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CFGLSs: Conformal filling gradient lattice structures designed by multiscale isogeometric topology optimization for 3D swept volume

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Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 2025年 442卷

作者： Zhou, Sheng Tao, Ran Sun, Qidong Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-functional Composite Materials and Structures Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

3D swept volume, enabled by advancements in additive manufacturing, present new opportunities for lightweight and functional optimization. However, efficient design methodologies for conformal filling gradient lattice structures (CFGLSs) remain scarce. This paper proposes a modified level set function (MLSF) that matches lattice structures to the geometry of 3D swept volume. Furthermore, a multiscale isogeometric topology optimization (MITO) approach is used to adaptively optimize the distribution of graded lattices, ensuring optimal integration. A surrogate constitutive model is developed using polynomial interpolation in conjunction with the MLSF and the homogenization method. Incorporating the surrogate constitutive model into the MITO, the relative density distribution of the swept volume is obtained. Continuous CFGLSs are generated using the updated MLSF method, with the equivalent density distribution guiding the simultaneous optimization of both the micro-scale lattice geometry and its macro-scale distribution. The proposed approach is validated through the design, fabrication, and experimental evaluation of semi-circular specimens and engineering rudders, exhibiting its effectiveness and practicality. © 2025

关键词： Crystal lattices

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The impact of sample misalignment and overlap on high-resolution quantification of 2D-metal heterostructures

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Micron 2025年 192-193卷 103813页

作者： Zhu, Yuchen Wang, Rongming Beijing Key Laboratory for Magneto-Photoelectrical Composite and Interface Science The State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China

Precise atomic-scale fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor metal heterostructures necessitates an in-depth understanding of their surface atomic arrangements, interfacial atomic configurations, and electronic state. The foundation for achieving this understanding lies in the accurate characterization of these heterostructures. Aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (ACTEM) is capable of simultaneously obtaining critical information regarding atomic arrangements, electronic states, and elemental distributions at the atomic scale, making it widely utilized for the analysis and characterization of heterostructures. However, the accuracy of ACTEM can be compromised by sample overlaps in high-resolution images, a challenge particularly pronounced in 2D-semiconductor-metal heterostructures. To address this, we selected Pt-MoS₂ as a model system and systematically investigated the effects of misalignment and sample overlap on quantitative electron microscopy analysis of two-dimensional semiconductor heterostructures through high-resolution image simulations. Our findings reveal that even small misalignments (5 %) in high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) image. Notably, the apparent strain from potential function overlap remains within an acceptable range only when the relative thickness ratio of metal to 2D substrate exceeds a certain threshold, improving the reliability of direct quantitative analysis of HRTEM images. Additionally, we applied a digital dark-field method that effectively mitigates the influence of the substrate on metal atomic column contrasts, thus improving the accuracy of quantitative analysis in HRTEM images. Collectively, these results provide a deeper understanding of the heterostructure imaging and the precise characterization of the 2D-material-metal heterostructure. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： High resolution transmission electron microscopy

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Sequence-controlled dynamic covalent units enable decoupling of mechanical and self-healing performance of polymers

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science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 745-753页

作者： Luzhi Zhang Hongfei Huang Lijie Sun Xiaopeng Ma Hui Tan Zhengwei You Respiratory Department Shenzhen Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical CollegeShenzhen 518038China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringInstitute of Functional MaterialsResearch Base of Textile Materials for Flexible Electronics and Biomedical Applications(China Textile Engineering Society)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight CompositeShanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative MedicineDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou 313001China

Sequence regulation provides an effective approach to controlling the properties of polymer ***,this approach remains an open question in the field of dynamic polymers,which emerge as more and more important new generation ***,we systematically investigate the effect of sequence control of dynamic covalent units in tuning the properties of *** sequence-controlled poly(oxime-urethanes)are *** dynamic oxime-urethane groups are relatively dispersed(SCP-1)or concentrated(SCP-2)distributed in their molecular *** sequence control strategy provides an efficient way to decouple the mechanical and self-healing performance of polymers,which is one of the most pressing challenges in the *** relatively dispersed oxime-urethane groups in SCP-1 not only facilitate the reorganization of the dynamic covalent bonds but also increase the probability of the reformation of hydrogen *** reversible dissociation/reassociation of dynamic bonds is conducive to dissipating energy to enhance mechanical performance and promote self-healing *** a result,SCP-1 exhibits much faster self-healing than SCP-2,and its tensile strength is nearly twice that of *** addition,energy dissipation capacity and degradation behavior also show significant sequence ***,this work reveals a new molecular structure-property relationship and provides a powerful strategy to construct high-performance polymers.

