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Densification, microstructure, and mechanical properties of WMo–Al2O3 alloy fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Cui, Liya Wang, Changji Wei, Shizhong Dou, Caihong Zhao, Ziwen Chen, Chong Dong, Di Pan, Kunming School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang471000 China Longmen Laboratory Luoyang471000 China Henan Key Laboratory of High-temperature Structural and Functional Materials Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang471003 China Advanced Technology & Materials Co. Ltd Beijing100081 China

In the spark plasma sintering process, different sintering temperatures (1500–1900 °C) and sintering times (6–20 min) were used for the consolidation of WMo–Al2O3 powder. The results show that the highest relative density of the WMo–Al2O3 alloy was stable at 96 % when the sintering temperature was 1600 °C and the holding time was 10 min;under these conditions, the alloy had no obvious change in phases and a grain size of 0.73 μm. The stress exponent (n) of the diffusion process was less than 0.5, indicating that the densification mechanism of WMo–Al2O3 alloy is atomic diffusion between grain boundaries and particle rearrangement caused by grain boundary slip. The microhardness of the WMo–Al2O3 alloy first increased and then decreased with increasing temperature, which was attributed to the low density, resulting in low microhardness at low sintering temperatures. In addition, the microhardness increased with increasing relative density. When the temperature was further increased and the relative density remained unchanged, the WMo–Al2O3 alloy grain size increased and the hardness decreased. Under holding at 1600 °C for 10 min, the grain size was 0.73 μm, the hardness reached 721.3 HV, and the relative density reached 96.45 %. A transition layer existed in the interface region between the WMo solid solution and the Al2O3 particles, formed by mutual diffusion and reaction between the Al2O3 particles and the WMo matrix. The phase boundary indicated a good combination of Al2O3 particles with the WMo matrix, and the width of the interface bonding region was approximately 5 nm. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Densification

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Strain-enhanced dynamic regulation of chiroptical responses in 3D suspended nested metamaterials

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Optics Express 2025年第11期33卷 23440-23451页

作者： Bo Li ShiLong Duan QiuShun Zou RuanSheng Guo YiMin Chen ChenJie Gu PeiQing Zhang Xiang Shen Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China Laboratory of Infrared Material and Devices Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Functional Materials and Devices Advanced Technology Research Institute Ningbo University Zhejiang 315211 China CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China

Three-dimensional (3D) chiral metamaterials, which exhibit strong chiroptical responses, have attracted tremendous attention in the broad fields of next-generation photonic devices and chiroptical spectroscopy techniques. There is an urgent need for a novel fabrication approach that enables the rapid and straightforward preparation of 3D chiral nanostructures, along with a robust strategy for achieving dynamic regulation. Here, we proposed a strain-enhanced strategy for dynamically regulating the chiroptical responses of 3D suspended nested metamaterials from the transformation of a 2D precursor. The local strain enhancement could effectively resolve the bottleneck of insufficient strain and low precision for the buckling strain self-assembly. The changing morphology and circular dichroism (CD) of 3D suspended chiral metamaterials were analyzed under the impact of a strain-enhanced effect. Then, the uplifted heights of these 3D nanostructures increased with the substrate's pre-strain ( ɛ pre ). Its CD reached up to 0.79, mainly resulting from ring electric dipoles. Interestingly, the chiroptical responses of 3D nanopyramids were regulated dynamically by controlling the substrate's pre-strain. Such a strategy provides a new pathway for achieving high-performance chiral metamaterials and offers promising applications in circularly polarized light detection, super-chiral light sources, optical communication, and advanced nanophotonic systems.

关键词： Holographic displays Luminescent materials Negative index materials Optical properties Photonic devices Refractive index

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3D printing of (Cf-Csf)/ZrB2-SiC composites through coextrusion of flexible pre-infiltrated Cf/ZrB2 fiber bundle and Csf/ZrB2 paste

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Zhang, Yixin Cheng, Yehong Fang, Jinming Ma, Denghao Sun, Xin Li, Junping An, Yumin Hu, Ning Zhao, Libin School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin300401 China Ministry of Education Tianjin300401 China Key Laboratory of Hebei Province on Scale-span Intelligent Equipment Technology Tianjin300401 China Chongqing Science Innovation Center Hebei University of Technology Chongqing401135 China Science and Technology of Advanced Functional Composite Materials Laboratory Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology Beijing100076 China State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology Tianjin300401 China

