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Monitoring an untrusted light source with single-photon detectors in measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution

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Physical Review A 2019年第5期99卷 052302-052302页

作者： Yucheng Qiao Gan Wang Zhengyu Li Bingjie Xu Hong Guo State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication System and Network School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China Science and Technology on Security Communication Laboratory Institute of Southwestern Communication Chengdu 610041 China

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is proposed to close the loopholes of the detection part in QKD systems, while it still requires the light source to be trusted. This assumption is not guaranteed in practice, leading to practical secure issues. In this paper, we propose a light source monitoring scheme with single-photon detectors for MDI-QKD, which can guarantee the security of the system under the untrusted source condition with both common decoy state method and the newly proposed five-intensity decoy state method. Moreover, our monitoring scheme performs almost the same as the ideal MDI protocol even considering the imperfect factors in practical systems. Compared to the previous scheme, our work improves the secure key rate and the transmission distance of practical MDI-QKD systems significantly.

关键词： Quantum communication Quantum cryptography

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Optimal Cyclic (r, δ) Locally Repairable Codes With r + δ − 1 =q+14 6

Optimal Cyclic (r, δ) Locally Repairable Codes With r + δ ...

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6th International Conference on communication, Image and Signal Processings, CCISP 2021

作者： Liu, Xing Zeng, Qi Hao, Yao Zhao, Yue Zhong, Jun Zhou, Limengnan College of Electrical Engineering College of Mathematics Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China Science and Technology on Communication Security Laboratory Chengdu610041 China School of Electronic and Information Engineering UESTC Zhongshan Institute Zhongshan528400 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665432795

Locally repairable codes (LRCs), due to the local erasure-correcting property, have been widely used in distributed storage systems. In this paper, we construct cyclic (r, δ) LRCs ((r, δ) CLRCs) which are optimal according to the Singleton-like bound. The locality of the new CLRCs satisfies that r + δ − 1 = q+14 . This is different from those of CLRCs obtained by Qian and Zhang in 2020 which are r + δ − 1 = q + 1 and r + δ − 1 =q+12 . Then the parameters of our CLRCs are new. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Multiprocessing systems

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Phase noise model for continuous-variable quantum key distribution using a local local oscillator

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Physical Review A 2021年第3期104卷 032608-032608页

作者： Yun Shao Heng Wang Yaodi Pi Wei Huang Yang Li Jinlu Liu Jie Yang Yichen Zhang Bingjie Xu Science and Technology on Communication Security Laboratory Institute of Southwestern Communication Chengdu 610041 China State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

The value of residual phase noise, after phase compensation, is one of the key limitations of performance improvement for continuous-variable quantum key distribution using a local local oscillator (LLO CV-QKD) system, since it is the major excess noise. However, due to the nonideality of the realistic devices implemented in practice, for example, imperfect lasers, detectors, and unbalanced interferometers, the value of residual phase noise in the current system is still relatively large. Here, we develop a phase noise model to improve the phase noise tolerance of the LLO CV-QKD schemes. In our model, part of the phase-reference measurement noise associated with detection efficiency and electronic noise of Bob's detector as well as a real-time monitored phase-reference intensity at Bob's side is considered trusted because it can be locally calibrated by Bob. We show that using our phase noise model can significantly improve the secure key rate and transmission distance of the LLO CV-QKD system. We further conduct an experiment to substantiate the superiority of the phase noise model. Based on experimental data of a LLO CV-QKD system in the 25-km optical fiber channel, we demonstrate that the secure key rate under our phase noise model is approximately 40% higher than that under the conventional phase noise model.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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Practical security analysis of a continuous-variable quantum random-number generator with a noisy local oscillator

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Physical Review A 2020年第1期102卷 012422-012422页

作者： Weinan Huang Yichen Zhang Ziyong Zheng Yang Li Bingjie Xu Song Yu State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China Science and Technology on Security Communication Laboratory Institute of Southwestern Communication Chengdu 610041 China

