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arXiv 2023年

作者： Frank, Morgan R. Ahn, Yong-Yeol Moro, Esteban Department of Informatics and Networked Systems University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15216 United States Digital Economy Lab Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Media Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Connection Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Center for Complex Networks and Systems Research Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States Indiana University Network Science Institute Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States Department of Mathematics & GISC Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Leganes28911 Spain Institute for Data Systems and Society Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States

Is artificial intelligence (AI) disrupting jobs and creating unemployment? Despite many attempts to quantify occupations' exposure to AI, inconsistent validation obfuscates the relative benefits of each approach. A lack of disaggregated labor outcome data, including unemployment data, further exacerbates the issue. Here, we assess which models of AI exposure predict job separations and unemployment risk using new occupation-level unemployment data by occupation from each US state's unemployment insurance office spanning 2010 through 2020. Although these AI exposure scores have been used by governments and industry, we find that individual AI exposure models are not predictive of unemployment rates, unemployment risk, or job separation rates. However, an ensemble of those models exhibits substantial predictive power suggesting that competing models may capture different aspects of AI exposure that collectively account for AI's variable impact across occupations, regions, and time. Our results also call for dynamic, context-aware, and validated methods for assessing AI exposure. Interactive visualizations for this study are available at https://***/~mrfrank/uiRiskDemo/. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Visualization

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Existence of Hydroxymethanesulfonate (Hms) During Spring Haze and Sandstorm Events in Beijing: Implications for a Heterogeneous Formation Pathway on Mineral Aerosols

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Xu, Yunzhi Ma, Tao Duan, Fengkui Wang, Shuxiao Jiang, Jingkun Cheng, Yafang Su, Hang An, Taicheng Ma, Yongliang Kimoto, Takashi Huang, Tao He, Kebin State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Minerva Research Group Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz55128 Germany Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100029 China Kimoto Electric Co. Ltd. 3-1 Funahashi-Cho Tennouji-Ku Osaka543-0024 Japan

Hydroxymethylsulfonate (HMS) is an abundant secondary organic aerosol from aqueous/heterogeneous processes and may be misidentified as sulfate in conventional measurements. High concentrations of HMS have been observed in humid winter and autumn haze in northern China, while its prevalence in other seasons is unclear and the production medium is controversial. In this study, our field measurements in Beijing during the 2021 spring first showed the presence of HMS in PM2.5 during both haze and sandstorm events despite the different atmospheric conditions. HMS accounted for 0.44% of PM2.5 during haze periods, higher than the proportion (0.097%) during sandstorms. The sum of HMS and sulfate was also higher during the haze (6.5 μg m−3) than during the sandstorm (2.6 μg m−3), while the HMS/sulfate molar ratio during the haze (0.021) was similar to the value during the sandstorm (0.019). HMS concentration showed a good positive correlation with aerosol water content (AWC), indicating heterogeneous production. During haze periods, relatively high AWC favored the formation of HMS. In contrast, relative humidity and AWC decreased significantly during sandstorm events, while high pH favored HMS formation. In addition, higher concentrations and proportions of HMS were observed in PM2.5−10 than in PM2.5. The presence of HMS in dust particles indicated a heterogeneous formation mechanism of HMS on mineral aerosols. Our findings broaden the prevalence of HMS in aerosols and indicate a new HMS formation mechanism from the perspective of observation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aerosols

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Approximate optimal control of nonlinear systems with mismatched perturbations based on asymptotically stable critic neural network 2020

Approximate optimal control of nonlinear systems with mismat...

引用

6th International Conference on Computing and Data Engineering, ICCDE 2020 and 2020 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Electronics Engineering, AIEE 2020

作者： Zhao, Bo Hou, Jiaxu Guo, Ping Liu, Derong Xu, Yancai School of Systems Science Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450376730

In this paper, the approximate optimal control problem for nonlinear systems with mismatched perturbations is addressed through asymptotically stable critic neural network (NN). By employing the estimated perturbation via nonlinear perturbation observer, the online updated value function is constructed to reflect the real-time perturbations, regulation and control simultaneously. In order to solve the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation, an asymptotically stable critic NN is established based on the novel nested update laws. Thus, the approximate optimal control is obtained to guarantee the closed-loop system to be uniformly ultimately bounded based on the Lyapunov's direct method. simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the developed control scheme. © 2020 ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Automatically Discovering Novel Visual Categories with Self-supervised Prototype Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhang, Lu Qi, Lu Yang, Xu Qiao, Hong Yang, Ming-Hsuan Liu, Zhiyong State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences China The School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China University of California Merced United States

