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arXiv 2017年

作者： Walker, Sara I. Bains, William Cronin, Leroy DasSarma, Shiladitya Danielache, Sebastian Domagal-Goldman, Shawn Kacar, Betul Kiang, Nancy Y. Lenardic, Adrian Reinhard, Christopher T. Moore, William Schwieterman, Edward W. Shkolnik, Evgenya L. Smith, Harrison B. School of Earth and Space Exploration Arizona State University TempeAZ United States Beyond Center for Fundamental Concepts in Science Arizona State University TempeAZ United States ASU-Santa Fe Institute Center for Biosocial Complex Systems Arizona State University TempeAZ United States Blue Marble Space Institute of Science SeattleWA United States MIT 77 Mass Ave CambridgeMA02139 United States School of Chemistry University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom Department of Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology University of Maryland School of Medicine BaltimoreMD United States Department of Materials and Life Science Faculty of Science and Technology Sophia University Tokyo Japan Earth Life Institute Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States NASA Astrobiology Institute Virtual Planetary Laboratory Team University of Washington SeattleWA United States Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University CambridgeMA United States NASA Astrobiology Institute Reliving the Past Team University of Montana MissoulaMT United States University of Arizona Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Astronomy Tucson AZ NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies New YorkNY United States Department of Earth Science Rice University HoustonTX United States School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA United States NASA Astrobiology Institute Alternative Earths Team University of California RiversideCA United States Department of Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Hampton University HamptonVA United States National Institute of Aerospace HamptonVA United States Department of Earth Sciences University of California RiversideCA United States NASA Postdoctoral Program Universities Space Research Association ColumbiaMD United States School of Earth and Space Exploration Arizona State University PO Box

Exoplanet science promises a continued rapid accumulation of new observations in the near future, energizing a drive to understand and interpret the forthcoming wealth of data to identify signs of life beyond our Solar System. The large statistics of exoplanet samples, combined with the ambiguity of our understanding of universal properties of life and its signatures, necessitate a quantitative framework for biosignature assessment Here, we introduce a Bayesian framework for guiding future directions in life detection, which permits the possibility of generalizing our search strategy beyond biosignatures of known life. The Bayesian methodology provides a language to define quantitatively the conditional probabilities and confidence levels of future life detection and, importantly, may constrain the prior probability of life with or without positive detection. We describe empirical and theoretical work necessary to place constraints on the relevant likelihoods, including those emerging from stellar and planetary context, the contingencies of evolutionary history and the universalities of physics and chemistry. We discuss how the Bayesian framework can guide our search strategies, including determining observational wavelengths or deciding between targeted searches or larger, lower resolution surveys. Our goal is to provide a quantitative framework not entrained to specific definitions of life or its signatures, which integrates the diverse disciplinary perspectives necessary to confidently detect alien life. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Extrasolar planets

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Publisher Correction: Polariton condensates for classical and quantum computing

Nature Reviews Physics

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Nature Reviews Physics 2022年 496页

作者： Alexey Kavokin Timothy C. H. Liew Christian Schneider Pavlos G. Lagoudakis Sebastian Klembt Sven Hoefling Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province School of Science Westlake University Hangzhou China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore Institute of Physics University of Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Moscow Russia Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton Southampton UK Technische Physik and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems University of Würzburg Würzburg Germany Würzburg–Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat University of Würzburg Würzburg Germany

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Publisher Correction: Ozone pollution mitigation strategy informed by long-term trends of atmospheric oxidation capacity

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Nature Geoscience 2024年 172页

作者： Wenjie Wang Xin Li Ying Liu Sihua Lu Yusheng Wu Shiyi Chen Keding Lu Min Hu Limin Zeng Min Shao Yuanhang Zhang Hang Su Yafang Cheng Ruijing Ni Ulrich Pöschl Zhaofeng Tan Franz Rohrer Andreas Wahner David D. Parrish Cheng Huang Xudong Tian K. M. Leung Liangfu Chen Meng Fan Qiang Zhang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz Germany International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control Ministry of Education Beijing China Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Peking University Beijing China Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan University Guangzhou China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Shanghai China Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung: Troposphäre (IEK-8) Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany Key Laboratory of Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Forewarning and Quality Control of Zhejiang Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Hangzhou China Environmental Protection Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science The Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China

