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The thermal stability of Er2O3 anti-reflective films deposited on CVD diamond by magnetron sputtering

Ceramics International 2025年第13期51卷 17568-17574页

作者： Huang, Yabo Zhao, Xia Zhu, Xiaohua Liu, Shengji Wang, Xulei Yue, Yuehan Sun, Weishuai Wang, Pei Guo, Xiaoqin Li, Chengming Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technologies Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan Zhengzhou450046 China Beijing Institute of Metrology Beijing100029 China SF Diamond Co. LTD Zhengzhou450016 China Henan Key Laboratory of High Performance Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites Institute of Carbon Matrix Composites Henan Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou450046 China Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China

Erbium oxide (Er2O3) films with excellent thermal and optical performance are essential for application as heat-resistant and anti-reflective (AR) materials in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond infrared windows. In this study, the thermal stability of Er2O3 AR films was investigated by heat treatment. The phase composition, microstructure, thermogravimetric analysis, mechanical properties, and infrared (IR) transmission performances of the Er2O3 AR films were thoroughly investigated. The results show that the cubic (222) plane orientation of the Er2O3 AR films after heat treatment was preferential to that at room temperature. No significant change was observed in the DSC and TG curve at the temperature varied, but the DSC curve of the Er2O3 AR films revealed two distinct stages at 502 °C and 798 °C owing to the formation of Er2O3 (420) and (134) planes. Specifically, the phase structure remained unchanged by high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) observation, and the peak at 578.4 cm−1 was the only obvious impurity peak in the Raman spectrum owing to the introduction of the Er–O bond. Additionally, significant shedding of the Er2O3 AR films on the surface of the CVD diamond occurred at high temperatures. The grain size and roughness increased as the temperature increased, adversely affecting the continuous abrasion resistance of the Er2O3 AR films. Moreover, the Er2O3 AR films exhibited outstanding mechanical and optical properties at 800 °C, achieving a depth of only 0.65 μm and a maximum transmittance increased from 65 % of diamond to 76 %. This study provides valuable insights into the thermal stability of the Er2O3 AR films under high temperature application scenarios. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Oxide films

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Blocking thermal runaway propagation in large-format sodium-ion battery system through localized energy release

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第5期104卷 514-526页

作者： Yongchun Dang Yongchao Yu Zhenpo Wang Peng Liu Xunli Zhou Yongjie Zhao Peipei Qi Fei Xu Lei Li National Engineering Research Center of Electric Vehicles Beijing Co-Innovation Centre for Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Research Center of Do-Fluoride New Energy Technology Co. Ltd.

Cascading thermal runaway(TR) propagation poses a critical safety concern for large-format sodium-ion battery(SIB) systems because of the heightened risks of fires or explosions. However, effectively suppressing TR propagation without introducing unintended side effects remains a significant ***, we demonstrate a localized energy release method to mitigate TR, by reducing the state of charge(SOC) of cells adjacent to the thermally runaway unit. We discover that as the SOCs decreased from 100%to 25%, the TR trigger temperature decreased significantly, and the maximum temperature decrease from 367 to 229 ℃. Meanwhile, the volume of gas decreased to one-third of its original value, while the range of explosion limits significantly narrowed. The analysis of the morphology of the debris further confirms that the structural damage is greater at higher SOC levels. Moreover, an Entropy Weight and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(EW-TOPSIS) method has been established to assess the safety status of SIBs, showing that the TR possibility is nearly linear with the SOCs, and the TR hazard is exponentially related to the SOCs. Finally, when the SOC of cells adjacent to the TR cell is reduced to 25%, TR can be directly blocked without the need for additional cooling or thermal insulation methods. This study not only advances the understanding of TR behavior in SIBs but also offers a straightforward approach to mitigating the TR risk in SIB systems.