This work addresses two major challenges in 3D printed ceramic composites: inadequate ceramic matrix infiltration in fiber bundles and the lack of optimized fiber-matrix interfaces. We developed a breakthrough fabrication strategy featuring: A tailored flexible carbon coating specifically designed for 3D printing applications, deposited on carbon fibers to create a suitable interface;A specialized pre-infiltration method enabling uniform ceramic slurry distribution in continuous carbon fiber bundles;and A unique co-extrusion process combining flexible pre-infiltrated Cf/ZrB2 bundles with Csf/ZrB2 paste. The resulting (Cf-Csf)/ZrB2-SiC composites, fabricated through multi-cycle precursor infiltration-pyrolysis, demonstrate remarkable mechanical properties (flexural strength: 237.6 MPa;fracture toughness: 7.30 MPa m1/2) and exceptional ablation resistance (enduring 2190 °C surface temperatures for 1320 s in wind tunnel testing). This work establishes a new paradigm for manufacturing ultra-high temperature ceramic composites with simultaneously enhanced mechanical and thermal performance. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Fracture toughness

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composite dispersants for the preparation of monodisperse spherical alumina with uniform particle size

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Ren, Junbo Huo, Mingda Liu, Pengbo Tan, Ying Li, Minghui Gao, Wei Sun, Xiaohong Guo, Ruisong Zhao, Xinqi School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China CMP Advanced Materials Co. Ltd Tianjin300459 China

Spherical α-alumina powder has been widely used in advanced alumina ceramics manufacturing due to its excellent sphericity, uniform particle size distribution and good dispersion. However, the small size and fast growth rate of α-alumina precursor particles lead to strong agglomeration during grain growth, making it difficult to obtain uniformly dispersed α-alumina particles with good sphericity. In this study, polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG2000) and poly (ammonium acrylate) (PAA-NH4) were used as composite dispersants to decrease agglomeration during the preparation of alumina precursors. When the contents of PEG2000 and PAA-NH4 were 0.5 g L−1 and 0.06 g L−1 (S4), respectively, uniformly dispersed alumina precursor particles with good sphericity and a particle size of about 506 nm were obtained, and the morphology remained stable after calcination. After molding and sintering the calcined powders, alumina ceramics with superior mechanical properties were produced. Compared to commercial α-alumina ceramics, flexural strength is increased by approximately 28.9 %, while fracture toughness is increased by approximately 29.2 %. This study offers a new foundation for the development of high-performance alumina powders and ceramics, supporting their engineering applications. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Calcination

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Integrated design of novel composite plate-truss hybrid lattice structures for superior energy absorption

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International Journal of Solids and Structures 2025年 318卷

作者： Wang, Xun Xiong, Jian Center for Composite Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150080 China

Conventional truss lattice structures are prone to stress concentration and shear banding under crushing loads, while plate lattice structures suffer from limited mechanical improvement due to narrow crushing spaces and manufacturing defects. A novel composite plate-truss hybrid lattice structure inspired by deep-sea glass sponges addresses these limitations by combining the lightweight performance of truss structures with the robust mechanical properties of plate-lattice structures. It can achieve a high energy absorption capacity by adjusting its geometric parameters. The powerful 3D printing technology of Multi Jet Fusion verified the feasibility of the novel composite square plate-truss hybrid structural design. The theoretical prediction model of the mean crush force of square plate-truss hybrid structure composite was established. Quasi-static compression tests and impact tests confirmed the accuracy of finite element results, while the deformation failure modes and mechanical responses of the new structure were analyzed. Compared to typical lattice structures, the novel composite square plate-truss hybrid structure demonstrates a larger effective crushing region, more stable mechanical response, and superior energy absorption characteristics. The impact of different geometric parameters on the mechanical properties of the proposed structure is discussed through parametric analysis, highlighting the significant influence of wall thickness on bearing and energy absorption characteristics. Furthermore, medium and low-speed impact loads were studied to assess the structural deformation characteristics, mechanical properties, and energy absorption. The results prove the reliability of the design method and show the deformation and energy absorption characteristics of different hybrid structures under different impact velocities. The bionic hybrid design strategy proposed in this study provides a promising way to significantly improve the mechanical properties of l

关键词： Crystal lattices

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Electrochemically and chemically in-situ interfacial protection layers towards stable and reversible Zn anodes

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science Bulletin 2025年第1期70卷 104-124页