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Strong and Fragile Topological Dirac Semimetals with Higher-Order Fermi Arcs

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Wieder, Benjamin J. Wang, Zhijun Cano, Jennifer Dai, Xi Schoop, Leslie M. Bradlyn, Barry Bernevig, B. Andrei Department of Physics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11974 United States Center for Computational Quantum Physics The Flatiron Institute New YorkNY10010 United States Physics Department Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Department of Chemistry Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Physics Institute for Condensed Matter Theory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801-3080 United States Donostia International Physics Center P. Manuel de Lardizabal 4 Donostia-San Sebastián20018 Spain Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems and Fachbereich Physik Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 Berlin14195 Germany Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics Halle06120 Germany

Dirac and Weyl semimetals both exhibit arc-like surface states. However, whereas the surface Fermi arcs in Weyl semimetals are topological consequences of the Weyl points themselves, the surface Fermi arcs in Dirac semimetals are not directly related to the bulk Dirac points, raising the question of whether there exists a topological bulk-boundary correspondence for Dirac semimetals. In this work, we discover that strong and fragile topological Dirac semimetals exhibit 1D higher-order hinge Fermi arcs (HOFAs) as universal, direct consequences of their bulk 3D Dirac points. To predict HOFAs coexisting with topological surface states in solid-state Dirac semimetals, we introduce and layer a spinful model of an s − d-hybridized quadrupole insulator (QI). We develop a rigorous nested Jackiw-Rebbi formulation of QIs and HOFA states. Employing ab initio calculations, we demonstrate HOFAs in both the room- (α) and intermediate-temperature (α′′) phases of Cd3As2, KMgBi, and rutile-structure (β′-) PtO2. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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Preface

Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

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Lecture Notes in Networks and systems 2023年 729 LNNS卷 v-vi页

作者： Vasant, Pandian Weber, Gerhard-Wilhelm Arefin, Mohammad Shamsul Rodriguez-Aguilar, Roman Panchenko, Vladimir Munapo, Elias Thomas, J. Joshua Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Modeling Evolutionary Algorithms Simulation and Artificial Intelligence Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Department of Computer Science Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chittagong Bangladesh Laboratory of Non-traditional Energy Systems Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM Russian University of Transport Moscow Russia Department of Computer Science UOW Malaysia KDU Penang University College George Town Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Management Poznań University of Technology Poznan Poland School of Economics and Decision Sciences North West University Mmabatho South Africa Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales School of Economic and Business Sciences Universidad Panamericana Mexico City Mexico

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Operational systems, logistics engineering and technology insertion

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 205-220页

作者： Grubb, MJ Skolnick, A Michael J. Grubb:has perfomzed naval engineering at the Crane Division Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) for more than twenty-five years. He currently the program manager for the Sustainable Hardware and Affordable Readiness Practice Program (SHARP). is a Navy-wide logistics research and development prgram aimed at the successful transiton of proved technologies inot the fleet. SHARP focuses on reducing acquisition performance capability reliability maintainability and readiness of these systems. Mr. Grubb has served as a department director for the past eleven years. His most recent assignment was as director of the Tactical Computer Resources and Test Equipment Department. This organization provided acquisition and in-service engineering support of the Navy's tectical embedded computers priphirals displays and mass memory storage devices. The organization also provided a complete range of product engineering and metrology engineerig services for SSP NevSeaSysCom and the Trident Program. Prior to this appointment Mr. Grubb was deptuy director psysical security programs department and site responsible for program management and system integration of ashore integrated security systems. Mr. Grubb holds a B.S. degree in industrial engineering from Iowa State Universtiy an M.S. degree in industrial engineering from Purdue University and has copleted the course work (Dec.'96 for a master's degree in public and environment affairs at Indiana University-Purdue Univeristy Indianapolis. Dr. Alfred Skolnick operates System Science Consultants (SSC) specilizing in strategic planning technical program definiton technology assessment and engineering analyses on selected matters of national interest. He has taught physics mathematics and management sciences at University of Virginia and Marymount University and is currently adjunct professor of mathematics at Northern Virginia Community College. Form 1985 to 1989 he was president of the American Society of Noval Engineers. Dr. Skolnick served at Applied Physic

