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Influence of human engineering on manning levels and human performance on ships

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第5期109卷 67-76页

作者： Anderson, DE Oberman, FR Malone, TB Baker, CC David E. Anderson:has a bachelor of science degree in environmental engineering from Florida Technological University and a master's degree in environmental engineering from the University of Central Florida. He is a graduate of the Naval Sea Systems Command's Engineer-In-Training (EIT) Program. Mr. Anderson was instrumental in introducing the collective protection system (CPS) in the U.S. Navy developing the initial forward-fit package for the USS Gunston Hall and the engineering change proposal (ECP) for the USS Wasp. In 1990 he joined the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Division (SEA 55W5) where he was task leader for auxiliary ships. He is currently the HSI manager for the future technology variant of the SeaLift ship and the future carrier. Association of Scientists and Engineers 33rdAnnual Technical Symposium 26 April 1996. Fred R. Oberman:has B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of Chicago and Loyola University (experimental psychology) and an M.S. degree in industrial engineering and operations research from Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI). He has more than 30 years experience in HSI management planning research analysis design and testing in government and private sector positions. He is currently responsible for NavSea HSI generic research and tool development efforts. He is responsible for Human Engineering Specifications and Standards (Commercial Hypertext) and is the NavSea 03D7 representative on HSI in Performance Specifications and for integration of HSI within Integrated Logistic Support (ILS). He has served as DoD HSI SubTAG chair and member of the Simulation and Modeling Test and Evaluation Display and Control Systems Human Computer Interaction Specifications and Standards and Systems Design Sub Tags as a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) Systems Safety Panel and a member of NATO RSG 14 on man-machine analysis. Thomas B. Malone: CHFEP received a Ph.D. in experimental psychology from Fordham University in 1964. He is president of Carlow

The objectives of Human Engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There are other benefits that are thoroughly consistent with the direction of the Navy of the future, chief among these is reduction of required numbers of personnel to operate and maintain Navy ships. The Naval Research Advisory Committee (NRAC) report on Man-Machine technology in the Navy estimated that one of the benefits from increased application of man-machine technology to Navy ship design is personnel reduction as well as improving system availability, effectiveness, and safety The objective of this paper is to discuss aspects of the human engineering design of ships and systems that affect manning requirements, and impact human-performance and safety The paper will also discuss how the application of human engineering leads to improved performance, and crew safety, and reduced workload, all of which influence manning levels. Finally, the paper presents a discussion of tools and case studies of good human engineering design practices which reduce manning.

关键词： Human engineering

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Fine Pore-Structure Engineering by Ligand Conformational Control of Naphthalene Diimide-Based Semiconducting Porous Coordination Polymers for Efficient Chemiresistive Gas Sensing

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第2期135卷

作者： Dr. Ziqian Xue Dr. Jia-Jia Zheng Dr. Yusuke Nishiyama Dr. Ming-Shui Yao Dr. Yoshitaka Aoyama Zeyu Fan Dr. Ping Wang Prof. Takashi Kajiwara Prof. Yoshiki Kubota Prof. Satoshi Horike Prof. Ken-ichi Otake Prof. Susumu Kitagawa Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences Kyoto University Institute for Advanced StudyKyoto University Yoshida Ushinomiya-cho Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Beijing 100190 China RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center Yokohama Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan JEOL Ltd. Musashino Akishima Tokyo 196-8558 Japan State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongguancun Beiertiao No. 1 Haidian Beijing 100190 China Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Osaka Metropolitan University 599-8531 Osaka Japan

Exploring new porous coordination polymers (PCPs) that have tunable structure and conductivity is attractive but remains challenging. Herein, fine pore structure engineering by ligand conformation control of naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based semiconducting PCPs with π stacking-dependent conductivity tunability is achieved. The π stacking distances and ligand conformation in these isoreticular PCPs were modulated by employing metal centers with different coordination geometries. As a result, three conjugated PCPs (Co−pyNDI, Ni−pyNDI, and Zn−pyNDI) with varying pore structure and conductivity were obtained. Their crystal structures were determined by three-dimensional electron diffraction. The through-space charge transfer and tunable pore structure in these PCPs result in modulated selectivity and sensitivity in gas sensing. Zn−pyNDI can serve as a room-temperature operable chemiresistive sensor selective to acetone.

