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Non-Markovian enhanced temperature sensing in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate

Physical Review A 2023年第2期108卷 022608-022608页

作者： Lan Xu Ji-Bing Yuan Shi-Qing Tang Wei Wu Qing-Shou Tan Le-Man Kuang School of Physics and Chemistry Hunan First Normal University Changsha 410205 China Department of Physics and Electronic Information Science Hengyang Normal University Hengyang 421002 China Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province and Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Freespace Optical Communication College of Physics and Electronics Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang 414000 China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China Synergetic Innovation Academy for Quantum Science and Technology Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou 450002 China

We present a method for implementing quantum temperature sensing for extremely low temperatures in a quasi-1D dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate reservoir with a magnetic field-driven impurity atom acting as a quantum sensor. By analyzing the quantum signal-to-noise ratio (QSNR) as a metric for temperature sensing performance, we demonstrate that the presence of an attractive dipolar interaction in the reservoir, which includes the effects of non-Markovian dynamics on the sensor, significantly enhances estimation efficiency. We also investigate the steady-state estimation efficiency for long-encoding times through an analytical expression, which shows that the optimal QSNR depends on the driving magnetic field of the impurity atom. Our method can achieve high-efficiency temperature sensing for any low temperature by tuning the magnetic field. These findings suggest that our approach has potential applications in high-resolution quantum thermometry.

关键词： Open quantum systems & decoherence Quantum metrology Bose-Einstein condensates

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Mixed Motivation Driven Social Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Driving

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第6期12卷 1272-1282页

作者： Long Chen Peng Deng Lingxi Li Xuemin Hu State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems and the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing WAYTOUS Inc. Beijing Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ) Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hubei University Wuhan China Purdue School of Engineering and Technology Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis IN USA School of Artificial Intelligence Hubei University Wuhan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing System and Security (Hubei University) Ministry of Education Wuhan China

Despite great achievement has been made in autonomous driving technologies, autonomous vehicles (AVs) still exhibit limitations in intelligence and lack social coordination, which is primarily attributed to their reliance on single-agent technologies, neglecting inter-AV interactions. Current research on multi-agent autonomous driving (MAAD) predominantly focuses on either distributed individual learning or centralized cooperative learning, ignoring the mixed-motive nature of MAAD systems, where each agent is not only self-interested in reaching its own destination but also needs to coordinate with other traffic participants to enhance efficiency and safety. Inspired by the mixed motivation of human driving behavior and their learning process, we propose a novel mixed motivation driven social multi-agent reinforcement learning method for autonomous driving. In our method, a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithm, called Social Learning Policy Optimization (SoLPO), which takes advantage of both the individual and social learning paradigms, is proposed to empower agents to rapidly acquire self-interested policies and effectively learn socially coordinated behavior. Based on the proposed SoLPO, we further develop a mixed-motive MARL method for autonomous driving combined with a social reward integration module that can model the mixed-motive nature of MAAD systems by integrating individual and neighbor rewards into a social learning objective for improved learning speed and effectiveness. Experiments conducted on the MetaDrive simulator show that our proposed method outperforms existing state-of-the-art MARL approaches in metrics including the success rate, safety, and efficiency. More-over, the AVs trained by our method form coordinated social norms and exhibit human-like driving behavior, demonstrating a high degree of social coordination.

关键词： Measurement Reinforcement learning Safety Driver behavior Autonomous vehicles Optimization

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OFDM Signal Design Based on Electrode-based Through-the-earth communication

OFDM Signal Design Based on Electrode-based Through-the-eart...

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International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing and communications and International Symposium on Cyberspace and security (IUCC-CSS)

作者： Gan Zhang Zhan Xu Jinhui Chen Xiaowen Wen Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing China School of Automation Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing China School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466684

Through-the-earth (TTE) communication is of great significance to establish the information transmission with the trapped people at the first time and ensure the smooth flow of information. The complex electromagnetic environment of the terrestrial channel brings many difficulties in wireless signal transmission. This paper proposes an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal design scheme of electrode-based TTE communication. The scheme, which has intense penetration and high reliability, designs the frequency and modulation mode of the subcarrier according to the electromagnetic characteristics of earth channel and noise interference. This paper also provides the results of field experiments to show the performance of this OFDM signal.