In an era of fiscal austerity, downsizing and unforgiving pressure upon human and economic capital, it is an Augean task to identify resources for fresh and creative work. The realities of the day and the practical demands of more immediate fleet needs can often dictate higher priorities. Yet, the Navy must avoid eating its seed corn. Exercising both technical insight and management foresight, the fleet, the R&D community, the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OpNav) and the product engineering expertise of the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) are joined and underway with integrated efforts to marry new, fully demonstrated technologies and operational urgencies. Defense funding today cannot sponsor all work that can be mission-justified over the long term because budgets are insufficient to support product maturation within the classical development cycle. However, by rigorous technical filtering and astute engineering of both marketplace capabilities and currently available components, it is possible in a few select cases to compress and, in effect, integrate advanced development (6.3), engineering development (6.4), weapon procurement (WPN), ship construction (SCN), operation and maintenance (O&M,N) budgetary categories when fleet criticalities and technology opportunities can happily meet. In short, 6.3 funds can be applied directly to ''ripe gateways'' so modern technology is inserted into existing troubled or aging systems, sidestepping the lengthy, traditional development cycle and accelerating practical payoffs to recurrent fleet problems. To produce such constructive results has required a remarkable convergence of sponsor prescience and engineering workforce excellence. The paper describes, extensively, the philosophy of approach, transition strategy, polling of fleet needs, technology assessment, and management team requirements. The process for culling and selecting specific candidate tasks for SHARP sponsorship (matching operational need with t

关键词： Naval vessels

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Lattice Compression Revealed at the ≈1 nm Scale

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第39期135卷

作者： Ziwei Xu Hongwei Dong Dr. Wanmiao Gu Dr. Zhen He Fengming Jin Dr. Chengming Wang Dr. Qing You Prof. Dr. Jin Li Prof. Dr. Haiteng Deng Dr. Lingwen Liao Dr. Dong Chen Prof. Dr. Jun Yang Prof. Dr. Zhikun Wu Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Institute of Solid State Physics HFIPS Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei 230601 P. R. China Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong and Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM) Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China Instruments' Center for Physical Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China

Lattice tuning at the ≈1 nm scale is fascinating and challenging; for instance, lattice compression at such a minuscule scale has not been observed. The lattice compression might also bring about some unusual properties, which waits to be verified. Through ligand induction, we herein achieve the lattice compression in a ≈1 nm gold nanocluster for the first time, as detected by the single-crystal X-ray crystallography. In a freshly synthesized Au 52 (CHT) 28 (CHT=S- c −C 6 H 11 ) nanocluster, the lattice distance of the (110) facet is found to be compressed from 4.51 to 3.58 Å at the near end. However, the lattice distances of the (111) and (100) facets show no change in different positions. The lattice-compressed nanocluster exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity for the CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) compared to that exhibited by the same-sized Au 52 (TBBT) 32 (TBBT=4- tert -butyl-benzenethiolate) nanocluster and larger Au nanocrystals without lattice variation, indicating that lattice tuning is an efficient method for tailoring the properties of metal nanoclusters. Further theoretical calculations explain the high CO 2 RR performance of the lattice-compressed Au 52 (CHT) 28 and provide a correlation between its structure and catalytic activity.

关键词： CO2 Reduction Gold Heterogeneous Catalysis Lattice Compression Nanoclusters

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Tomographic Imaging of Orbital Vortex Lines in Three-Dimensional Momentum Space

