, Zhiquan Cen, Yigang Li, Yang Mladenovic, Vladimir He, Zhihai School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Hunan Changsha410083 China Institute of Information Science School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Information Science and Network Technology Beijing100044 China Guangdong Multimedia Information Service Engineering Technology Research Center Shenzhen University 518060 China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States Faculty of Technical Sciences University of Kragujevac Cacak Serbia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Pengcheng Lab Shenzhen518066 China

Recent methods for deep metric learning have been focusing on designing different contrastive loss functions between positive and negative pairs of samples so that the learned feature embedding is able to pull positive samples of the same class closer and push negative samples from different classes away from each other. In this work, we recognize that there is a significant semantic gap between features at the intermediate feature layer and class labels at the final output layer. To bridge this gap, we develop a contrastive Bayesian analysis to characterize and model the posterior probabilities of image labels conditioned by their features similarity in a contrastive learning setting. This contrastive Bayesian analysis leads to a new loss function for deep metric learning. To improve the generalization capability of the proposed method onto new classes, we further extend the contrastive Bayesian loss with a metric variance constraint. Our experimental results and ablation studies demonstrate that the proposed contrastive Bayesian metric learning method significantly improves the performance of deep metric learning in both supervised and pseudo-supervised scenarios, outperforming existing methods by a large margin. © 2022, CC0.

关键词： Distance education

A Matching Based Escape Routing Algorithm with Variable Design Rules and Constraints 23

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A Matching Based Escape Routing Algorithm with Variable Desi...

Proceedings of the 60th Annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference

作者： Qinghai Liu Disi Lin Chuandong Chen Huan He Jianli Chen Yao-Wen Chang Center for Discrete Mathematics Fuzhou University Fuzhou China and Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian China Department of Microelectronics Fuzhou University Fuzhou China Hangzhou Huawei Enterprises Telecommunication Technologies Co. Ltd Hangzhou China State Key Lab of ASIC & System Fudan University Shanghai China Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan and Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323481

Escape routing is a critical problem in PCB routing, and its quality greatly affects the PCB design cost. Unlike the traditional escape routing that works mainly for the BGA package with unique line width and space, this paper presents a high-performance escape routing algorithm to handle problems with variable design rules and manual constraints, including variable line widths/spaces, the neck mode of wires, and the pad entry for differential pairs. We first propose a novel obstacle-avoiding method to project pins to the boundary and construct a channel projection graph. We then construct a bi-projection graph and propose a matching-based hierarchical sequencing algorithm to consider manual constraints. We perform global routing for each pin/differential pair by congestion-avoiding path initialization and rip-up and reroute path optimization. Finally, we complete detailed routing in every face, ensuring the wire angle and pad entry constraints. Experimental results show that our algorithm can achieve 100% routability without any design rule violation for all given industrial PCB instances, while two state-of-the-art routers cannot complete routing.

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Neuromodulated Meta-Learning

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Jingyao Guo, Huijie Qiang, Wenwen Li, Jiangmeng Zheng, Changwen Xiong, Hui Hua, Gang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Key Laboratory of Space Integrated Information System Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing China Thrust of Artificial Intelligence Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Wormpex AI Research LLC BellevueWA98004 United States

Humans excel at adapting perceptions and actions to diverse environments, enabling efficient interaction with the external world. This adaptive capability relies on the biological nervous system (BNS), which activates different brain regions for distinct tasks. Meta-learning similarly trains machines to handle multiple tasks but relies on a fixed network structure, not as flexible as BNS. To investigate the role of flexible network structure (FNS) in meta-learning, we conduct extensive empirical and theoretical analyses, finding that model performance is tied to structure, with no universally optimal pattern across tasks. This reveals the crucial role of FNS in meta-learning, ensuring meta-learning to generate the optimal structure for each task, thereby maximizing the performance and learning efficiency of meta-learning. Motivated by this insight, we propose to define, measure, and model FNS in meta-learning. First, we define that an effective FNS should possess frugality, plasticity, and sensitivity. Then, to quantify FNS in practice, we present three measurements for these properties, collectively forming the structure constraint with theoretical supports. Building on this, we finally propose Neuromodulated Meta-Learning (NeuronML) to model FNS in meta-learning. It utilizes bi-level optimization to update both weights and structure with the structure constraint. Extensive theoretical and empirical evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of NeuronML on various tasks. Code is publicly available at https://***/WangJingyao07/NeuronML. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

Nonlinear Interference Cancellation Technique for Cellular Network with Time Slot Overlap 1

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3rd EAI International Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Communications and Networks, AICON 2021

作者： Tang, Boyi Xia, Xiangjie Zhang, Zaitian Feng, Wanmei Tang, Jie Shao, Shihai Liu, Ying National Key Lab of Science and Technology on Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China Chuanrong Machinery Factory Shenyang China School of Electronic and Information Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou510641 China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China

ISBN: (数字)9783030901998

ISBN: (纸本)9783030901981

The rapid development of the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks are facing challenges to meet the traffic demands of end users. Interference cancellation is considered as an important technique for implementing the full duplex and improving the frequency spectrum efficiency in 5G cellular networks. Because time slots are assigned differently to base stations in different networks, there exists time slot overlap problem that causes strong interference at the receiver base station. A digital-domain interference cancellation method is studied in this paper, which allows the receiver base station to extract the desired signal transmitted by its user equipment under influence of high-power signal from adjacent base station. The interference is rebuilt and suppressed after estimating the nonlinear components of power amplifier using the least-square method. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed interference cancellation method is effective for interference signal modulated by different methods. © 2021, ICST Institute for Computer sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications engineering.

关键词： Base stations Full duplex Least-square estimation Nonlinear interference cancellation Power amplifier