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IEEE Transactions on intelligent Vehicles 2023年第2期9卷 3220-3231页

作者： Xiao Wang Ke Tang Xingyuan Dai Jintao Xu Quancheng Du Rui Ai Yuxiao Wang Weihao Gu Engineering Research Center of Autonomous Unmanned System Technology Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei China Haomo Technology Company Ltd. Beijing China State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries Qingdao China School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

In public roads, autonomous vehicles (AVs) face the challenge of frequent interactions with human-driven vehicles (HDVs), which render uncertain driving behavior due to varying social characteristics among humans. To effectively assess the risks prevailing in the vicinity of AVs in social interactive traffic scenarios and achieve safe autonomous driving, this article proposes a social-suitable and safety-sensitive trajectory planning (S $^{\text{4}}$ TP) framework. Specifically, S $^{\text{4}}$ TP integrates the Social-Aware Trajectory Prediction (SATP) and Social-Aware Driving Risk Field (SADRF) modules. SATP utilizes Transformers to effectively encode the driving scene and incorporates an AV's planned trajectory during the prediction decoding process. SADRF assesses the expected surrounding risk degrees during AVs-HDVs interactions, each with different social characteristics, visualized as two-dimensional heat maps centered on the AV. SADRF models the driving intentions of the surrounding HDVs and predicts trajectories based on the representation of vehicular interactions. S $^{\text{4}}$ TP employs an optimization-based approach for motion planning, utilizing the predicted HDVs' trajectories as input. With the integration of SADRF, S $^{\text{4}}$ TP executes real-time online optimization of the planned trajectory of AV within low-risk regions, thus improving the safety and the interpretability of the planned trajectory. We have conducted comprehensive tests of the proposed method using the SMARTS simulator. Experimental results in complex social scenarios, such as unprotected left-turn intersections, merging, cruising, and overtaking, validate the superiority of our proposed S $^{\text{4}}$ TP in terms of safety and rationality. S $^{\text{4}}$ TP achieves a pass rate of 100% across all scenarios, surpassing the current state-of-the-art methods Fanta of 98.25% and Predictive-Decision of 94.75%.

关键词： Trajectory Safety Vehicles Trajectory planning Autonomous vehicles Risk management Behavioral sciences

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An initial alignment approach for improving the accuracy of azimuth setting

An initial alignment approach for improving the accuracy of ...

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2019 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned systems, ICUS 2019

作者： Guan, Xujun Wang, Xing Guo, Jianzhong Fu, Wenxing Meng, Lingbao Beijing Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute Science and Technology on Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperation Laboratory Beijing China China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728137926

Considering the azimuth discrepancy between the main and sub-inertial navigation systems (INS) for a platform-carried unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV) in case of tilted launching at a large pitch angle, an initial alignment method for improving the accuracy of the azimuth setting is proposed. First, an algorithm for computing the azimuth discrepancy is derived. Then, a mathematical model for initial alignment is established based on azimuth setting. The simulation results show that correcting the azimuth discrepancy between the main and sub-INS can greatly improve the accuracy of azimuth setting, and therefore the initial alignment accuracy of the sub-INS. Meanwhile, the drift for the gyros in three directions can be effectively estimated. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Inertial navigation systems

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Evaluation method of UAV cluster simulation models with different granularity based on sensitivity analysis

Evaluation method of UAV cluster simulation models with diff...

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2019 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned systems, ICUS 2019

作者： Zhang, Qing Li, Jing Shen, Chao Science and Technology on Omplex-System Control and Intelligent-Agent Cooperation Laboratory Beijing China Beijing Electromechanical-Engineering Institute Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728137926

Simulation test evaluation of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) cluster operational effectiveness requires the support of simulation models with different granularity levels such as precise, medium, and coarse levels. In order to ensure the confidence of the evaluation, difficulties in evaluating the effectiveness of different granularity simulation models of the UAV cluster need to be solved. Aiming at the problem that the existing evaluation methods are not fully applicable due to the constraints of a large number of actual flight data, this paper proposes the evaluation method of different granularity simulation models, completes the rationality analysis of the granularity partitioning of UAV cluster at three levels: precise, medium and coarse, and the rationality analysis of the support relationship between different granularity models. Based on the special input method, capability meta-models of the UAV cluster with different granularity are evaluated. The evaluation method of different granularity simulation models of the UAV cluster based on sensitivity analysis is proposed. The sensitivity factor extraction and simulation analysis of precise granularity in the motion layer, medium granularity in the perception layer, and coarse granularity in the decision layer are completed. The validity evaluation of the different granularity simulation models has laid a solid foundation for the simulation test evaluation of the UAV cluster operational effectiveness. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Optimal Terrain Following Trajectory Regeneration Using Linear Gauss Pseudo-Spectral Method

Optimal Terrain Following Trajectory Regeneration Using Line...