关键词： PCPs/MOFs NDI Semiconductors Sensors 3D electron diffraction (3D ED)

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Quantum Spin Ice Response to a Magnetic Field in the Dipole-Octupole Pyrochlore Ce2Zr2O7

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Smith, E.M. Dudemaine, J. Placke, B. Schäfer, R. Yahne, D.R. DeLazzer, T. Fitterman, A. Beare, J. Gaudet, J. Buhariwalla, C.R.C. Podlesnyak, A. Xu, Guangyong Clancy, J.P. Movshovich, R. Luke, G.M. Ross, K.A. Moessner, R. Benton, O. Bianchi, A.D. Gaulin, B.D. Department of Physics and Astronomy McMaster University HamiltonONL8S 4M1 Canada Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research McMaster University HamiltonONL8S 4M1 Canada Département de Physique Université de Montréal MontréalQCH2V 0B3 Canada QuebecH3T 3J7 Canada Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Nöthnitzer Straße 38 Dresden01187 Germany Department of Physics Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Department of Physics Colorado State University 200 West Lake Street Fort CollinsCO80523-1875 United States NIST Center for Neutron Research National Institute of Standards and Technology MS 6100 GaithersburgMD20899 United States Department of Materials Science and Eng. University of Maryland College ParkMD20742-2115 United States Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Canadian Institute for Advanced Research 661 University Avenue TorontoONM5G 1M1 Canada

The pyrochlore magnet Ce2Zr2O7 has attracted much attention as a quantum spin ice candidate whose novelty derives in part from the dipolar-octupolar nature of the Ce3+ pseudospin-1/2 degrees of freedom it possesses. We report heat capacity measurements on single crystal samples of Ce2Zr2O7 down to T ∼ 0.1 K in a magnetic field along the [1, 1¯, 0] direction. These measurements show that the broad hump in the zero-field heat capacity moves higher in temperature with increasing field strength and is split into two separate humps by the [1, 1¯, 0] magnetic field at ∼ 2T. These separate features are due to the decomposition of the pyrochlore lattice into effectively decoupled chains for fields in this direction: one set of chains (α-chains) is polarized by the field while the other (β-chains) remains free. This situation is similar to that observed in the classical spin ices Ho2Ti2O7 and Dy2Ti2O7, but with the twist that here the strong transverse exchange interactions produce substantial quantum effects. Our theoretical modeling suggests that the β-chains are close to a critical state, with nearly-gapless excitations. We also report elastic and inelastic neutron scattering measurements on single crystal Ce2Zr2O7 in [1, 1¯, 0] and [0, 0, 1] magnetic fields at temperatures down to T = 0.03K. The elastic scattering behaves consistently with the formation of independent chains for a [1, 1¯, 0] field, while the [0, 0, 1] field produces a single field-induced elastic magnetic Bragg peak at (0, 2, 0) and equivalent wavevectors, indicating a polarized spin ice state for fields above ∼ 3 T. For both [1, 1¯, 0] and [0, 0, 1] magnetic fields, our inelastic neutron scattering results show an approximately-dispersionless continuum of scattering that increases in both energy and intensity with increasing field strength. By modeling the complete set of experimental data using numerical linked cluster and semiclassical molecular dynamics calculations, we demonstrate the dominantly mul

关键词： Molecular dynamics

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An environment for sustainable research software in Germany and beyond: Current state, open challenges, and call for action