关键词： Localized energy release Safety assessment Sodium-ion battery Thermal runaway

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PtPdAg nanotrees with low Pt content for high CO tolerance within formic acid and methanol electrooxidation

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Rare Metals 2025年第1期44卷 300-310页

作者： Yu-Fei Wang Shou-Lin Zhang Yu-Xin Deng Shi-Han Luan Cai-Kang Wang Lin-Fei Ding Xian Jiang Dong-Mei Sun Ya-Wen Tang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China School of New Energy Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyJiangyin 214443China Advanced Analysis and Testing Center Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

To efficiently diminish the Pt consumption while concurrently enhancing the anodic reaction kinetics,a straightforward synthesis for PtPdAg nanotrees(NTs)with exceedingly low Pt content is presented,utilizing the galvanic replacement reaction between the initially prepared PdAg NTs and Pt *** to the multilevel porous tree-like structure and the incorporation of low amounts of Pt,the electrocatalytic activity and stability of PtPdAg NTs are markedly enhanced,achieving 1.65 and 1.69 A·mg^(-1)Pt+Pd for the anodic reactions of formic acid oxidation(FAOR)and methanol oxidation(MOR)within DLFCs,surpassing the performance of PdAg NTs,as well as that of commercial Pt and Pd *** functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that the addition of low amounts of Pt leads to an increase in the d-band center of PtPdAg NTs and lower the COads adsorption energy to-1.23 eV,enhancing the anti-CO toxicity properties *** approach offers an effective means for designing low Pt catalysts as exceptional anodic electrocatalysts for direct liquid fuel cells.

关键词： PtPdAg nanotrees Low Pt Bifunctional electrocatalysts Methanol oxidation reaction Formic acid oxidation

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Design principles of fluoroether solvents for lithium metal battery electrolytes unveiled by extensive molecular simulation and machine learning

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第3期102卷 52-62页

作者： Xueying Yuan Xiupeng Chen Yuanxin Zhou Zhiao Yu Xian Kong South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology School of Emergent Soft MatterSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640GuangdongChina Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640GuangdongChina

Electrolyte engineering with fluoroethers as solvents offers promising potential for high-performance lithium metal *** recent progresses achieved in designing and synthesizing novel fluoroether solvents,a systematic understanding of how fluorination patterns impact electrolyte performance is still *** investigate the effects of fluorination patterns on properties of electrolytes using fluorinated 1,2-diethoxyethane(FDEE)as single *** employing quantum calculations,molecular dynamics simulations,and interpretable machine learning,we establish significant correlations between fluorination patterns and electrolyte *** fluorination levels enhance FDEE stability but decrease *** symmetry of fluorination sites is critical for stability and viscosity,while exerting minimal influence on ionic *** with highly symmetric fluorination sites exhibit favorable viscosity,stability,and overall electrolyte *** primarily depends on lithium-anion dissociation or *** findings provide design principles for rational fluoroether electrolyte design,emphasizing the trade-offs between stability,viscosity,and *** work underscores the significance of considering fluorination patterns and molecular symmetry in the development of fluoroether-based electrolytes for advanced lithium batteries.

关键词： Electrolyte engineering Fluoroether solvent Molecular simulation Machine learning

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Promoting effect of d-band center and in-situ precipitation strategy on sulfur evolution reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第5期104卷 740-748页

作者： Jun Pu Yun Tan Jiasen Yin Zihan Shen Shoujie Liu Kai Zhang Lei Zhou Yagang Yao Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Energy Vehicle Battery Energy-Storage Materials College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu University Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology

The slow conversion of polyphase in lithium-sulfur （Li-S） batteries not only intensifies the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides （LiPSs）,but also causes the continuous accumulation of inactive sulfur species,resulting in rapid capacity attenuation and sluggish dynamic ***,the promoting effect of atomic interface stress on sulfur reaction was investigated via CoFe-CoFe2O4heterogeneous nanosheets with a cavity *** strain force induced by the in-situ precipitation of Co Fe bimetallic alloy in oxide matrix increased the d-band center,which was conducive to the interaction between catalyst and Li *** sulfur cathode based on this two-dimensional （2D） nanosheet design showed an extremely high capacity of 751 mAh g-1at 4 *** with a sulfur loading of 5.55 mg cm-2,its area capacity was still as high as 7.15 mAh ***,the enhanced stability greatly improved the practical potential of Li-S batteries.

