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Accelerating Environmental Research to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals

ENVIRONMENTAL science & technology LETTERS 2023年第11期10卷 961-962页

作者： Mihelcic, James R. Barra, Ricardo O. Brooks, Bryan W. Diamond, Miriam L. Eckelman, Matthew J. Gibson, Jacqueline MacDonald Guidotti, Sunny Ikeda-Araki, Atsuko Kumar, Manish Maiga, Ynoussa McConville, Jennifer Miller, Shelly L. Pizarro, Valeria Rosario-Ortiz, Fernando Wang, Shuxiao Zimmerman, Julie B. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of South Florida 4202 E Fowler Ave ENG 030 Tampa Florida 33620 United States Faculty of Environmental Sciences and EULA Chile Centre University of Concepcion Barrio Universitario s/n Concepción 4070386 Chile Department of Environmental Science Baylor University One Bear Place #97266 Waco Texas 76798-7266 United States Department of Earth Sciences and School of the Environment University of Toronto Toronto M5S 1A1 ON Canada College of Engineering Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts 02115 United States Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering North Carolina State University Fitts-Woolard Hall Room 3253 915 Partners Way Raleigh North Carolina 27695-7908 United States UNICEF Latin America and Caribbean Regional Office Building 102 Alberto Tejada Street City of Knowledge 0843 Republic of Panama Faculty of Health Sciences Hokkaido University Kita 12 Nishi 5 Kitaku Sapporo 060-0812 Japan Sustainability Cluster School of Engineering University of Petroleum & Energy Studies Dehradun Uttarakhand 248007 India Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias Tecnologico de Monterrey Campus Monterey Monterrey 64849 Nuevo León Mexico Laboratory of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology UFR SVT University Joseph KI-ZERBO 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Energy and Technology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7032 Uppsala SE-750 07 Sweden Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder 427 UCB Boulder Colorado 80309-0427 United States Perry Institute for Marine Science Windsor School (Albany Campus) Frank Watson Boulevard Adelaide The Bahamas Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering Environmental Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084

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Anisotropic and Isotropic Implicit Obstacle Problems with Nonlocal Terms and Multivalued Boundary Conditions

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zeng, Shengda Gasinski, Leszek Radulescu, Vicentiu D. Winkert, Patrick Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Complex System Optimization and Big Data Processing Yulin Normal University Guangxi Yulin537000 China Jagiellonian University in Krakow Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science ul. Lojasiewicza 6 Krakow30-348 Poland Department of Mathematics Pedagogical University of Cracow Podchorazych 2 Cracow30-084 Poland Faculty of Applied Mathematics AGH University of Science and Technology Kraków30-059 Poland Department of Mathematics University of Craiova Craiova200585 Romania China-Romania Research Center in Applied Mathematics Romania Technische Universität Berlin Institut für Mathematik Straße des 17. Juni 136 Berlin10623 Germany

In this paper we study an anisotropic implicit obstacle problem driven by the $(p(\cdot),q(\cdot))$-Laplacian and an isotropic implicit obstacle problem involving a nonlinear convection term (a reaction term depending on the gradient) which contain several interesting and challenging untreated problems. These two implicit obstacle problems have both highly nonlinear and nonlocal functions and three multivalued terms where two of them are appearing on the boundary and the other one is formulated in the domain. Under very general assumptions on the data, we develop general frameworks to examine the nonemptiness and compactness of the set of weak solutions to the problems under consideration. The proofs of our main results use the theory of nonsmooth analysis, Tychonoff's fixed point theorem for multivalued operators, the theory of pseudomonotone operators and variational approach. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anisotropy

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Coarse particulate matter air quality in East Asia: implications for fine particulate nitrate

