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Yarn-based superhydrophobic wearable sensors for ammonia gas detection at room temperature

Frontiers of Materials science 2025年第1期19卷 51-62页

作者： Hao Zhao Tao Yang Hao-Kai Peng Hai-Tao Ren Bing-Chiuan Shiu Jia-Horng Lin Ting-Ting Li Ching-Wen Lou School of Textile Science and Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Tianjin and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Advanced Textile Composite Materials Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Minjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108China Advanced Medical Care and Protection Technology Research Center College of Textile and ClothingQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Shaoxing Keqiao Institute of Tiangong University Shaoxing 312030China

Conventional metal-oxide-semiconductor(MOS)gas sensors are limited in wearable gas detection due to their non-flexibility,high operating temperature,and less *** this study,a yarn-based superhydrophobic flexible wearable sensor for room-temperature ammonia gas detection was prepared based on the nano-size effect of both nanocore yarns prepared through electrostatic spinning and MOS gas-sensitive materials synthesized via a two-step hydrothermal synthesis *** yarn sensor has a response sensitivity of 13.11 towards 100 ppm(1 ppm=10^(−6))ammonia at room temperature,a response time and a recovery time of 36 and 21 s,respectively,and a detection limit as low as 10 ppm with the sensitivity of up to 4.76 towards *** addition,it displays commendable linearity within the concentration range of 10‒100 ppm,accompanied by remarkable selectivity and stability,while the hydrophobicity angle reaches 155.74°.Furthermore,its sensing performance still maintains stability even after repeated bending and prolonged *** sensor also has stable mechanical properties and flexibility,and can be affixed onto the fabric surface through sewing,which has a specific potential for clothing use.

关键词： ammonia sensor superhydrophobicity metal oxide semiconductor flexible wearable sensor

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CFGLSs: Conformal filling gradient lattice structures designed by multiscale isogeometric topology optimization for 3D swept volume

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Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 2025年 442卷

作者： Zhou, Sheng Tao, Ran Sun, Qidong Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-functional Composite Materials and Structures Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

3D swept volume, enabled by advancements in additive manufacturing, present new opportunities for lightweight and functional optimization. However, efficient design methodologies for conformal filling gradient lattice structures (CFGLSs) remain scarce. This paper proposes a modified level set function (MLSF) that matches lattice structures to the geometry of 3D swept volume. Furthermore, a multiscale isogeometric topology optimization (MITO) approach is used to adaptively optimize the distribution of graded lattices, ensuring optimal integration. A surrogate constitutive model is developed using polynomial interpolation in conjunction with the MLSF and the homogenization method. Incorporating the surrogate constitutive model into the MITO, the relative density distribution of the swept volume is obtained. Continuous CFGLSs are generated using the updated MLSF method, with the equivalent density distribution guiding the simultaneous optimization of both the micro-scale lattice geometry and its macro-scale distribution. The proposed approach is validated through the design, fabrication, and experimental evaluation of semi-circular specimens and engineering rudders, exhibiting its effectiveness and practicality. © 2025

关键词： Crystal lattices

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Sequence-controlled dynamic covalent units enable decoupling of mechanical and self-healing performance of polymers

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science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 745-753页

作者： Luzhi Zhang Hongfei Huang Lijie Sun Xiaopeng Ma Hui Tan Zhengwei You Respiratory Department Shenzhen Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical CollegeShenzhen 518038China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringInstitute of Functional MaterialsResearch Base of Textile Materials for Flexible Electronics and Biomedical Applications(China Textile Engineering Society)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lightweight CompositeShanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative MedicineDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou 313001China

Sequence regulation provides an effective approach to controlling the properties of polymer ***,this approach remains an open question in the field of dynamic polymers,which emerge as more and more important new generation ***,we systematically investigate the effect of sequence control of dynamic covalent units in tuning the properties of *** sequence-controlled poly(oxime-urethanes)are *** dynamic oxime-urethane groups are relatively dispersed(SCP-1)or concentrated(SCP-2)distributed in their molecular *** sequence control strategy provides an efficient way to decouple the mechanical and self-healing performance of polymers,which is one of the most pressing challenges in the *** relatively dispersed oxime-urethane groups in SCP-1 not only facilitate the reorganization of the dynamic covalent bonds but also increase the probability of the reformation of hydrogen *** reversible dissociation/reassociation of dynamic bonds is conducive to dissipating energy to enhance mechanical performance and promote self-healing *** a result,SCP-1 exhibits much faster self-healing than SCP-2,and its tensile strength is nearly twice that of *** addition,energy dissipation capacity and degradation behavior also show significant sequence ***,this work reveals a new molecular structure-property relationship and provides a powerful strategy to construct high-performance polymers.