关键词： 2D nanosheets D-band center In-situ precipitation Li-S batteries Strain effect

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Understanding the iodine electrochemical behaviors in aqueous zinc batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 402-415,I0009页

作者： Xuefang Xie Xiaoxin Xu Shuquan Liang Guozhao Fang College of Physical Science and Technology Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017XinjiangChina Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046XinjiangChina School of Materials Science&Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan ProvinceCentral South UniversityChangsha 41003 HunanChina National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials Key Laboratory Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina

Iodine is widely used in aqueous zinc batteries(ZBs)due to its abundant resources,low cost,and active redox *** addition to the active material in zinc-iodine batteries,iodine also plays an important role in other ZBs,such as regulating the electrochemical behavior of zinc ions,promoting the reaction kinetic and reversibility of other redox pairs,catalytic behaviors related to iodine reactions,coupling with other halogen ions,shuttle behaviors of polyiodides,***,there is currently a lack of comprehensive discussion on these ***,this review provides a comprehensive overview of the electrochemical behaviors of iodide in the aqueous *** effect of iodine ions on the Zn^(2+)desolvation behaviors and the interfacial behaviors of Zn anode was *** redox pairs boosting other redox pairs,such as MnO_(2)/Mn^(2+)redox pair and vanadium redox pair to obtain high reversibility and capacity was also ***,the catalytic behaviors related to iodine reactions in aqueous ZBs,synergistic reaction with other halogen ions and suppression of shuttle behaviors for high performance zinc-iodine batteries were systematically ***,future prospects for designing effective iodine electrochemical behaviors with practicability are proposed,which will provide scientific guidance for the practical application of iodine-related aqueous ZBs.

关键词： lodide ion Redox pairs Catalytic behavior Shuttle effect Zinc batteries

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Ballistic response mechanism and resistance-driven evaluation method of UHMWPE composite

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Defence technology(防务技术) 2025年第2期44卷 1-16页

作者： Yemao He Johnny Qing Zhou Yanan Jiao Hongshuai Lei Zeang Zhao Daining Fang Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-functional Composite Materials and Structures Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Protech New Material Science Co. Ltd.Beijing 102200China School of Textile Science and Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composite Materials Ministry of EducationInstitute of Textile Composite MaterialsTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China

The use of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)composite in the design of lightweight protective equipment,has gained a lot of ***,there is an urgent need to understand the ballistic response mechanism and theoretical prediction model of *** paper explores the ballistic response mechanism of UHMWPE composite through experimental and simulation ***,a resistance-driven modeling method was proposed to establish a theoretical model for predicting the bulletproof *** ballistic response mechanism of UHMWPE composite encompassed three fundamental modes:local response,structural response,and coupled *** occurrence ratio of these fundamental response modes during impact was dependent on the projectile velocity and laminate *** bulletproof performance of laminate under different response modes was assessed based on the penetration depth of the projectile,the bulging height on the rear face of the laminate,the thickness of remaining sub-laminate,and residual velocity of the *** absolute deviations of bulletproof performance indicator between theoretical value and experimental value were well within 11.13%,demonstrating that the established evaluation model possessed high degree of prediction accuracy.

关键词： UHMWPE composite Ballistic response mechanism Theoretical model Performance evaluation

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Crystal-Collapse-Induced Synthesis of High-Capacitance LaCoO_(x)/Co-Doped Carbon-Based Supercapacitors

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2025年第1期31卷 29-41页

作者： Zhihao Deng Yuanbo Wang Wu Shao Jingwen He Jie Sheng Ronghao Cen Yufei Fu Wenjun Wu Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials ChemistryFeringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterInstitute of Fine ChemicalsFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China

