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Latency minimization for multiuser computation offloading in fog-radio access networks

Digital communications and Networks 2025年第1期11卷 160-171页

作者： Wei Zhang Shafei Wang Ye Pan Qiang Li Jingran Lin Xiaoxiao Wu School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Laboratory of Electromagnetic Space Cognition and Intelligent Control Beijing100089China

Recently,the Fog-Radio Access Network(F-RAN)has gained considerable attention,because of its flexible architecture that allows rapid response to user *** this paper,computational offloading in F-RAN is considered,where multiple User Equipments(UEs)offload their computational tasks to the F-RAN through fog *** UE can select one of the fog nodes to offload its task,and each fog node may serve multiple *** tasks are computed by the fog nodes or further offloaded to the cloud via a capacity-limited fronhaul *** order to compute all UEs'tasks quickly,joint optimization of UE-Fog association,radio and computation resources of F-RAN is proposed to minimize the maximum latency of all *** min-max problem is formulated as a Mixed Integer Nonlinear Program(MINP).To tackle it,first,MINP is reformulated as a continuous optimization problem,and then the Majorization Minimization(MM)method is used to find a *** MM approach that we develop is unconventional in that each MM subproblem is solved inexactly with the same provable convergence guarantee as the exact MM,thereby reducing the complexity of MM *** addition,a cooperative offloading model is considered,where the fog nodes compress-and-forward their received signals to the *** this model,a similar min-max latency optimization problem is formulated and tackled by the inexact *** results show that the proposed algorithms outperform some offloading strategies,and that the cooperative offloading can exploit transmission diversity better than noncooperative offloading to achieve better latency performance.

关键词： Fog-radio access network Fog computing Majorization minimization WMMSE

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A Defective Ground Structure Design for Reducing Coupling between Microstrip Antenna Arrays

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Progress in Electromagnetics Research C 2025年 151卷 123-130页

作者： Xu, Junhao Wang, Yafei Wang, Xiaozhe Li, Zhensong Key Laboratory of Information and Communication Systems Ministry of Information Industry Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing100101 China Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement & Control Technology Ministry of Education Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing100101 China

In order to reduce the coupling between dense antenna arrays in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, this paper proposes a method to reduce the coupling between microstrip antenna arrays by utilizing a defected ground structure (DGS), which consists of "W"-shaped slits etched in the ground plane. Simulation results show that the structure can achieve −46.6 dB isolation between antenna arrays. To verify the effectiveness of the structure, the microstrip antenna arrays loaded with this DGS are fabricated and measured, and the measured results are consistent with the simulated ones, which verifies the effectiveness of the structure. © 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antenna arrays

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A Blockchain-Based Efficient Cross-Domain Authentication Scheme for Internet of Vehicles

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 567-585页

作者： Feng Zhao Hongtao Ding Chunhai Li Zhaoyu Su Guoling Liang Changsong Yang Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Industrial Internet Security and Blockchain Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin541004China School of Information and Communication Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin541004China School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin541004China

The Internet of Vehicles(IoV)is extensively deployed in outdoor and open environments to effectively address traffic efficiency and safety issues by connecting vehicles to the ***,due to the open and variable nature of its network topology,vehicles frequently engage in cross-domain *** such processes,directly uploading sensitive information to roadside units for interaction may expose it to malicious tampering or interception by attackers,thus compromising the security of the cross-domain authentication ***,IoV imposes high real-time requirements,and existing cross-domain authentication schemes for IoV often encounter efficiency *** mitigate these challenges,we propose CAIoV,a blockchain-based efficient cross-domain authentication scheme for *** scheme comprehensively integrates technologies such as zero-knowledge proofs,smart contracts,and Merkle hash tree *** divides the cross-domain process into anonymous cross-domain authentication and safe cross-domain authentication phases to ensure efficiency while maintaining a balance between efficiency and ***,we evaluate the performance of *** results demonstrate that our proposed scheme reduces computational overhead by approximately 20%,communication overhead by around 10%,and storage overhead by nearly 30%.