This paper tackles the problem of novel category discovery (NCD), which aims to discriminate unknown categories in large-scale image collections. The NCD task is challenging due to the closeness to the real world scenarios, where we have only encountered some partial classes and images. Unlike other works on the NCD, we leverage the prototypes to emphasize the importance of category discrimination and alleviate the issue with missing annotations of novel classes. Concretely, we propose a novel adaptive prototype learning method consisting of two main stages: prototypical representation learning and prototypical self-training. In the first stage, we obtain a robust feature extractor, which could serve for all images with base and novel categories. This ability of instance and category discrimination of the feature extractor is boosted by self-supervised learning and adaptive prototypes. In the second stage, we utilize the prototypes again to rectify offline pseudo labels and train a final parametric classifier for category clustering. We conduct extensive experiments on four benchmark datasets, and demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method with the state-of-the-art performance. The source code and trained models will be made available at this github site. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image recognition

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Breaking the Strength-Ductility Trade-Off in an Additively Manufactured Titanium Alloy via Designing in-situ Lamellar Metastable Heterostructure

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Kekang Lu, Tiwen Hu, Yixiong Chen, Hongyu Wang, Yonggang Wang, Di Zhang, Mina Liu, Yang Kosiba, Konrad Faculty of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics Ningbo University Ningbo315211 China Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering Ministry of Education Ningbo University Ningbo315211 China Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety Ministry of Education School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou510640 China Research Centre for Laser Extreme Manufacturing Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo315201 China Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden Institute for Complex Materials Helmholtzstr. 20 Dresden01069 Germany

The strength-ductility synergy in heterogeneous materials offers significant advantages, though their scalable and controlled production remains challenging. This study introduces a strategy for in-situ fabrication of a lamellar metastable titanium-based material via laser powder bed fusion of a powder blend consisting of Ti6Al4V (TC4) and 3 wt.% Fe powders. By periodic variation of the scanning velocity between layers, a heterogeneous lamellar titanium (HLT) microstructure is fabricated and it contains layers characterized by enhanced strength and ductility stemming from the peculiar Fe distribution and associated cooling rate variation. Consequently, the HLT achieves high tensile yield strength (1036 MPa) and ultimate strength (1347 MPa) without compromising uniform elongation (UE), surpassing most TC4 material and other titanium-based alloys. This high strength can be attributed to precipitation strengthening originating from the uniformly distributed nano-sized α and ω precipitates, while the high UE and work hardening arise from the accelerated stress-induced martensite (SIM) behavior and strong hetero-deformation induced (HDI) stress. The Fe addition reduces the Gibbs free energy of the resulting alloy, making high-velocity scanning layers more sensitive to the SIM behavior. A strain gradient between soft and hard layers evolves during loading and it further enhances the HDI strengthening and SIM behavior. Overall, the present HLT material demonstrates an outstanding combination of strength and ductility, providing insights for the fabrication of heterogeneous metastable materials. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium alloys

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The Emerging Intelligent Vehicles and Intelligent Vehicle Carriers Collaborative systems

The Emerging Intelligent Vehicles and Intelligent Vehicle Ca...

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IEEE Symposium on Intelligent Vehicle

作者： Zhipeng Shen Chao Huang Hailong Huang Yutong Wang Fei-Yue Wang Abbas Jamalipour Duc Truong Pham Ljubo Vlacic Andrey V. Savkin Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Macau China School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney Sydney Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Birmingham Birmingham UK Institute of Intelligent & Integrated Systems and the School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith University Brisbane Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales Sydney Australia

ISBN: (数字)9798350348811

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348828

In this paper, we propose the innovative use of Intelligent Vehicle Carriers (IVCs) as a key solution to address the energy constraints of small-scale unmanned Intelligent Vehicles (IVs). IVCs function as both transporters and charging stations, significantly boosting the operational range and efficiency of IVs. Our research delves into the IV-IVC collaborative framework, highlighting the existing challenges, exploring potential solutions, and examining a range of applications. This study offers a visionary approach to revolutionizing intelligent transportation systems by leveraging the synergistic relationship between IVs and IVCs.

关键词： Intelligent vehicles Collaboration Charging stations Boosting

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Parallel Governance for Decentralized Autonomous Organizations enabled by Blockchain and Smart Contracts

Parallel Governance for Decentralized Autonomous Organizatio...

引用

Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence (DTPI), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Wen Wen Ding XiaoLong Liang JiaChen Hou Ge Wang Yong Yuan Junqing Li Fei-Yue Wang Institute of Systems Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Macau China School of Mathematics Renmin University of China Beijing China College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Decentralized autonomous organizations(DAOs) enabled by blockchain and smart contracts is regarded as an effective tool to solve corporate governance problems. It can minimize the contract risks, principal-agent dilemmas, and other issues in corporate governance. However, DAOs also face a variety of governance issues, such as internal governance issues and external governance issues caused by the technical attributes of blockchain and smart contracts. DAO is a typical complex system with the characteristics of both social and engineering complexity. It is difficult for existing governance theories to solve governance problems in DAOs. The parallel intelligence theory based on the artificial systems + computational experiments + parallel execution (ACP) method is a suitable research and practical approach to solve management and control problems for complex systems. Therefore, we propose a parallel governance framework for DAO based on the parallel intelligence theory and discuss its key research issues. Finally, we construct a parallel governance system for GnosisDAO, and conduct computational experiments on its voting mechanism. The results show the defects of GnosisDAO governance mechanism and we thus propose further research directions. We consider that parallel governance represents the future trend of DAO research and practice. This paper is aimed at stimulating further effort and providing helpful guidance and reference for future research works.