关键词： sequence control dynamic polymer poly(oxime-urethane) strength polyurethane

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Enhancing performance of fullerene-based organic electrochemical transistors via side-chain engineering

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 905-912页

作者： Wenxin Fang Zijie Li Chengdong Wang Xiaowei Zhao Junyu Li Gang Ye Fengwei Huo Li Qiu Yanxi Zhang Wei Huang Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE Future Technologies)Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials and EnergyYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology Shanghai 201028China Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE)&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)Nanjing Tech University(NanjingTech)Nanjing 211800China Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLoFE)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

The performance of organic electrochemical transistors(OECTs)relies on the interaction between organic semiconductors and ***,hydrophilic ethylene glycol(EG)side chains are incorporated into organic semiconductors to improve the channel’s capacity to absorb ***,the EG substituted organic semiconductors tend to swell when immersed in aqueous electrolytes and exhibit microstructural changes induced by dopant *** our research,we introduce an alkyl spacer to create distance between the fullerene and EG *** approach is designed to reduce the negative effects of swelling and balance the ion and electron *** conducted an analysis of OECTs using four fullerene derivatives:no alkyl spacer,butyl,hexyl,and octyl *** OECTs based on fullerene derivatives with butyl and hexyl spacers exhibit enhanced transconductance(g_(m)=11.8 and 19.4 mS)compared to the ones without alkyl *** has also been observed that the butyl and hexyl spacers lead to a more than tenfold increase in volumetric *** increasing the alkyl spacer(octyl group)leads to no transistor *** study uncovers the relationship between alkyl spacers and the performance of OECTs based on fullerene *** will serve as a guideline for designing n-type small molecules for ***,we showcased the potential of utilizing OECTs based on these fullerene derivatives in cation sensing,which is promising for developing sweat sensors.

关键词： organic electrochemical transistors fullerene derivatives ethylene glycol side chains ion and electron conduction

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Fluoroalkane modified silica aerogels with excellent strength and self-cleaning property

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Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 2025年 662卷

作者： Gao, Youmei Ru, Chang Liu, Shengnan Yuan, Xiaoyan Ren, Lixia School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin300350 China PipeChina Institute of Science and Technology Tianjin30000 China

Silica aerogel, regarded as one of the lightest solid materials with porous structures, shows properties such as low thermal conductivity, high porosity, and extensive surface area, making it highly suitable for application in pipeline thermal insulation, aerospace engineering, oil-water separation, and various other fields. However, due to the neck effect in the pearl-like network formed by the direct and random interconnection between silica nanoparticles, the mechanical property is poor. Although the mechanical property is enhanced by modifying silica aerogels with inorganic and organic compounds, the thermal insulation is usually sacrificed with enhancing of mechanical property. In this study, low surface energy fluoroalkane modified silica aerogels (SAF) are prepared to enhance the compressive mechanical and superhydrophobic properties. In order to balance the mechanical property and the thermal insulation property, SAF with different contents of fluoroalkanes are studied in detail. The compressive strength of SAF with 10 % molar ratio of fluoroalkanes is greatly enhanced while the thermal conductivity keeps the same as unmodified silica aerogel to balance the mechanical and thermal insulation properties. Study on the structure and property of SAF aerogels shows that the mechanical property is enhanced at proper molar content of fluoroalkanes, which probably thickens the necks between silica particles and lower the crosslinking density. The SAF aerogels shows excellent insulation against thermal and cold conditions. Furthermore, the surfaces of SAF aerogels are superhydrophobic by introducing low surface energy fluoroalkanes, and show self-cleaning property, facilitating the application of silica aerogels. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Thermal insulation