关键词： Earth Wireless communication Frequency modulation OFDM Low-pass filters Interference Ubiquitous computing

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Probing spatial effects on quantum reservoir sensing in quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates

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Physical Review Research 2025年第2期7卷 023100-023100页

作者： Lan Xu Ya Yang Yunlan Zuo Abdelâali Boudjemâa Qing-Shou Tan School of Physics and Chemistry Hunan First Normal University Changsha 410205 China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of the Ministry of Education Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China Department of Physics Faculty of Exact Sciences and Informatics and Laboratory of Mechanics and Energy Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef P.O. Box 78 02000 Chlef Algeria Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Freespace Optical Communication College of Physics and Electronics Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang 414000 China

We explore the impact of spatial separation between two sensor qubits on quantum sensing performance within a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate reservoir. By analyzing the quantum Fisher information and quantum signal-to-noise ratio for sensor qubits initialized in both entangled and product states, we reveal distinct behaviors in estimating key reservoir parameters, including spectral density coupling strength and temperature. For coupling strength estimation, smaller spatial distances between the sensor qubits enhance sensing precision. In contrast, for temperature sensing, the spatial separation emerges as a valuable resource, enabling significant improvements in estimation accuracy. Additionally, we discover that product states may outperform entangled states for parameter estimation in quantum reservoir sensing. These findings provide insights into leveraging spatial configurations and state initialization for optimizing quantum sensing protocols in quantum reservoirs.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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CODH++: Macro-semantic differences oriented instance segmentation network

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Expert Systems with Applications 2022年 202卷 1页

作者： Zhang, Wenchao Fu, Chong Cao, Lin Sham, Chiu-Wing School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China Engineering Research Center of Security Technology of Complex Network System Ministry of Education China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of Education Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing100101 China School of Computer Science The University of Auckland New Zealand

With the idea of divide and rule, there exist two different forms of semantic features flowing in the two stage instance segmentation paradigms. They are the global features at the image level and the instance features at the region-wise. The most significant distinction of the two macro-semantic morphological features lies in the different relevance of neighborhood features caused by background noise. Hence, we should consider different situations and make different schemes. Notice that the fields-of-view determines the range of local features that can be perceived in the convolution operation and implies the representation capability of the network. To this end, for FPN and Mask Head in two stage paradigms, we propose a more efficient methodology with Group-Inception and Asymmetric-Inception modules. This proposed methodology can act as a drop-in replacement to upgrade the plain convolution operation, which enables the network to look more via modeling long-range dependencies. Our method is simple yet effective. Quantitatively, we can significantly improve the state-of-the-art frameworks, including Mask R-CNN, Mask Scoring R-CNN, Cascade Mask R-CNN, and HTC by about 1.2%–2.2% AP on MS COCO test-dev yet with fewer parameters and FLOPs. Moreover, the proposed approach achieves competitive performances on the Scapes, KINS and SBD datasets. The source code of our method will be made available. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Semantics

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Phase noise model for continuous-variable quantum key distribution using a local local oscillator

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Shao, Yun Wang, Heng Pi, Yaodi Huang, Wei Li, Yang Liu, Jinlu Yang, Jie Zhang, Yichen Xu, Bingjie Science and Technology on Communication Security Laboratory Institute of Southwestern Communication Chengdu610041 China State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China

The value of residual phase noise, after phase compensation, is one of the key limitations of performance improvement for continuous-variable quantum key distribution using a local local oscillator (LLO CV-QKD) system, since it is the major excess noise. However, due to the non-ideality of the realistic devices implemented in practice, for example, imperfect lasers, detectors and unbalanced interferometers, the value of residual phase noise in current system is still relatively large. Here, we develop a phase noise model to improve the phase noise tolerance of the LLO CV-QKD schemes. In our model, part of the phase-reference measurement noise associated with detection efficiency and electronic noise of Bob's detector as well as a real-time monitored phase-reference intensity at Bob's side is considered trusted because it can be locally calibrated by Bob. We show that using our phase noise model can significantly improve the secure key rate and transmission distance of the LLO CV-QKD system. We further conduct an experiment to substantiate the superiority of the phase noise model. Based on experimental data of a LLO CV-QKD system in the 25 km optical fiber channel, we demonstrate that the secure key rate under our phase noise model is approximately 40% higher than that under the conventional phase noise model. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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Phase-reference intensity attack on continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a real local oscillator