A quantum random-number generator (QRNG) can theoretically generate unpredictable random numbers with perfect devices and is an ideal and secure source of random numbers for cryptography. However, the practical implementations always contain imperfections, which will greatly influence the randomness of the final output and even open loopholes to eavesdroppers. Recently, Thewes et al. experimentally demonstrated a continuous-variable eavesdropping attack, based on heterodyne detection, on a trusted continuous-variable QRNG in Phys. Rev. A 100, 052318 (2019), yet like in many other practical continuous-variable QRNG studies, they always supposed the local oscillator was stable and ignored its fluctuation, which might lead to security threats such as wavelength attack. In this work, based on the theory of the conditional min-entropy, imperfections of the practical security of continuous-variable QRNGs are systematically analyzed, especially the local oscillator fluctuation under imbalanced homodyne detection. Experiments of a practical QRNG based on vacuum fluctuation are demonstrated to show the influence of local oscillator fluctuation on the total measurement noise variances and the practical conditional min-entropy with beam splitters of different transmittances. Moreover, a local oscillator monitoring method is proposed for the practical continuous-variable QRNG, which can be used to calibrate the practical conditional min-entropy.

关键词： Quantum cryptography Quantum information processing Quantum information processing with continuous variables Quantum optics

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Controllable Asymmetric Attack Against Practical Round-Trip Fiber Time Synchronization System

Controllable Asymmetric Attack Against Practical Round-Trip ...

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2023 Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium, EFTF/IFCS 2023

作者： Xu, Xuesong Bian, Yiming Hu, Jinlong Dou, Jiayi Li, Yang Xu, Bingjie Zhang, Yichen Yu, Song Guo, Hong Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications School of Electronic Engineering Beijing100876 China Institute of Southwestern Communication Science and Technology on Communication Security Laboratory Chengdu610041 China Peking University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Center for Quantum Information Technology Beijing100871 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350311426

Using optical fiber links to transmit time information is widely regarded as an accurate and secure time synchronization scheme. However, the accuracy of the round-trip time synchronization system can be manipulated arbitrarily by attack schemes. In this paper, a controllable asymmetric attack scheme against round-trip time synchronization system is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. By adjusting the asymmetry of the link, the time synchronization accuracy can be controlled down from 23 ps to 0.91 ns, 2.13 ns and 5.20 ns. Our work reveals system vulnerability caused by asymmetry, and points out that current systems can be attacked unwittingly by adversaries. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： controllable asymmetric channel attack round-trip time synchronization

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Phase-reference-intensity attack on continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a local local oscillator

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Physical Review A 2022年第3期105卷 032601-032601页

作者： Yun Shao Yang Li Heng Wang Yan Pan Yaodi Pi Yichen Zhang Wei Huang Bingjie Xu Science and Technology on Communication Security Laboratory Institute of Southwestern Communication Chengdu 610041 China State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

In practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution system using local local oscillator (LLO CV-QKD), the phase noise related to coherent detection and phase-reference pulse intensity can be locally calibrated at the receiver side. Therefore, it can be regarded as trusted noise in order to obtain a higher secret key rate and transmission distance. However, security loopholes will be opened for the eavesdropper to launch attacks without appropriate countermeasures. To this end, we propose two practical phase-reference pulse intensity attack strategies, where Eve can reduce the trusted phase noise by manipulating the intensity of the phase-reference pulse, thereby hiding her attack on the signal pulse. The performance of the LLO CV-QKD system under these attacks has been analyzed. We show that precisely monitoring the intensity of the phase-reference pulse in real time is an essential countermeasure to prevent the proposed attacks. Moreover, an intensity-monitoring scheme for the phase-reference pulse is proposed to strengthen the security of the practical LLO CV-QKD system and make the trusted phase noise model more robust.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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An Integrated Silicon Photonic Chip for Continuous-Variable Quantum Random Numbers Generator Based on Vacuum Fluctuation

An Integrated Silicon Photonic Chip for Continuous-Variable ...