作者： Yuqing Yang Liping Qin Qiong He Chengjie Yin Yongpeng Lei Shuquan Liang Guozhao Fang School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan ProvinceCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China College of Biological and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyNanning 545006China School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials Key Laboratory Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)have received widespread attention for large-scale sustainable energy storage due to their low toxicity,safety,***,the technology and industrialization of AZMBs are greatly plagued by issues of Zn anode such as persistent dendrites and parasitic side reactions,resulting in rapid capacity degradation or battery *** or chemically in-situ interfacial protection layers have very good self-adaption features for stability and reversibility of Zn anodes,which can also be well matched to current battery ***,the in-situ interfacial strategies are far from the practical design for effective Zn ***,a targeted academic discussion that serves the development of this field is very ***,the comprehensive insights on electrochemically and chemically in-situ interfacial protection layers for Zn anode were proposed in this *** showcased a systematic summary of research advances,followed by detailed discussions on electrochemically and chemically in-situ interfacial protection *** importantly,several crucial issues facing in-situ interfacial protection strategies have been further put *** final section particularly highlighted a systematic and rigorous scheme for precise designing highly stable and reversible in-situ interface for practical zinc anodes.

关键词： In-situ strategy Interfacial layer Zn anode Solid electrolyte interphase Aqueous zinc metal batteries

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边缘电子态调制实现效率超过15%的锡基钙钛矿太阳电池（英文）

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science China Materials 2025年第5期68卷 1462-1471页

作者：左晨刘庚灵刘聪龚安稳陈凯钟杨徐鑫熊文涛狄大卫胡笑添刘焘谈利承邹炳锁陈义旺 State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi University Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry (Mo 5 Lehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-sen University Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)/Film Energy Chemistry for Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory (FEC) Nanchang University DGUT-CNAM Institute Dongguan University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZhejiang University

锡基钙钛矿的严重p型掺杂效应和本征缺陷极大地限制了锡基钙钛矿太阳电池（PSCs）器件性能.本研究提出了一种新型n型有机小分子掺杂剂, NDI2HD-Br2,以缓解锡基钙钛矿的严重p型自掺杂并钝化锡相关缺陷. NDI2HD-Br2中具有高电子密度的羰基... 详细信息

锡基钙钛矿的严重p型掺杂效应和本征缺陷极大地限制了锡基钙钛矿太阳电池（PSCs）器件性能.本研究提出了一种新型n型有机小分子掺杂剂, NDI2HD-Br2,以缓解锡基钙钛矿的严重p型自掺杂并钝化锡相关缺陷. NDI2HD-Br2中具有高电子密度的羰基（C=O）可以向钙钛矿带边提供额外的电子,从而将锡基钙钛矿从p型转化为弱n型半导体（费米能级上移0.15 eV）.通过这种方法,锡基PSCs的功率转换效率（PCE）达到15.01%,开路电压高达0.95 V.此外,掺入NDI2HD-Br2的器件具有出色的长期稳定性,在氮气环境中存储1500小时后仍能保持81%的初始PCE.这项研究为调控锡基钙钛矿的电子结构并钝化其本征缺陷以实现高效稳定的太阳能电池提供了一条新途径.

关键词： perovskite solar cells tin electron transfer defects weak n-type

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Long-term oxidation resistance of a Ti65 alloy with Cr 2 AlC coating by magnetron sputtering

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Corrosion Communications 2025年 18卷 66-75页

作者： Ke Ma Yang Li Jingjing Li Jinming Wang Jingjun Xu Jun Zuo Meishuan Li Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang 110159 China Science and Technology on Advanced Functional Composites Laboratory Aerospace Research Institute of Material and Processing Technology Beijing 100076 China

In this study, novel high-quality Cr 2 AlC coating was fabricated on Ti65 alloy substrate as its protective oxidation resistance coating. Isothermal oxidation tests were performed at 650 and 750 °C for up to 400 h in air. The results indicated that Ti65 alloy underwent severe oxidation at 750 °C, accompanied by the presence of the cracking and exfoliating of the oxide scale during oxidation. Compared to the bare Ti65 substrate, the coated samples revealed more excellent oxidation resistance, meeting the parabolic law with low oxidation rate constants of 8.70×10 −13 kg 2 ·m −4 ·s −1 at 650 °C and 2.80×10 −13 kg 2 ·m −4 ·s −1 at 750 °C. At the surface, Al preferentially oxidized to form the protective Al 2 O 3 layer and synchronously Cr 7 C 3 sublayer, retarding the inward diffusion of oxygen and presenting excellent oxidation resistance. Besides, at the coating/substrate interface, Al diffused from Cr 2 AlC coating into the substrate to form an Al-rich layer in substrate adjacent to the coating/substrate interface. Due to the Al consumption, Cr-carbide and nitride, as well as TiN, were thereby formed at the interface reaction layer, which could act as a barrier for the interdiffusion process.