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Shao, Yun Li, Yang Wang, Heng Pan, Yan Pi, Yaodi Zhang, Yichen Huang, Wei Xu, Bingjie Science and Technology on Communication Security Laboratory Institute of Southwestern Communication Chengdu610041 China State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China

In practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution system using local local oscillator (LLO CV-QKD), the phase noise related to coherent detection and phase-reference pulse intensity that can be locally calibrated at the receiver side is considered to be trusted noise to improve the performance. However, if the intensity of the phase-reference pulse is not monitored precisely in real-time, a security loophole will be opened for the eavesdropper to launch attacks. To this end, we propose two practical phase-reference pulse intensity attack strategies, where Eve can reduce the trusted phase noise by manipulating the intensity of the phase-reference pulse, thereby hiding her attack on the signal pulse if the total excess noise remains unchanged. The performance of the LLO CV-QKD system under these attacks has been analyzed. We show that precisely monitoring the intensity of the phase-reference pulse in real-time is an essential countermeasure to prevent the proposed attacks. Moreover, an intensity-monitoring scheme for the phase-reference pulse is proposed to strengthen the security of the practical LLO CV-QKD system and make the trusted phase noise model more robust. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Phase noise

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Reinforcement learning assisted non-reciprocal optomechanical gyroscope

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tan, Qing-Shou Jiao, Ya-Feng Zuo, Yunlan Xu, Lan Liao, Jie-Qiao Kuang, Le-Man Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Freespace Optical Communication College of Physics and Electronics Hunan Institute of Science and Technology Yueyang414000 China School of Electronics and Information Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou450001 China Academy for Quantum Science and Technology Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou450002 China School of Physics and Chemistry Hunan First Normal University Changsha410205 China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of Physics Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Hunan Normal University Changsha410081 China

We propose a novel optomechanical gyroscope architecture based on a spinning cavity optomechanical resonator (COM) evanescently coupled to a tapered optical fiber without relying on costly quantum light sources. Our study reveals a striking dependence of the gyroscope’s sensitivity on the propagation direction of the driving optical field, manifesting robust quantum non-reciprocal behavior. This non-reciprocity significantly enhances the precision of angular velocity estimation, offering a unique advantage over conventional gyroscopic systems. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the operational range of this non-reciprocal gyroscope is fundamentally governed by the frequency of the pumping optical field, enabling localized sensitivity to angular velocity. Leveraging the adaptive capabilities of reinforcement learning (RL), we optimize the gyroscope’s sensitivity within a targeted angular velocity range, achieving unprecedented levels of precision. These results highlight the transformative potential of RL in advancing high-resolution, miniaturized optomechanical gyroscopes, opening new avenues for next-generation inertial sensing technologies. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Gyroscopes

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Sub-Gbps key rate four-state continuous-variable quantum key distribution within metropolitan area

Research Square

引用

Research Square 2021年

作者： Wang, Heng Li, Yang Pi, Yaodi Pan, Yan Shao, Yun Ma, Li Yang, Jie Zhang, Yichen Huang, Wei Xu, Bingjie Science and Technology on Communication Security Laboratory Institute of Southwestern Communication Chengdu610041 China State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) has potential advantages of high secret key rate, which is very suitable for high-speed metropolitan network application. However, the reported highest secret key rates of the CVQKD systems up to now are limited in a few Mbps. Here, we address the fundamental experimental problems and demonstrate a single-carrier four-state CVQKD with sub-Gbps key rate within metropolitan area. In the demonstrated four-state CVQKD using local local oscillator, an ultra-low level of excess noise is obtained and a high efficient post-processing setup is designed for practically extracting the final secure keys. Thus, the achieved secure key rates are 190.54 Mbps and 137.76 Mbps and 52.48 Mbps using linear channel assuming security analysis method and 233.87 Mbps, 133.6 Mbps and 21.53 Mbps using semidefinite programming security analysis method over transmission distances of 5 km, 10 km and 25 km, respectively. This record-breaking result increases the previous secret key rate record by an order of magnitude, which is sufficient to achieve the one-time pad cryptographic task. Our work shows the road for future high-rate and large-scale CVQKD deployment in secure broadband metropolitan and access networks. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum theory

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Sub-Gbps key rate four-state continuous-variable quantum key distribution within metropolitan area

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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