关键词： Blockchain cross-domain authentication internet of vehicle zero-knowledge proof

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Digital Twins for Incident Detection and Response 19th

Digital Twins for Incident Detection and Response

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19th International Conference on Research Challenges in information science, RCIS 2025

作者： Kampourakis, Konstantinos E. Department of Information Security and Communication Technology Norwegian University of Science and Technology Gjøvik2802 Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9783031924705

Digital Twin (DT) technology is revolutionizing critical infrastructure (CI) sectors by enabling real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and dynamic decision-making. However, this increased interconnectivity and complexity also introduces significant cybersecurity challenges. The current work investigates the potential of DTs to enhance cybersecurity incident detection and response mechanisms for CI systems. This investigation endeavors to explore how DTs, by leveraging machine learning and real-time data analysis, can identify cyber-specific anomalies, predict potential cyber threats, and simulate cyberattack scenarios to evaluate and optimize cybersecurity response strategies. Specifically, we emphasize the development of a comprehensive understanding of the role of DTs in enhancing system security and operational continuity, addressing evolving cyber threats with adaptive and proactive measures. Overall, our objective is to demonstrate the potential of DTs to build more resilient and secure infrastructures, safeguarding their reliability in a rapidly advancing digital landscape. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Identifying Sexual Predators in Chats Using SVM and Feature Ensemble

Identifying Sexual Predators in Chats Using SVM and Feature ...

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2023 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Networks and Computer communications, ETNCC 2023

作者： Fauzi, Muhammad Ali Wolthusen, Stephen Yang, Bian Bours, Patrick Yeng, Prosper Department of Information Security and Communication Technology Gjovik Norway Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Information Security and Communication Technology Gjovik Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9798350314878

Cyber grooming is a compelling problem worldwide nowadays since people spend most of their time online. All of the reports strongly suggested that it becomes very urgent to tackle the online child grooming problem in order to protect children from sexual exploitation. Automatic sexual predator identification can be a promising solution to this issue since the number of online conversations is too large to be monitored manually. In this work, a two-stage is proposed with a combination of several features. The first stage is for detecting the predatory conversations while the second step aims to distinguish the predator from the victim in the predatory conversations. The features ensemble used will be combining lexical and behavioral features. The lexical features used include BoW, POS-based, topical, and emotion-based. Meanwhile, the behavioral features used for this work include the number of messages, the average number of words, the number of exclamation marks, the number of questions, sentence complexity and readability, and the number of intentions. SVM was used as a classifier due to its good ability for many text classification tasks. The experiment result shows that BoW with tf - idf term weighting provided the best performance for both PCI and VPD tasks. BoW with tf- idf term weighting obtained an F0.5 score of 0.9893 on PCI and 0.9798 on VPD. The features ensemble can exceed most of the individual features that form it but still cannot beat BoW. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Resilient Distributed Kalman Filtering Against Malicious Cyber Attacks

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IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 2025年第3期61卷 7610-7625页

作者： Xia, Wei Zhou, Mengqing University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Information and Communication Engineering Chengdu611731 China Xinjiang University School of Computer Science and Technology School of Cyberspace Security Ürümqi830046 China

In this work, we consider the resilient distributed Kalman filtering (RDKF) for adversarial networks in the presence of different malicious cyber attacks, and develop an RDKF algorithm to enhance the network estimation accuracy. Specifically, we develop an attack detection approach such that each node would distinguish its secure neighbor(s) from its compromised counterpart(s), and determine whether it is compromised or not. We further propose a resilient fusion strategy to restrain the propagation of malicious intermediate estimates of each compromised node. We also theoretically analyze the mean and mean-square stability of the proposed RDKF algorithm, and develop an optimal reliable reference neighbor selection scheme, such that the network estimation accuracy could be further enhanced. Illustrative simulations validate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm for adversarial networks under different cyber attacks, even under potentially time-varying attacks. © 1965-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Wiener filtering

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UoCAD: An Unsupervised Online Contextual Anomaly Detection Approach for Multivariate Time Series from Smart Homes 9

UoCAD: An Unsupervised Online Contextual Anomaly Detection A...

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9th International Conference on Internet of Things, Big Data and security, IoTBDS 2024

作者： Toor, Aafan Ahmad Lin, Jia-Chun Lee, Ming-Chang Gran, Ernst Gunnar Department of Information Security and Communication Technology Norwegian University of Science and Technology Gjøvik Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9789897586996

In the context of time series data, a contextual anomaly is considered an event or action that causes a deviation in the data values from the norm. This deviation may appear normal if we do not consider the timestamp associated with it. Detecting contextual anomalies in real-world time series data poses a challenge because it often requires domain knowledge and an understanding of the surrounding context. In this paper, we propose UoCAD, an online contextual anomaly detection approach for multivariate time series data. UoCAD employs a sliding window method to (re)train a Bi-LSTM model in an online manner. UoCAD uses the model to predict the upcoming value for each variable/feature and calculates the model’s prediction error value for each feature. To adapt to minor pattern changes, UoCAD employs a double-check approach without immediately triggering an anomaly notification. Two criteria, individual and majority, are explored for anomaly detection. The individual criterion identifies an anomaly if any feature is detected as anomalous, while the majority criterion triggers an anomaly when more than half of the features are identified as anomalous. We evaluate UoCAD using an air quality dataset containing a contextual anomaly. The results show UoCAD’s effectiveness in detecting the contextual anomaly across different sliding window sizes but with varying false positives and detection time consumption. © 2024 by SCITEPRESS – science and technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Time series

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A Re-transmission Algorithm for Phasor Data Concentrators for Resilience Enhancement of State Estimation 19th

A Re-transmission Algorithm for Phasor Data Concentrators f...