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2021 International Conference on Advances in Optics and Computational sciences, ICAOCS 2021

作者： Zhu, Menglin Wang, Xiangyu Xu, Bingjie Yu, Song Chen, Ziyang Guo, Hong State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronics and Center for Quantum Information Technology Beijing100871 China Science and Technology on Communication Security Laboratory Institute of Southwestern Communication No. 6 Chuangye Road Chengdu610041 China

The deployment of quantum random number generator in fiber optics is strongly limited in real world applications due to the size of the components and their cost. Here we present a quantum random number generator based on vacuum fluctuation using an optical homodyne detection in silicon photonic chip achieving minimum entropy/bit of 8.5 for 10 bits sample. The produced random numbers have passed all NIST randomness tests. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Random number generation

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Experimental implementation of high-speed balanced homodyne detector

Experimental implementation of high-speed balanced homodyne ...

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Frontiers in Optics, FIO 2018

作者： Zhang, Xiaoxiong Zhang, Yichen Xu, Bingjie Yu, Song Guo, Hong State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China Science and Technology on Security Communication Laboratory Institute of Southwestern Communication Chengdu610041 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communications Systems and Networks School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Center for Quantum Information Technology Center for Computational Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing100876 China

We present a high-speed balanced homodyne detector whose bandwidth is above 900 MHz and quantum to classical noise ratio reaches 12 dB respectively, which could be applied to the high-speed continuous variable quantum... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580460

关键词： Quantum optics

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Randomness quantification for quantum random number generation based on detection of amplified spontaneous emission noise

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Yang, Jie Fan, Fan Liu, Jinlu Su, Qi Li, Yang Huang, Wei Xu, Bingjie Science and Technology on Security Communication Laboratory Institute of Southwestern Communication Chengdu610041 China State Key Laboratory of Cryptology Beijing100878 China

The amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise has been extensively studied and employed to build quantum random number generators (QRNGs). While the previous relative works mainly focus on the realization and verification of the QRNG system, the comprehensive physical model and randomness quantification for the general detection of the ASE noise are still incomplete, which is essential for the quantitative security analysis. In this paper, a systematical physical model for the emission, detection and acquisition of the ASE noise with added electronic noise is developed and verified, based on which the numerical simulations are performed under various setups and the simulation results all significantly fit well with the corresponding experimental data. Then, a randomness quantification method and the corresponding experimentally verifiable approach are proposed and validated, which quantifies the randomness purely resulted from the quantum process and improves the security analysis for the QRNG based on the detection of the ASE noise. The physical model and the randomness quantification method proposed in this paper are of significant feasibility and applicable for the QRNG system with randomness originating from the detection of the photon number with arbitrary distributions. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Random number generation

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Experimental Demonstration of High-Rate Discrete-Modulated Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution System

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Pan, Yan Wang, Heng Shao, Yun Pi, Yaodi Li, Yang Liu, Bin Huang, Wei Xu, Bingjie Science and Technology on Communication Security Laboratory Institute of Southwestern Communication Chengdu610041 China College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China

A high-rate continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system based on high-order discrete modulation is experimentally investigated. With the help of the novel system scheme, effective digital signal processing algorithms and advanced analytical security proof method, the transmission results of 5 km, 10 km, 25 km, and 50 km are achieved for the 1 GBaud optimized quantum signals. Correspondingly, the asymptotic secret key rate (SKR) is 288.421 Mbps, 159.395 Mbps, 50.004 Mbps and 7.579 Mbps for discrete Gaussian (DG) 64QAM, and 326.708 Mbps, 179.348 Mbps, 50.623 Mbps and 9.212 Mbps for DG 256QAM. Under the same parameters, the achieved SKRs of DG 256QAM is almost same to ideal Gaussian modulation. In this case, the demonstrated high-rate discrete modulated CV-QKD system has the application potential for high speed security communication under tens of kilometers. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Quadrature amplitude modulation

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