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Figgemeier, T. Ünzelmann, Maximilian Eck, P. Schusser, J. Crippa, L. Neu, J.N. Geldiyev, B. Kagerer, P. Buck, J. Kalläne, M. Hoesch, M. Rossnagel, K. Siegrist, T. Lim, L.-K. Moessner, R. Sangiovanni, G. Di Sante, D. Reinert, F. Bentmann, H. Experimentelle Physik VII and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat Universität Würzburg Am Hubland WürzburgD-97074 Germany ITPA and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat Universität Würzburg Am Hubland WürzburgD-97074 Germany Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering FAMU-FSU College of Engineering TallahasseeFL32310 United States National High Magnetic Field Laboratory TallahasseeFL32310 United States Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel KielD-24098 Germany Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory Kiel University and DESY D-24098 Kiel HamburgD-22607 Germany Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY HamburgD-22607 Germany Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics Department of Physics Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou310027 China Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat Noethnitzer Strasse 38 DresdenD-01187 Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy Univerity of Bologna BolognaI-40127 Italy Center for Quantum Spintronics Department of Physics NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology TrondheimNO-7491 Norway

We report the experimental discovery of orbital vortex lines in the three-dimensional (3D) band structure of a topological semimetal. Combining linear and circular dichroism in soft x-ray angle-resolved photoemission (SX-ARPES) with first-principles theory, we image the winding of atomic orbital angular momentum, thereby revealing — and determining the location of — lines of vorticity in full 3D momentum space. Our observation of momentum-space vortex lines with quantized winding number establishes an analogue to real-space quantum vortices, for instance, in type-II superconductors and certain non-collinear magnets. These results establish multimodal dichroism in SX-ARPES as an approach to trace 3D orbital textures. Our present findings particularly constitute the first imaging of non-trivial quantum-phase winding at line nodes and may pave the way to new orbitronic phenomena in quantum materials. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum chemistry

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Roadmap on multimode light shaping

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Piccardo, Marco Ginis, Vincent Forbes, Andrew Mahler, Simon Friesem, Asher A. Davidson, Nir Ren, Haoran Dorrah, Ahmed H. Capasso, Federico Dullo, Firehun T. Ahluwalia, Balpreet S. Ambrosio, Antonio Gigan, Sylvain Treps, Nicolas Hiekkamäki, Markus Fickler, Robert Kues, Michael Moss, David Morandotti, Roberto Riemensberger, Johann Kippenberg, Tobias J. Faist, Jérôme Scalari, Giacomo Picqué, Nathalie Hänsch, Theodor W. Cerullo, Giulio Manzoni, Cristian Lugiato, Luigi A. Brambilla, Massimo Columbo, Lorenzo Gatti, Alessandra Prati, Franco Shiri, Abbas Abouraddy, Ayman F. Alù, Andrea Galiffi, Emanuele Pendry, J.B. Huidobro, Paloma A. Center for Nano Science and Technology Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Milano Italy Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Data Lab/Applied Physics Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium School of Physics University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa Department of Physics of Complex Systems Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel MQ Photonics Research Centre Department of Physics and Astronomy Macquarie University Macquarie ParkNSW Australia Department of Physics and Technology UiT-The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway Laboratoire Kastler Brossel ENS-PSL Research University CNRS Sorbonne Université Collège de France Paris France Tampere University Photonics Laboratory Physics Unit Tampere Finland Institute of Photonics Leibniz University Hannover Germany Optical Sciences Centre Swinburne University of Technology Australia Energie Materiaux Telecommunications Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique Canada Lausanne Switzerland Institute for Quantum Electronics ETH Zurich Zürich Switzerland Max-Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching Germany Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologia-CNR Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano Milano Italy Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Università dell'Insubria Como Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Interateneo and CNR-IFN Università e Politecnico di Bari Bari Italy Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni Politecnico di Torino Torino Italy Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie IFN-CNR Milano Italy CREOL The College of Optics & Photonics University of Central Florida OrlandoFL United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Central Florida OrlandoFL United States Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York United States The Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London London United Kingdom Instituto de Telecomunicações IST-University o

Our ability to generate new distributions of light has been remarkably enhanced in recent years. At the most fundamental level, these light patterns are obtained by ingeniously combining different electromagnetic modes. Interestingly, the modal superposition occurs in the spatial, temporal as well as spatio-temporal domain. This generalized concept of structured light is being applied across the entire spectrum of optics: generating classical and quantum states of light, harnessing linear and nonlinear light-matter interactions, and advancing applications in microscopy, spectroscopy, holography, communication, and synchronization. This Roadmap highlights the common roots of these different techniques and thus establishes links between research areas that complement each other seamlessly. We provide an overview of all these areas, their backgrounds, current research, and future developments. We highlight the power of multimodal light manipulation and want to inspire new eclectic approaches in this vibrant research community. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Light