关键词： Computational modeling Digital twin Conferences Smart contracts Tools systems modeling Market research

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Singularity of Lévy walks in the lifted Pomeau-Manneville map

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Brevitt, Samuel Schulz, Alexander Pegler, Dominic Kantz, Holger Klages, Rainer Centre for Complex Systems School of Mathematical Sciences Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden Friedrich-List-Platz 1 Dresden01069 Germany Department of Economics HKUST Business School The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay KowloonW6 8RH Hong Kong Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Nöthnitzer Straße 38 Dresden01187 Germany London Mathematical Laboratory 8 Margravine Gardens LondonW6 8RH United Kingdom

Since groundbreaking works in the 1980s it is well-known that simple deterministic dynamical systems can display intermittent dynamics and weak chaos leading to anomalous diffusion. A paradigmatic example is the Pomeau-Manneville (PM) map which, suitably lifted onto the whole real line, was shown to generate superdiffusion that can be reproduced by stochastic Lévy walks (LWs). Here we report that this matching only holds for parameter values of the PM map that are of Lebesgue measure zero in its two-dimensional parameter space. This is due to a bifurcation scenario that the map exhibits under variation of one parameter. Constraining this parameter to specific singular values at which the map generates superdiffusion by varying the second one, as has been done in previous literature, we find quantitative deviations between deterministic diffusion and diffusion generated by stochastic LWs in a particular range of parameter values, which cannot be cured by simple LW modifcations. We also explore the effect of aging on superdiffusion in the PM map and show that this yields a profound change of the diffusive properties under variation of the aging time, which should be important for experiments. Our findings demonstrate that even in this simplest well-studied setting, a matching of deterministic and stochastic diffusive properties is non-trivial. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Dynamic Maintenance Document Management Based on BOM

Dynamic Maintenance Document Management Based on BOM

引用

International Conference on systems and Informatics (ICSAI)

作者： Chunliu Zhou Shan Ye Hongjun Wang Zhenhua Gao Key Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Management Control of Complex Systems of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan China School of Management Science and Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665426251

To realize the efficient management of high-speed train maintenance documents, a document management method based on the Bill of Material (BOM) was proposed. Since the maintenance documents were dynamically changed as the design updated, and the change process was complicated and time-consuming via handwork, the relationship between the Engineering BOM (EBOM) and the Documental BOM (DBOM) was established, which delivered the design change, updated the maintenance documents in real time, and provided the latest documents for on-site maintenance business. Technologies of fuzzy matching, version management and XML were used together to realized the dynamic management of maintenance documents, and an application was displayed with system interfaces to verify the DBOM method.

关键词： Solid modeling Bills of materials XML Data visualization Maintenance engineering Real-time systems Mobile handsets

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Probing Luttinger Liquid Properties in Multichannel Two-Site Charge Kondo Simulator

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Parafilo, Anton V. Kovalev, V.M. Savenko, I.G. Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science Expo-ro 55 Yuseong-gu Daejeon34126 Korea Republic of Novosibirsk State Technical University Novosibirsk630073 Russia Department of Physics Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology 241 Daxue Road Guangdong Shantou515063 China Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa32000 Israel Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology Guangdong515063 China

We study the influence of many-body interactions on the transport properties in a two-site charge Kondo circuit recently implemented in a hybrid metal-semiconductor double-quantum dot device [W. Pouse et al., Nat. Phys. 19, 492 (2023)]. There emerge two principal types of interactions: (i) an intrinsic one, described by the Luttinger liquid model, and (ii) an induced one, which appears due to the coupling of the system to an Ohmic environment. Case (i) could be achieved if the charge Kondo circuit operates in the fractional quantum Hall regime, while case (ii) can be implemented via a finite number of open ballistic channels coupled to both the quantum dots. We demonstrate that the conductance scaling for the case of strong and weak interdot coupling is fully determined by the effective interaction parameter, which is the combination of the fractional filling factor ν = 1/m and the number of transmitting channels. Furthermore, we predict that the fractional filling factor ν defines a universal Kondo scaling in the vicinity of a special triple quantum critical point featured by the emergence of a Z3 parafermion. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Semiconductor quantum dots

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