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Observation of multiple surface states in naturally cleavable chiral crystal PdSbSe

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Physical Review Materials 2025年第3期9卷 L031201-L031201页

作者： Zhicheng Jiang Zhengtai Liu Chenqiang Hua Xiangqi Liu Yichen Yang Jianyang Ding Jiayu Liu Jishan Liu Mao Ye Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory and School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT) Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device Department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China State Key Lab of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang Xixi Octagon City Yuhang District Hangzhou 310023 China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 200031 China State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 China

Chiral multifold fermions in solids exhibit unique band structures and topological properties, making them ideal for exploring fundamental physical phenomena related to nontrivial topology, chirality, and symmetry breaking. However, the challenge of obtaining clean, flat surfaces through cleavage has hindered the investigation of their unique electronic states. In this study, we utilize high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations to investigate the low-energy electronic structure of the cleavable single-crystal PdSbSe. Our combined experimental and theoretical analysis reveals the presence of multifold-degenerate fermions within this chiral crystal. We also observe multiple chiral Fermi arc surface states and spin-splitting behavior in the associated bulk bands. These findings provide unique insights into chiral, multifold fermionic states in easily cleavable crystals and offer a robust platform for further research into their unique electronic properties and potential applications in novel electronic devices.

关键词： Photoelectron spectroscopy

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Achieving a large field-induced polarization and energy density in BaTiO_(3)films sputter-deposited on Si at 200℃ via a buffer-layer technique

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Journal of advanced Ceramics 2025年第3期14卷 69-78页

作者： Chao Liu Jun Ouyang Yuyao Zhao Hanfei Zhu Hongbu Cheng Zhenyan Liang Li Wang Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Chemistry Jinan Engineering Laboratory for Multi-scale Functional MaterialsShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China Key Laboratory of Key Film Materials&Application for Equipments(Hunan Province) Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Thin Film Materials and DevicesSchool of Material Sciences and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China Key Laboratory for Liquid–Solid Structure Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China

Ferroelectric oxide films with a large field-induced polarization can be used in dielectric capacitors for charge or energy storage in microelectronic systems and hence have attracted intense research interest.A high processing temperature is usually required to produce a well-crystallized polar phase and hence a large polarization in the film,corresponding to a high charge or energy ***,high processing temperature not only reduces the charge‒discharge efficiency by producing a sizable remnant polarization but is also incompatible with the integration *** this study,we address this problem by creating a large field-induced polarization(~55.8μC/cm^(2))in BaTiO_(3)films sputter-deposited on Si at 200℃ via a buffer-layer *** large polarization led to a high energy density and efficiency(Wrec≈94.7 J/cm^(3),η≈78.2%@4 MV/cm).The thickness of LaNiO_(3)buffer layer was revealed to be the key factor determining the electric polarization(remnant and field-induced ones).A 50 nm LaNiO_(3)thickness,corresponding to the aforementioned polarization and energy storage performance,not only ensures proper crystallization in the BaTiO_(3)film,but also leads to an optimal combination of polycrystalline grains with a high dielectric *** latter accounts for the majority of the field-induced *** results revealed the key role of a buffer layer in tuning the microstructure of a low-temperature deposited ferroelectric oxide ***,the excellent charge/energy storage performance of these 200℃-deposited BaTiO_(3)films has provided many opportunities for this simple dielectric in microelectronics.

关键词： ferroelectric oxide films field-induced polarization BaTiO_(3) LaNiO3 energy density

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High spatial resolution infrared measurement method for transient temperature field based on 3D-SwinIR super-resolutions

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Review of Scientific Instruments 2025年第4期96卷 045107页

作者： Huang, Zihao Shen, Yirui Zhou, Mingxuan Chen, Manxi Yang, Heng Li, Shuang Chen, Hao-Sen Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence Beihang University Beijing China