关键词： sequence control dynamic polymer poly(oxime-urethane) strength polyurethane

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Tailored large-particle quantum dots with high color purity and excellent electroluminescent efficiency

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science Bulletin 2025年第6期70卷 905-913页

作者： Bo-Chen Liu Qizhong Lin Shuang-Qiao Sun Qi Sun Xing Peng Xinyuan Chen Yang Li Yue-Min Xie Shuit-Tong Lee Man-Keung Fung Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&Devices Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering(MIMSE) MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional MaterialsZhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research InstituteMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Institute of Organic Optoelectronics(IOO) Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute(JITRI)Suzhou 215200China Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350108China Poly Optoelectronics Tech.Ltd. Jiangmen 529020China

High-quality quantum dots(QDs)possess superior electroluminescent efficiencies and ultra-narrow emission linewidths are essential for realizing ultra-high definition QD light-emitting diodes(QLEDs).However,the synthesis of such QDs remains *** this study,we present a facile high-temperature successive ion layer adsorption and reaction(HT-SILAR)strategy for the growth of precisely tailored Zn_(1-x)Cd_(x)Se/ZnSe shells,and the consequent production of high-quality,large-particle,alloyed red CdZnSe/Zn_(1-x)Cd_(x)Se/ZnSe/ZnS/CdZnS *** transitional Zn1 xCdxSe/ZnSe shells serve to effectively suppress heavy hole energy level splitting and weaken the exciton-longitudinal optical phonon coupling of QDs,thus facilitating the formation of highly luminescent QDs with a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield of 97.8%and narrow emission with a full width at half maximum of 17.1 *** addition,the introduction of transitional shells can extend the particle size of QDs to 19.0 nm,which is beneficial for efficient carrier recombination and reduced Joule heating in QD-based *** a result,the fabricated QLEDs can achieve a record external quantum efficiency of 38.2%,luminance over 120,000 cd m^(-2),and exceptional operational stability T95(tested at 1,000 cd m^(-2))of 24,100 *** findings provide new ave-nues for synthesizing high-quality QDs with high color purity.

关键词： Quantum dots Light-emitting diodes High color purity High efficiency Large particles

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GSH-activatable copper-elsinochrome off-on photosensitizer for combined specific NIR-II two-photon photodynamic/chemodynamic therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第3期36卷 322-327页

作者： Zekun Gao Xiuli Zheng Weimin Liu Jie Sha Shuaishuai Bian Haohui Ren Jiasheng Wu Wenjun Zhang Chun-Sing Lee Pengfei Wang Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films(COSDAF)&Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China

The complexity of cancer therapy has led to the emergence of combination therapy as a promising approach to enhance treatment efficacy and *** integration of glutathione(GSH)-activatable two-photon photodynamic therapy(TP-PDT)and chemodynamic therapy(CDT)offers the possibility to advance precision and efficacy in anti-cancer *** this study,a GSH-activatable photosensitizer(PS),namely copper-elsinochrome(CuEC),is synthesized and utilized for combination second nearinfrared(NIR-II)TP-PDT/*** Cu^(2+)acts as a“lock”,suppressing the fluorescence and^(1)O_(2)generation ability of EC in a normal physiological environment(“OFF”state).However,the overexpressed GSH in the tumor microenvironment acts as the“key”,resulting in the release of EC(“ON”state)and Cu^(+)(reduced by GSH).The released EC can be utilized for fluorescence imaging and TP-PDT under NIR-II(λ=1000 nm)two-photon excitation,while Cu+can generate highly toxic hydroxyl radicals(•OH)via Fenton-like reaction for ***,this process consumes GSH and diminishes the tumor’s antioxidant capacity,thereby augmenting the efficacy of combination *** CuEC achieves significant tumor cell ablation in both 2D monolayer cells and 3D multicellular tumor spheres through the combination of NIR-II TP-PDT and CDT.