The development of high-performance,reproducible carbon(C)-based supercapacitors remains a significant challenge because of limited specific ***,we present a novel strategy for fabricating LaCoO_(x) and cobalt(Co)-doped nanoporous C(LaCoO_(x)/Co@ZNC)through the carbonization of Co/Zn-zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF)crystals derived from a PVP-Co/Zn/La *** unique ZIF structure effectively disrupted the graphitic C framework,preserved the Co active sites,and enhanced the electrical *** synergistic interaction between pyridinic nitrogen and Co ions further promoted redox *** addition,the formation of a hierarchical pore structure through zinc sublimation facili-tated electrolyte *** resulting LaCoO_(x)/Co@ZNC exhibited exceptional electrochemical performance,delivering a remarkable specific capacitance of 2,789 F/g at 1 A/g and outstanding cycling stability with 92%capacitance retention after 3,750 *** findings provide the basis for a promising approach to advancing C-based energy storage technologies.

关键词： Supercapacitor High capacitance Carbon electrode Doping Crystal-collapse

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Hierarchical NiFe LDH/N-doped Co/nickel foam as highly active oxygen evolution reaction electrode for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 280-289页

作者： Jiansheng Wang Yongsheng Wang Xiaoxuan Guo Mengting Chen Jinjie Fang Xiaojie Li Wei Zhu Zhongbin Zhuang State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Environmental Catalysis Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China PetroChina Shenzhen New Energy Research Institute Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518054China

Anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers(AEMWEs)are emerging as a promising technology due to the high performance and low ***,the development of highly active and stable non-precious metal-based catalysts for the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)remains a great *** this study,we present a top-down construction strategy for anode design,resulting in a hierarchical NiFe layered double hydroxide(LDH)/N-doped Co/nickel foam(NF)electrode synthesized via a hydrothermal-gas phase nitridation–electrodeposition *** electrode features NiFe LDH nanoplates grown on N-doped Co nanowires supported by nickel foam *** NiFe LDH/N-doped Co/NF electrode demonstrates exceptional performance,achieving a current density of 100 mA·cm^(-2) at a low overpotential of 262 mV with minimal attenuation of just 7 mV NiFe LDH/N-doped Co/NF RuO_(2)/NF NiFe LDH/N-doped Co/NF after 100 h of *** assembled into an AEMWE,the system requires only 1.63 V to achieve a current density of 1 A·cm^(-2),surpassing the performance of most reported *** N-doped Co nanowires are shown to enhance both activity and stability by increasing the electrode’s surface area and reinforcing the catalyst–support interaction.

关键词： water electrolysis oxygen evolution reaction hierarchical structure synergistic effect

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Time-dependent color-tunable room temperature phosphorescence from unusual conformational transitions in phenothiazine polymers under UV irradiation

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science China Chemistry 2025年第3期68卷 1091-1098页

作者： Jiwen Lu Yifan Niu Chanjuan Jin Chengheng Wu Hanyu Wang Yan Guan Ping Wang Xinghe Fan Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan ProvinceKey Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of CollegesUniversities of Hunan ProvinceCollege of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of EducationCenter for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Achieving color-tunable room-temperature phosphorescence(RTP),especially including blue RTP from a single-component polymer still faces a formidable ***,we wisely choose conformation-dependent phenothiazine with trifluoromethyl substituent as the side group of the phosphor monomer(Cz PT)and then copolymerize it with N-isopropylacrylamide(NIPAM)through photopolymerization to obtain polymers PPCz ***-dependent color-tunable phosphorescence from unusual quasi-equatorial(eq)to quasi-axial(ax)conformers are obtained,and the RTP color changes from orange(550 nm)to blue(470 nm)with phosphorescence lifetime up to 0.96 *** theoretical calculations confirm that the quasi-axial conformer is the preferred structure that facilitates the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds on the trifluoromethyl *** EPR spectra illustrate that the persistent UV irradiation generates radical cations to induce the conformational transitions first,followed by photopolymerization immobilizing the ax conformation in PPCz *** of data encryption and anti-counterfeiting are fabricated to show prompt and delayed multicolor *** work affords a simple and feasible avenue for two-dimensional color tunable room temperature phosphorescence from a single-component polymer.

关键词： polymeric room temperature phosphorescence color-tunable phosphorescence conformation-dependent time-dependent blue phosphorescence

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