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhai, Shixian Jacob, Daniel J. Shah, Viral Yang, Laura Hyesung Zhang, Qiang Sun, Yele Wang, Shuxiao Luo, Gan Yu, Fangqun Woo, Jung-Hun Kim, Younha Kim, Hwajin Dibb, Jack E. Lee, Taehyoung Han, Jin-Seok Li, Ke Liao, Hong John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100029 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Atmospheric Sciences Research Center University at Albany AlbanyNY12226 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Konkuk University Seoul05029 Korea Republic of Laxenburg 2361 Austria Department of Environmental Health Sciences Graduate School of Public Health Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Institute for the Study of Earth Oceans and Space University of New Hampshire DurhamNH03824 United States Department of Environmental Science Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Yongin449791 Korea Republic of Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering Anyang University Anyang14028 Korea Republic of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China

Air quality network data in China and South Korea show very high year-round mass concentrations of coarse particulate matter (PM) between 2.5 μm and 10 μm aerodynamic diameter, as inferred by the difference between PM10 and PM2.5 observations. This coarse PM averages 47 μg m-3 in the North China Plain (NCP) region in 2015-2019 and 21 μg m-3 in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA). It is dominantly contributed by urban fugitive dust, rather than by natural dust as is often presumed. Concentrations decreased by 21% from 2015 to 2019 and further dropped abruptly in 2020 due to COVID-19 reductions in construction and vehicle traffic. This anthropogenic coarse PM is generally not included in air quality models but acts as a sink of nitric acid (HNO3), thus affecting fine particulate nitrate which is a major air quality concern in China and South Korea. GEOS-Chem model simulation of surface and aircraft observations from the KORUS-AQ campaign over the SMA in May-June 2016 shows that consideration of anthropogenic coarse PM largely resolves the previous model overestimate of PM1 nitrate. Anthropogenic coarse PM in the model increases the sensitivity of PM2.5 nitrate to ammonia (NH3) emission in winter. In summer, anthropogenic coarse PM directly affects PM2.5 nitrate by HNO3 uptake, and we find that the decrease of anthropogenic coarse PM over 2015-2019 offset the PM2.5 nitrate reductions expected from decreasing NOx and NH3 emissions. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nitrates

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Bacteria Flagella-Mimicking Polymer Multilayer Magnetic Microrobots

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wu, Zhiguang Lu, Liang Bai, Shuang Shi, Jiaqi Zhang, Zhuotao Pan, Yunlu Wang, Wei Wu, Wenfeng Sun, Shoubin Li, Xu Hou, Gang Huang, Tianyun Jia, Yuxin Zuo, Kaiwen Granovsky, Alexander Wu, He Nikolai, Perov School of Medicine and Health Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China National Center for Respiratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Institute of Respiratory Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center of Respiratory Medicine China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China College of Science Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China Department of Ophthalmology The Second Hospital Jilin University Changchun China Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics College of Engineering State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing China Department of Mathematics Imperial College London United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom Magnetism Department Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia Harbin Medical University China

Learning from natural bacteria flagellum, we demonstrate a magnetic polymer multilayer conical microrobot that bestow the controllable propulsion upon external rotating magnetic field with uniform intensity. The magnetic microrobots were constructed by template-assisted Layer-by-Layer technique technique and subsequent functionalization of magnetic particle onto the big opening of the microrobots. Geometric variables of the polymer microrobots, such as the diameter and wall thickness, can be controlled by selection of porous template and layers of assembly. The microrobots perform controllable propulsion through the manipulation of magnetic field. The comparative analysis of the movement behavior reveals that the deformation of microrobots may attributed to the propulsion upon rotating magnetic field, which is similar as that of natural bacteria. The influence of actuation frequencies and frequencies on the velocity of the microrobots is studied. Such use of polymer polymer multilayer tubular micro/nanoarchitectures results in significant savings in the processing costs and provides a simple and cost-effective fabrication route for the mass production of magnetic polymer microrobots. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bacteria

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Vibrational and structural properties of P2O5 glass: Advances from a combined modeling approach

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Physical Review B 2019年第13期100卷 134309-134309页