关键词： GSH activation Copper-elsinochrome photosensitizer Reactive oxygen species NIR-II two-photon photodynamic therapy Chemodynamic therapy

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Enhancing performance of fullerene-based organic electrochemical transistors via side-chain engineering

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 905-912页

作者： Wenxin Fang Zijie Li Chengdong Wang Xiaowei Zhao Junyu Li Gang Ye Fengwei Huo Li Qiu Yanxi Zhang Wei Huang Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE Future Technologies)Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials and EnergyYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology Shanghai 201028China Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE)&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)Nanjing Tech University(NanjingTech)Nanjing 211800China Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLoFE)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

The performance of organic electrochemical transistors(OECTs)relies on the interaction between organic semiconductors and ***,hydrophilic ethylene glycol(EG)side chains are incorporated into organic semiconductors to improve the channel’s capacity to absorb ***,the EG substituted organic semiconductors tend to swell when immersed in aqueous electrolytes and exhibit microstructural changes induced by dopant *** our research,we introduce an alkyl spacer to create distance between the fullerene and EG *** approach is designed to reduce the negative effects of swelling and balance the ion and electron *** conducted an analysis of OECTs using four fullerene derivatives:no alkyl spacer,butyl,hexyl,and octyl *** OECTs based on fullerene derivatives with butyl and hexyl spacers exhibit enhanced transconductance(g_(m)=11.8 and 19.4 mS)compared to the ones without alkyl *** has also been observed that the butyl and hexyl spacers lead to a more than tenfold increase in volumetric *** increasing the alkyl spacer(octyl group)leads to no transistor *** study uncovers the relationship between alkyl spacers and the performance of OECTs based on fullerene *** will serve as a guideline for designing n-type small molecules for ***,we showcased the potential of utilizing OECTs based on these fullerene derivatives in cation sensing,which is promising for developing sweat sensors.

关键词： organic electrochemical transistors fullerene derivatives ethylene glycol side chains ion and electron conduction

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Fluoroalkane modified silica aerogels with excellent strength and self-cleaning property

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Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 2025年 662卷

作者： Gao, Youmei Ru, Chang Liu, Shengnan Yuan, Xiaoyan Ren, Lixia School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin300350 China PipeChina Institute of Science and Technology Tianjin30000 China

Silica aerogel, regarded as one of the lightest solid materials with porous structures, shows properties such as low thermal conductivity, high porosity, and extensive surface area, making it highly suitable for application in pipeline thermal insulation, aerospace engineering, oil-water separation, and various other fields. However, due to the neck effect in the pearl-like network formed by the direct and random interconnection between silica nanoparticles, the mechanical property is poor. Although the mechanical property is enhanced by modifying silica aerogels with inorganic and organic compounds, the thermal insulation is usually sacrificed with enhancing of mechanical property. In this study, low surface energy fluoroalkane modified silica aerogels (SAF) are prepared to enhance the compressive mechanical and superhydrophobic properties. In order to balance the mechanical property and the thermal insulation property, SAF with different contents of fluoroalkanes are studied in detail. The compressive strength of SAF with 10 % molar ratio of fluoroalkanes is greatly enhanced while the thermal conductivity keeps the same as unmodified silica aerogel to balance the mechanical and thermal insulation properties. Study on the structure and property of SAF aerogels shows that the mechanical property is enhanced at proper molar content of fluoroalkanes, which probably thickens the necks between silica particles and lower the crosslinking density. The SAF aerogels shows excellent insulation against thermal and cold conditions. Furthermore, the surfaces of SAF aerogels are superhydrophobic by introducing low surface energy fluoroalkanes, and show self-cleaning property, facilitating the application of silica aerogels. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Thermal insulation

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Observation of multiple surface states in naturally cleavable chiral crystal PdSbSe

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Physical Review Materials 2025年第3期9卷 L031201-L031201页

作者： Zhicheng Jiang Zhengtai Liu Chenqiang Hua Xiangqi Liu Yichen Yang Jianyang Ding Jiayu Liu Jishan Liu Mao Ye Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory and School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT) Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device Department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China State Key Lab of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang Xixi Octagon City Yuhang District Hangzhou 310023 China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 200031 China State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 China