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PennyLane: Automatic differentiation of hybrid quantum-classical computations

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Bergholm, Ville Izaac, Josh Schuld, Maria Gogolin, Christian Ahmed, Shahnawaz Ajith, Vishnu Alam, M. Sohaib Alonso-Linaje, Guillermo AkashNarayanan, B. Asadi, Ali Arrazola, Juan Miguel Azad, Utkarsh Banning, Sam Blank, Carsten Bromley, Thomas R. Cordier, Benjamin A. Ceroni, Jack Delgado, Alain Matteo, Olivia Di Dusko, Amintor Garg, Tanya Guala, Diego Hayes, Anthony Hill, Ryan Ijaz, Aroosa Isacsson, Theodor Ittah, David Jahangiri, Soran Jain, Prateek Jiang, Edward Khandelwal, Ankit Kottmann, Korbinian Lang, Robert A. Lee, Christina Loke, Thomas Lowe, Angus McKiernan, Keri Meyer, Johannes Jakob Montañez-Barrera, J.A. Moyard, Romain Niu, Zeyue O’Riordan, Lee James Oud, Steven Panigrahi, Ashish Park, Chae-Yeun Polatajko, Daniel Quesada, Nicolás Roberts, Chase Sá, Nahum Schoch, Isidor Shi, Borun Shu, Shuli Sim, Sukin Singh, Arshpreet Strandberg, Ingrid Soni, Jay Száva, Antal Thabet, Slimane Vargas-Hernández, Rodrigo A. Vincent, Trevor Vitucci, Nicola Weber, Maurice Wierichs, David Wiersema, Roeland Willmann, Moritz Wong, Vincent Zhang, Shaoming Killoran, Nathan Xanadu 777 Bay Street Toronto Canada Wallenberg Centre for Quantum Technology Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg412 96 Sweden Indian Institute of Information Technology Kottayam India NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA94035 United States Mountain ViewCA94043 United States data cybernetics Martin-Kolmsperger-Str 26 Landsberg86899 Germany Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology Oregon Health and Science University PortlandOR97202 United States Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Uttarakhand Roorkee India qBraid 5235 South Harper Court ChicagoIL60615 United States Factal Analytics Level 2 Chimes Building Plot 61 Sector - 44 Haryana Gurgaon122003 India Centre for High Energy Physics Indian Institute of Science Karnataka Bengaluru560012 India ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3 Castelldefels Barcelona08860 Spain Chemical Physics Theory Group Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Canada DUG Technology 76 Kings Park Rd West PerthWA6005 Australia Rigetti Computing 2919 Seventh Street BerkeleyCA94710 United States Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems Freie Universität Berlin Berlin14195 Germany Institute for Advanced Simulation Jülich Supercomputing Centre Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich52425 Germany University of Amsterdam Netherlands School of Physical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research HBNI Odisha Jatni752 050 India Cervest United Kingdom Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150 Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil Zurich8092 Switzerland Neo4j UK Ltd United Kingdom Zapata Computing Inc. United States ITC Infotech Bangalore India Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscienc

PennyLane is a Python 3 software framework for differentiable programming of quantum computers. The library provides a unified architecture for near-term quantum computing devices, supporting both qubit and continuous-variable paradigms. PennyLane’s core feature is the ability to compute gradients of variational quantum circuits in a way that is compatible with classical techniques such as backpropagation. PennyLane thus extends the automatic differentiation algorithms common in optimization and machine learning to include quantum and hybrid computations. A plugin system makes the framework compatible with any gate-based quantum simulator or hardware. We provide plugins for hardware providers including the Xanadu Cloud, Amazon Braket, and IBM Quantum, allowing PennyLane optimizations to be run on publicly accessible quantum devices. On the classical front, PennyLane interfaces with accelerated machine learning libraries such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, JAX, and Autograd. PennyLane can be used for the optimization of variational quantum eigensolvers, quantum approximate optimization, quantum machine learning models, and many other applications. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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