作者： N. S. Shcheblanov L. Giacomazzi M. E. Povarnitsyn S. Kohara L. Martin-Samos G. Mountjoy R. J. Newport R. C. Haworth N. Richard N. Ollier Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés CEA-CNRS École polytechnique F-91128 Palaiseau France Materials Research Laboratory University of Nova Gorica Vipavska 11c SI-5270 Ajdovščina Slovenia CNR-IOM/Democritos National Simulation Center Istituto Officina dei Materiali c/o SISSA via Bonomea 265 I-34136 Trieste Italy Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS 13 Building 2 Izhorskaya Street Moscow 125412 Russia Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization National Institute for Materials Science Hyogo 679-5148 Japan Center for Materials Research by Information Integration Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System NIMS Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency Tokyo 102-0076 Japan School of Physical Sciences University of Kent Canterbury CT2 7NH United Kingdom CEA DAM DIF Bruyères-le-Châtel F-91297 Arpajon Cedex France

We present experimental measurements and ab initio simulations of the crystalline and amorphous phases of P2O5. The calculated Raman, infrared, and vibrational density of states (VDOS) spectra are in excellent agreement with experimental measurements and contain the signatures of all the peculiar local structures of the amorphous phase, namely, bridging and nonbridging (double-bonded or terminal) oxygens and tetrahedral PO4 units associated with Q2, Q3, and Q4 species (Qn denotes the various types of PO4 tetrahedra, with n being the number of bridging oxygen atoms that connect the tetrahedra to the rest of the network). In order to reveal the internal structure of the vibrational spectrum, the characteristics of vibrational modes in different frequency ranges are investigated using a mode-projection approach at different symmetries based on the Td symmetry group. In particular, the VDOS spectrum in the range from ∼600 to 870 cm−1 is dominated by bending (F2b) motions related to bridging oxygen and phosphorus (∼800 cm−1 band) atoms, while the high-frequency doublet zone (∼870–1250 cm−1) is associated mostly with the asymmetric (F2s) and symmetric (A1) stretching modes, and most prominent peak around 1400 cm−1 (exp. 1380 cm−1) is mainly due to asymmetric stretching vibrations supported by double-bonded oxygen atoms. The lower-frequency range below 600 cm−1 is shown to arise from a mixture of bending (E and F2b) and rotation (F1) modes. The scissors bending (E) and rotation (F1) modes are well localized below 600 cm−1, whereas the F2b bending modes spread further into the range ∼600–870 cm−1. The projections of the eigenmodes onto Q2, Q3, and Q4 species yield well-defined contributions at frequencies in striking correspondence with the positions of the Raman and infrared bands.

关键词： Lattice dynamics Amorphous materials Ab initio calculations Monte Carlo methods Raman spectroscopy

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Correction to: Bifurcations, chaotic behavior, sensitivity analysis and new optical solitons solutions of Sasa-Satsuma equation

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Nonlinear Dynamics 2024年第17期112卷 15521-15521页

作者： Li, Peiluan Shi, Sairu Xu, Changjin Rahman, Mati ur School of Mathematics and Statistics Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang People’s Republic of China Longmen Laboratory Luoyang People’s Republic of China Guizhou Key Laboratory of Economics System Simulation Guizhou University of Finance and Economics Guiyang People’s Republic of China School of Mathematical Sciences Jiangsu University Zhenjiang People’s Republic of China Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American University Beirut Lebanon

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Lithium Metal Anodes: A Triple-Gradient Host for Long Cycling Lithium Metal Anodes at Ultrahigh Current Density (Small 30/2020)

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Small 2020年第30期16卷

作者： TrungHieu Le Qinghua Liang Ming Chen Ciqing Yang Zhihao Yu Jie Cheng Feiyu Kang Ying Yang State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipments Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia Zhejiang Yuyuan Energy Storage Technology Co. Ltd. Huzhou 313100 China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Department of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

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TransMut: a program to predict HLA-I peptide binding and optimize mutated peptides for vaccine design by the Transformer-derived self-attention model