关键词： Ti65 titanium alloy Cr 2 AlC coating Oxidation behaviors Interface reaction Oxidation mechanism

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A novel, green method for the preparation of biodegradable PLA membranes without pore-forming agent

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Journal of Water Process Engineering 2025年 74卷

作者： Cai, Jiayi Han, Zunbo Sun, Yinjie Chen, Haoran Li, Haoran Wang, Ruoxi Ji, Yanhong He, Benqiao State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes School of Material Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin 300387 China Cangzhou Institute of Tiangong University Cangzhou 061000 China Science and Technology on Advanced Functional Composite laboratory Aerospace Research Institute of Materials & Processing Technology Beijing 100076 China

Polylactic acid (PLA) membranes have attracted significant attention in separation technologies due to their biodegradable properties. This study proposes a novel and eco-friendly pore-forming strategy for fabricating PLA membranes by triggering the in situ reaction between CaCO₃ nanoparticles and citric acid during the phase inversion process. Unlike conventional methods requiring synthetic pore-forming additives, this approach leverages the sacrificial role of CaCO₃ and the reaction-generated CO₂ nanobubble to synergistically construct a porous structure. The overall porosity increases from 70.2 % (pristine PLA membrane, M0) to 85.6 % (membrane prepared from a 6 wt% CaCO₃-containing casting solution, M6), while pure water flux rises dramatically from 20.1 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹ to 218.3 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹, with bovine serum albumin rejection maintained at 96.8 %. Furthermore, the flux recovery rate improves from 53.2 % (M0) to 71.2 % (M6), demonstrating enhanced antifouling properties. This entirely green fabrication process, employing only natural CaCO₃ and citric acid, represents a significant advancement in sustainable membrane technology and provides a viable route for developing high-performance biodegradable separation membranes. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biodegradable membrane CaCO3 nanoparticles Citric acid Polylactic acid

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Recent progress on surface chemistryⅡ:Property and characterization

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 8-57页

作者： Xin Li Zhen Xu Donglei Bu Jinming Cai Huamei Chen Qi Chen Ting Chen Fang Cheng Lifeng Chi Wenjie Dong Zhenchao Dong Shixuan Du Qitang Fan Xing Fan Qiang Fu Song Gao Jing Guo Weijun Guo Yang He Shimin Hou Ying Jiang Huihui Kong Baojun Li Dengyuan Li Jie Li Qing Li Ruoning Li Shuying Li Yuxuan Lin Mengxi Liu Peinian Liu Yanyan Liu Jingtao Lü Chuanxu Ma Haoyang Pan JinLiang Pan Minghu Pan Xiaohui Qiu Ziyong Shen Qiang Sun Shijing Tan Bing Wang Dong Wang Li Wang Lili Wang Tao Wang Xiang Wang Xingyue Wang Xueyan Wang Yansong Wang Yu Wang Kai Wu Wei Xu Na Xue Linghao Yan Fan Yang Zhiyong Yang Chi Zhang Xue Zhang Yang Zhang Yao Zhang Xiong Zhou Junfa Zhu Yajie Zhang Feixue Gao Yongfeng Wang Center for Carbon-based Electronics and Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices School of ElectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Spin-X Institute School of MicroelectronicsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 511442China School of Materials and Energy Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage DevicesGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China i-Lab CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and DevicesSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays&Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced MaterialsJiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced MaterialsNanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Physics&University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China College of Chemistry Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS) College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School

Surface with well-defined components and structures possesses unique electronic,magnetic,optical and chemical *** a result,surface chemistry research plays a crucial role in various fields such as catalysis,energy,materials,quantum,and *** science mainly investigates the correspondence between surface property and *** probe microscopy(SPM)techniques are important tools to characterize surface properties because of the capability of atomic-scale imaging,spectroscopy and manipulation at the single-atom *** this review,we summarize recent advances in surface electronic,magnetic and optical properties characterized mainly by SPM-based *** focus on elucidating theπ-magnetism in graphene-based nanostructures,construction of spin qubits on surfaces,topology properties of surface organic structures,STM-based light emission,tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and integration of machine learning in SPM studies.

关键词： Surface chemistry Scanning probe microscopy π-Magnetism Spin qubits Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

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