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2019 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned systems, ICUS 2019

作者： Feng, Yijun Chen, Wanchun Yang, Liang Wei, Donghui Beihang University School of Astronautics Beijing China Beijing Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute Science and Technology on Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperation Laboratory Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728137926

A numerical method for two-dimensional terrain following optimal trajectory regeneration is proposed in this paper, which corrects the planned optimal trajectory to avoid collision with previously unknown obstacles. The neighboring extremal problem is established near the optimal terrain following trajectory, which can be regarded as a two-point boundary-value problem (TPBVP) and solved using Linear Gauss Pseudo-Spectral (LGP) method. Compared with the classical backward sweep method for solving TPBVPs, LGP method is much faster in obtaining approximate results. Numerical simulations are provided to validate the effectiveness and demonstrate the features of the problem. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Numerical methods

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Spirometer and sEMG respiratory patterns for clinical decision support system

Spirometer and sEMG respiratory patterns for clinical decisi...

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IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement technology Conference

作者： Amit Krishan Kumar Mansour H. Assaf Voicu Z. Groza Emil M. Petriu Faculty of Electrical-Electronic Engineering Duy Tan University Da Nang Vietnam Key Laboratory of Complex System Intelligent Control and Decision School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China School of Information Technology Engineering Mathematics and Physics The University of the South Pacific Suva Republic of Fiji School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada

To improve support system for subjects with respiratory ailments, this work analyses the respiratory patterns from spirometer and surface electromyography (sEMG). The patterns are integrated with risk and biochemical systems model to optimise the clinical decision support system (CDSS). The work considers terminal events for the spirometer and sEMG. The events and their associated patterns are correlated and projected on a hyperspace prior implementing it in decision support system. The proposed method shows that the different characteristics of breathing indicate some essential hidden information which when used as 4D scattered projection, optimises the decision making in CDSS. The analysis shows the effectiveness of bimodal respiratory patterns for different breathing capacities, which is promising for the modelled conditions.

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Monocular visual based obstacle distance estimation method for ultra-low altitude flight

Monocular visual based obstacle distance estimation method f...

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2019 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned systems, ICUS 2019

作者： Cheng, Jin Wei, Donghui Chen, Wanchun Gao, Wang Beijing Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute Science and Technology on Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperation Laboratory Beijing China Beihang University School of Astronautics Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728137926

This paper focuses on the problem of ultra-low-altitude flight obstacle distance estimation for monocular vision-assisted aircraft. First, the basic error model of distance estimation using sequence images is derived and the phenomenon of "epipole dead zone" is revealed. Then the distance estimation algorithm based on pairs of coplanar points is proposed as well as its error model. This algorithm is proved to be a solution of the "epipole dead zone" problem theoretically. Finally, numerical simulations show that the proposed distance estimation algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of distance estimation in the "epipole dead zone". © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Vision

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Point Cloud Preprocessing on 3D LiDAR data for Unmanned Surface Vehicle in Marine Environment

Point Cloud Preprocessing on 3D LiDAR data for Unmanned Surf...