Chiral multifold fermions in solids exhibit unique band structures and topological properties, making them ideal for exploring fundamental physical phenomena related to nontrivial topology, chirality, and symmetry breaking. However, the challenge of obtaining clean, flat surfaces through cleavage has hindered the investigation of their unique electronic states. In this study, we utilize high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations to investigate the low-energy electronic structure of the cleavable single-crystal PdSbSe. Our combined experimental and theoretical analysis reveals the presence of multifold-degenerate fermions within this chiral crystal. We also observe multiple chiral Fermi arc surface states and spin-splitting behavior in the associated bulk bands. These findings provide unique insights into chiral, multifold fermionic states in easily cleavable crystals and offer a robust platform for further research into their unique electronic properties and potential applications in novel electronic devices.

关键词： Photoelectron spectroscopy

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Ultraviolet and Blue Emissions of Ce- and Eu-Doped Lead-Free Halides Cs₃ZnCl₅ for White LEDs

ACS Applied Optical Materials

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ACS Applied Optical Materials 2025年第5期3卷 1119-1128页

作者： Liu, Ruifeng Zhou, Tianrui Wang, Yunluo Ye, Tingting Wu, Jianghua Ge, Shihao Gao, Zesen Sun, Futing Hou, Jingshan Fang, Yongzheng Wang, Minghui Jiang, Wan Wang, Lianjun Chen, Haijie State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials Institute of Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201418 China Research Center for Analysis and Measurement Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China

Due to the unique electronic structure of rare-earth elements, Ce and Eu doping has emerged as an effective strategy to induce luminescence phenomena in rare-earth doped metal halides. This study investigates the luminescent properties of zero-dimensional (0D) lead-free metal halides, Cs_3-xZn_1-xCe_xCl₅ (x = 0.03-0.15) and Cs₃Zn_1-xEu_xCl₅ (x = 0.03-0.18), focusing on the effects of rare-earth doping on their optoelectronic properties. Specifically, Ce doping at Zn sites results in long-wavelength ultraviolet (UVA) emission centered at 360 nm, while Eu doping leads to high-energy blue emission centered at 445 nm. The photoluminescence lifetimes for Cs_2.91Zn_0.91Ce_0.09Cl₅ and Cs₃Zn_0.85Eu_0.15Cl₅ are 4.12 and 5.47 μs, respectively. Furthermore, Cs₃Zn_0.85Eu_0.15Cl₅ was successfully utilized as a blue phosphor to fabricate a white light-emitting diode (WLED) by combining it with red and green phosphors. The WLED achieved a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 4628 K and a color rendering index (CRI) of 79.2, demonstrating its suitability for solid-state lighting applications. The robust UVA and blue emissions, coupled with their excellent optoelectronic performance, position these materials as promising candidates for advanced optoelectronic devices. © 2025 American Chemical Society.

关键词： lead free LEDs photoluminescence rare-earth doping zinc halides

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Cobalt-free cathode material LiNi_0.9Mn_0.05Mg_0.05O₂ with high cycle stability synthesized via the homogeneous co-precipitation method

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Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2025年第20期27卷 10848-10857页

作者： Wang, Jiatai Wen, Xi Tan, Yan Li, Yuanyuan College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Qinghai Normal University Xining 810000 China Qinghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Application of Environmental Functional Materials Xining 810016 China Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability Qinghai Normal University Xining 810016 China

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) possess advantages such as high energy density and excellent cycle performance, making them widely utilized in various energy storage devices. However, common cathode materials often contain Co, which is both scarce and expensive. Consequently, the research and development of cobalt-free LIBs has become increasingly significant. In this study, the cathode material LiNi_0.9Mn_0.05Mg_0.05O₂ (NMM955) was synthesized using a homogeneous co-precipitation method, and its electrochemical properties were investigated through structural characterization and electrochemical testing. The results showed that NMM955 exhibited high electrochemical performance when the calcination temperature was 750 °C and the calcination time was 20 h. At 0.1C, the initial specific discharge capacity was 189.54 mA h g⁻¹, and the capacity retention rate after 50 cycles was 98.21%. At 1C, the initial specific discharge capacity was 150.32 mA h g⁻¹, and the capacity retention rate after 100 cycles was 97.01%, demonstrating that NMM955 offered a feasible strategy for developing highly stable, cobalt-free ternary cathode materials. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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