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Chu, Yanyi Zhang, Yan Wang, Qiankun Zhang, Lingfeng Wang, Xuhong Wang, Yanjing Wang, Jianmin Jiang, Xue Salahub, Dennis Russell Xiong, Yi Wei, Dong-Qing State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism Shanghai-Islamabad-Belgrade Joint Innovation Center on Antibacterial Resistances Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200030 China Department of Chemistry CMS - Centre for Molecular Simulation IQST - Institute for Quantum Science and Technology University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa 75 Laurier Ave. OttawaONK1N 6N5 Canada The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of System control and information processing Department of Automation School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200030 China Integrative Biotechnology & Translational Medicine Yonsei University Incheon21983 Korea Republic of Peng Cheng Laboratory Vanke Cloud City Phase I Building 8 Xili Street Nanshan District Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China

Computational prediction of the interaction between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and peptide (pHLA) can speed up epitope screening and vaccine design. Here, we develop the TransMut framework composed of TransPHLA for pHLA binding prediction and AOMP for mutated peptide optimization, which can be generalized to any binding and mutation task of biomolecules. Firstly, TransPHLA is developed by using a Transformer-derived self-attention model to predict pHLA binding, which is significantly superior to 11 previous methods on pHLA binding prediction, neoantigen and human papilloma virus vaccine identification. For vaccine design, the AOMP program is then developed to automatically optimize mutated peptides to search for mutant peptides with higher affinity to the target HLA and with high homology to the source peptide. Among 3660 non-binding pHLAs, 3630 were successfully mutated. Of these, 94% were verified by the IEDB recommended method, and 88% have homology higher than 80% to the source peptide. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Peptides

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Corrigendum to 'Transition in air pollution, disease burden and health cost in China: A comparative study of long-term and short-term exposure' [Environmental Pollution 277 (2021) Start page 4-End page 4/116770]

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Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) 2023年 329卷 121714页

作者： Jun Liu Hao Yin Xiao Tang Tong Zhu Qiang Zhang Zhu Liu XiaoLong Tang HongHong Yi Department of Environmental Engineering School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 PR China Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 PR China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 PR China. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 PR China School of Population and Public Health The University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Energy and Resources Group University of California Berkeley CA USA. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 PR China. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 PR China. Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 PR China. Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 PR China. Electronic address: yihonghong@***.

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Climatic and Biotic Controls of Evapotranspiration Across Grassland Ecosystems on Tibetan Plateau

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Peng, Siyuan Yang, Yue Luo, Dengnan Zeng, Xiang Liang, Minqi Tao, Long Zhang, Guangru Li, Pan Liao, Weijie Guo, Qun Cao, Ruochen Li, Yuzhe Zhang, Weirong Hu, Zhongmin School of Geography South China Normal University Shipai Campus Guangzhou510631 China Hainan Baoting Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station School of Ecology Hainan University Haikou570228 China Facility of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Zhuhai Branch State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Data Center of Terrestrial and Marine Ecosystems Carbon Cycle Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Zhuhai510245 China Key Lab of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China International Institute for Earth System Sciences Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing University Jiangsu 210023 China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications Ministry of Natural Resources School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing University Jiangsu 210023 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Comprehending the spatial variations of evapotranspiration (ET) and its components on Tibetan Plateau (TP) is crucial for grasping the dynamics of the regional water cycle and energy balance. However, the influence of various environmental factors on ET and its components remains unclear. This study addresses this gap by utilizing observational data from 14 sites and employing the Shuttleworth-Wallace-Hu (SWH) model to examine the spatial relationships between ET, its components, and influencing factors. The SWH model parameters were optimized using the Monte Carlo method, achieving a satisfactory simulation performance with an average R2 value of 0.75. Our analysis indicates that in alpine meadow, the ratio of transpiration to ET is generally higher (0.55) compared to alpine steppe (0.39). In terms of spatial distribution, both precipitation and leaf area index significantly impact ET and transpiration. Precipitation emerges as the primary driver of interannual spatial variations in ET, while leaf area index plays a pivotal role in regulating proportion of transpiration. Furthermore, our results reveal a transition from water-dominated to energy-dominated in TP grassland ecosystem at an aridity index of 0.73. This finding is significant as it challenges the common application of an aridity index of 0.65 to distinguish arid from humid regions. It suggests that TP grassland, within the 0.65-0.73 range, remain primarily water-driven. These findings enhance our comprehension of the intricate interactions within the water cycle. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Evapotranspiration

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