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19th International Conference on Critical information Infrastructures security, CRITIS 2024

作者： Wright, James G. Wolthusen, Stephen D. Department of Information Security and Communication Technology Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway Department of Information Security Royal Holloway University of London London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783031842597

To maintain the current safety standards expected within power grids whilst incorporating new functionalities, such as distributed power generation, an increase in the precision of control and sensing devices is needed. A critical element for achieving this goal is the incorporation of phasor measurement units (PMUs) across the grid. However, the greater precision offered by PMUs is dependent on all them being synchronised to the same time source. This could be achieve through civilian GNSS time signals, however these are easily jammed. An adversary could exploit this vulnerability to manipulate or delay PMU measurements that are used in state estimation (SE) calculations, which estimate the current state of the power grid. The consequence of injecting malicious data in the SE calculation have been studied in depth, but less attention has been given to the attack vectors that could be used for their introduction. There has been some attention paid to how the manipulation of an individual PMU’s data can be used to facilitate a SE attack, but none has be given to the phasor data concentrators (PDC), the intermediate device which aggregates the PMU measurements before they are used in SE calculations. This paper presents an initial result that shows how a PDC can be utilised to lessen the chances that an adversary can successfully implement a SE attack, through the proposal of a PDC re-transmission algorithm. The proposal shows how a PDC can integrate the retransmission of data that it has discerned as corrupted or maliciously delayed. The proposal is formalised in applied π-calculus. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Phasor measurement units

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Few-shot electromagnetic signal classification:A data union augmentation method

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第9期35卷 49-57页

作者： Huaji ZHOU Jing BAI Yiran WANG Licheng JIAO Shilian ZHENG Weiguo SHEN Jie XU Xiaoniu YANG School of Artificial Intelligence Xidian UniversityXidian UniversityXi'an 710071China Science and Technology on Communication Information Security Control Laboratory Jiaxing 314033China

Deep learning has been fully verified and accepted in the field of electromagnetic signal classification. However, in many specific scenarios, such as radio resource management for aircraft communications, labeled data are difficult to obtain, which makes the best deep learning methods at present seem almost powerless, because these methods need a large amount of labeled data for training. When the training dataset is small, it is highly possible to fall into overfitting, which causes performance degradation of the deep neural network. For few-shot electromagnetic signal classification, data augmentation is one of the most intuitive countermeasures. In this work, a generative adversarial network based on the data augmentation method is proposed to achieve better classification performance for electromagnetic signals. Based on the similarity principle, a screening mechanism is established to obtain high-quality generated signals. Then, a data union augmentation algorithm is designed by introducing spatiotemporally flipped shapes of the signal. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed data augmentation algorithm, experiments are conducted on the RADIOML 2016.04C dataset and real-world ACARS dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improves the performance of few-shot electromagnetic signal classification.

关键词： Data union augmentation Electromagnetic signal classification Few-shot Generative adversarial network Screening mechanism

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Energy Efficiency Maximization for Cooperative NOMA with Hardware Impairments

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China communications 2024年第12期21卷 80-91页

作者： Wang Zhengqiang Chang Ruifei Wan Xiaoyu Fan Zifu Duo Bin School of Communication and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China College of Computer Science and Cyber Security Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

The massive connectivity and limited energy pose significant challenges to deploy the enormous devices in energy-efficient and environmentally friendly in the Internet of Things(IoT).Motivated by these challenges,this paper investigates the energy efficiency(EE)maximization problem for downlink cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access(C-NOMA)systems with hardware impairments(HIs).The base station(BS)communicates with several users via a half-duplex(HD)amplified-and-forward(AF)***,we formulate the EE maximization problem of the system under HIs by jointly optimizing transmit power and power allocated coefficient(PAC)at BS,and transmit power at the *** original EE maximization problem is a non-convex problem,which is challenging to give the optimal solution ***,we use fractional programming to convert the EE maximization problem as a series of subtraction form ***,variable substitution and block coordinate descent(BCD)method are used to handle the ***,a resource allocation algorithm is proposed to maximize the EE of the ***,simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the downlink cooperative orthogonal multiple access(C-OMA)scheme.

关键词： block coordinate descent cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access energy efficiency hardware impairments resource allocation

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