It is crucial to study the dynamic failure of materials because such failures occur widely in the fields of mechanics and earthquakes. However, capturing high-speed, high-resolution measurements of adiabatic shear bands temperature field during dynamic failure presents significant challenges. In this study, the spatial resolution of transient temperature field measurement was improved based on the self-developed high-speed infrared detector system combined with a novel multi-frame super-resolution method (3D-SwinIR). The super-resolution method employs 3D convolutional blocks and the Swin Transformer to effectively extract both shallow and deep features from multi-frame images, achieving high-quality super-resolution of high-speed infrared images. The effectiveness of the multi-frame super-resolution method was evaluated by a single structure measurement experiment, which indicated that spatial resolution has increased by 37%. An experiment was conducted on hat-shaped specimens using 3D-SwinIR for dynamic loading temperature measurement. The measurement errors for the peak and width of the temperature field were reduced by 51% and 33%, respectively. 3D-SwinIR provided a high spatial resolution measurement method for studying the dynamic thermal response of materials. © 2025 Author(s).

关键词： Image resolution

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Liquid metal assistant self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of S-containing high-entropy MAX-phase materials

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第6期209卷 1-8页

作者： Donglong Bai Qiang Wang Bin Deng Yang Li Ao Huang Zitong Cheng Yun Zhao Jing Li Wei Yao Jianguang Xu School of Materials and Energy Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and EvaluationShanghai Polytechnic UniversityShanghai 201209China Shanghai Thermophysical Properties Big Data Professional Technical Service Platform Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional MaterialsShanghai 201209China School of Materials Science and Engineering Yancheng Institute of TechnologyYancheng 224000China School of Materials and Energy Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and EvaluationShanghai Polytechnic UniversityShanghai 201209China

Due to their high-entropy effects,the high-entropy(HE)MAX-phase materials improve the comprehen-sive performance of MAX phases,opening up more possibilities for practical engineering ***,it is still challenging to obtain S-containing high-entropy MAX phases because of the high volatilization behavior of sulfur,suffering from issues such as high reaction temperature and long re-action time of traditional synthesis *** paper proposes a novel process named as liquid metal assistant self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(LMA-SHS)for efficient synthesis of high-purity S-containing high-entropy MAX-phase ***-melting-point metal(Sn or In)has been introduced into the raw mixture and melted into a liquid phase during the early stage of the SHS *** serv-ing as a"binder"between transition metal atoms of the M-site due to the negative mixing enthalpy,this liquid phase can accelerate mass and heat transfer during the SHS process,ensuring a uniform solid solution of each element and realizing the synthesis of high-purity(TiNbVZr)2SC in an extremely short *** synthesis method for high-entropy MAX-phase materials developed in this study,i.e.,LMA-SHS,showing very short reaction time,low energy consumption,high yield,and low cost,has the promise to be a general energy-and resource-efficient route towards high-purity HE materials.

关键词： High-entropy S-containing MAX phases Liquid metal LMA-SHS

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In-phase collective unconventional photon blockade and its stability in an asymmetrical cavity containing N bosonic atoms

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 331-336页

作者： Ying Luo Xinqin Zhang Yi Xiao Jingping Xu Haozhen Li Yaping Yang Xiuwen Xia School of Physics and Electronic Information Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhou 341000China Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics and Functional Materials School of Mathematics and PhysicsJinggangshan UniversityJi’an 343009China MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structure Materials School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China College of Communication Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

We present work on a cavity-driven QED system combining an asymmetrical Fabry–Perot cavity and N two-level atoms(TLAs)and show the convenience of simplifying from distinguishable atoms to undistinguishable bosons when the atoms are prepared in the same initial *** simplification is valid even when the atoms are not prepared in the inphase condition,since any partial in-phase initial state will evolve into the ground state through a relaxation ***,we get a reduced group of differential equations by introducing the Dicke states,and the under-zero Lyapunov exponents verify its *** also work out the collective unconventional photon blockade(UCPB)and get two kinds of giant nonreciprocal UCPBs(NUCPBs)in the weak-driving *** show that we can employ N noninteracting bosonic atoms to generate a collective UCPB instead of a monoatomic UCPB as the UCPB conditions do not vary with the number of ***,the forward giant NUCPB only occurring for N larger than a certain number as well as the backward giant NUCPB are controllable by the cavity asymmetry and by the number of *** findings suggest a prospective approach to the generation of quantum nonreciprocity by N identical atoms.

关键词： unconventional photon blockade quantum nonreciprocity asymmetrical cavity

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