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Information technology,Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (ICIBA), International Conference on IEEE International Conference on

作者： Xianzhi Qi Wenxing Fu Pei An Bingli Wu Jie Ma National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Multispectral Information Processing School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Science and Technology on Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperation Laboratory Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9781728152240

ISBN: (纸本)9781728152257

Point cloud preprocessing is still a challenging task in the marine environment, for it is difficult to filter out non-obstacle points while avoiding damage to the obstacle completeness. In this paper, we propose a novel data preprocessing method on 3D LiDAR data for the unmanned surface vehicle in the marine environment. It consists of two tasks: outlier removal and wake filtering. As the spatial resolution of LiDAR changes with distance, we exploit distance normalization on statistical outlier filter for robust outlier removal. Considering the gradient difference between wave wake and obstacle surface near the water, we define and calculate the vertical state of point cloud on the range image to obtain the pre-filtering point set, and then use the RANSAC method to filter out the wake points. Experiments on real data has demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm both in terms of feasibility and accuracy.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Laser radar Filtering Filtering algorithms Spatial resolution Task analysis Measurement by laser beam

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Model-free Based Reinforcement Learning control Strategy of Aircraft Attitude systems

Model-free Based Reinforcement Learning Control Strategy of ...

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Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Dingcui Huang Jiangping Hu Zhinan Peng Bo Chen Mingrui Hao Bijoy Kumar Ghosh School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Science and Technology on Complex System Control and Intelligent Agent Cooperation Laboratory Beijing China Texas Tech University Lubbock USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728176871

ISBN: (纸本)9781728176888

Traditional aircraft control algorithms have a strong dependence on system models, and are difficult to cope with the increasingly complex battlefield environment for intelligent aircrafts. In this paper, a model-free reinforcement learning is proposed to solve an attitude stabilization problem of an aircraft based online intelligent control strategy. The attitude control problem is firstly formulated as an optimal control problem, and then an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) technology is applied to compute the corresponding nonlinear Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation. Then, an actor-critic neural network structure is established to learn the optimal controller online not requiring the information of the aircraft dynamics. The proposed intelligent control strategy enables the aircraft to adjust its attitude according to the actual mission targets and environments under the proposed online control strategy, so that autonomous learning and intelligent operation can be realized. Finally, simulation examples are presented to validate the proposed model-free based control strategy.

关键词： Atmospheric modeling Aircraft Adaptation models Mathematical model Aerodynamics Attitude control Vehicle dynamics

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A strategy of multi-UAV cooperative path planning based on CCPSO

A strategy of multi-UAV cooperative path planning based on C...

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2019 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned systems, ICUS 2019

作者： Liu, Yuanna Lu, Hao Northwestern Polytechnical University Dept. School of Electronics and Information Xi'an China Intelligent Agent Cooperation Laboratory Dept. Science and Technology on Complex System Control Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728137926

Multi-UAV cooperative formation flying has significant advantages in broadening the scope of UAV operations and improving combat effectiveness. How to realize the cooperative path planning of multi-UAV is an open issue. In order to solve the search performance degradation as dimension increases, a strategy of multi-UAV cooperative path planning based on Cooperative Coevolution Particle Swarm Optimization (CCPSO) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the initial Dubins path is generated for each UAV in the formation, of which the longest one is selected as the reference path. Intermediate waypoints are designed to modify the initial paths to avoid collisions with obstacles. Then, CCPSO algorithm is applied to optimize path parameters and adjust the path length to be equal to the reference path to ensure time coordination. Collision avoidance between UAVs is achieved in the collaborative evaluation phase. Finally, an formation rendezvous example and comparison with CCGA are given to explain the validity and excellent search ability of the proposed method. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Experimental verification of an integrated radar communication system

Experimental verification of an integrated radar communicati...

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IET International Radar Conference 2018, IRC 2018

作者： Li, Zengliang Liu, Jie Yin, Ning Wang, Youcheng Beijing Institute of Electro-Mechanical Engineering Beijing100074 China Science and Technology on Complex System Control Intelligent Agent Cooperation Laboratory Beijing100074 China

With the development of modern weapon techniques, radio frequency integrated technology has attracted widespread attention as a key technology to improve the informationalised level of missiles. Radar and communication are two typical electronic types of equipment, and their integration can support and promote the development of radio frequency integrated technology. In this study, experimental verification of an integrated radar-communication system is carried out. Firstly, the key technologies to achieve radar-communication integration are theoretically analysed. The solutions of the key issues, including signal separation, time synchronisation and frequency synchronisation, are proposed. Furthermore, a radar-communication demo is implemented and the experimental verification is carried out here to verify the feasibility of the proposed methods. © This is an open access article published by the IET under the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://***/licenses/by/3.0/)

关键词： Radar

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