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Anzt, Hartwig Bach, Felix Druskat, Stephan Löffler, Frank Loewe, Axel Renard, Bernhard Y. Seemann, Gunnar Struck, Alexander Achhammer, Elke Aggarwal, Piush Appel, Franziska Bader, Michael Brusch, Lutz Busse, Christian Chourdakis, Gerasimos Dabrowski, Piotr W. Ebert, Peter Flemisch, Bernd Friedl, Sven Fritzsch, Bernadette Funk, Maximilian D. Gast, Volker Goth, Florian Grad, Jean-Noël Hermann, Sibylle Hohmann, Florian Janosch, Stephan Kutra, Dominik Linxweiler, Jan Muth, Thilo Peters-Kottig, Wolfgang Rack, Fabian Raters, Fabian H.C. Rave, Stephan Reina, Guido Reißig, Malte Ropinski, Timo Schaarschmidt, Joerg Seibold, Heidi Thiele, Jan P. Uekerman, Benjamin Unger, Stefan Weeber, Rudolf Germany Innovative Computing Lab University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States Department of English Studies Friedrich Schiller University Jena Germany Germany Department of Computer Science Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Germany Heinz Nixdorf Chair for Distributed Information Systems Friedrich Schiller University Jena Germany Michael Stifel Center Jena Germany Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge United States Germany Robert Koch Institute Berlin Germany Hasso Plattner Institute Faculty of Digital Engineering University of Potsdam Germany Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine University Heart Centre Freiburg Bad Krozingen Germany Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany Matters of Activity. Image Space Material. Cluster of Excellence at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Germany Technische Universität München Germany Language Technology Lab Universität Duisburg-Essen Germany Germany Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich Germany Technische Universität Dresden Germany Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Heidelberg Germany Scientific Computing in Computer Science Technical University Munich Germany School of Computing Communication and Business Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin Germany Center for Bioinformatics Saar Saarland Informatics Campus Germany Institute for Modelling Hydraulic and Environmental Systems University of Stuttgart Germany Berlin Institute of Health Germany Scientific Computing Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven Germany Max-Planck-Gesellschaft e.V. Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik Universität Würzburg Germany Institut für Computerphysik University of Stuttgart Germany University Library University of Stuttgart Germany Universität Bremen Germany Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Dresden Germany European Molecular Biology Laboratory Heidelb

Research software has become a central asset in academic research. It optimizes existing and enables new research methods, implements and embeds research knowledge, and constitutes an essential research product in itself. Research software must be sustainable in order to understand, replicate, reproduce, and build upon existing research or conduct new research effectively. In other words, software must be available, discoverable, usable, and adaptable to new needs, both now and in the future. Research software therefore requires an environment that supports sustainability. Hence, a change is needed in the way research software development and maintenance are currently motivated, incentivized, funded, structurally and infrastructurally supported, and legally treated. Failing to do so will threaten the quality and validity of research. In this paper, we identify challenges for research software sustainability in Germany and beyond, in terms of motivation, selection, research software engineering personnel, funding, infrastructure, and legal aspects. Besides researchers, we specifically address political and academic decision-makers to increase awareness of the importance and needs of sustainable research software practices. In particular, we recommend strategies and measures to create an environment for sustainable research software, with the ultimate goal to ensure that software-driven research is valid, reproducible and sustainable, and that software is recognized as a first class citizen in research. This paper is the outcome of two workshops run in Germany in 2019, at deRSE19 - the first International Conference of Research Software Engineers in Germany - and a dedicated DFG-supported follow-up workshop in Berlin. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Software design

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Strategies and results for promoting participation of women in physics in Mexico: Demographics and short timescale aims

引用

AIP Conference Proceedings 2019年第1期2109卷

作者： Lorena Romero-Salazar Melissa María Monroy-Hernández Lilia Meza-Montes Darío Núñez-Zúñiga Amalia Martínez-García 1Laboratory of Nanothermodynamics and Complex Systems School of Sciences Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Toluca Mexico 2Mexican Network for Science Technology and Gender Luis Rivera Terrazas Institute of Physics Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla Mexico 3Luis Rivera Terrazas Institute of Physics Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla Mexico 4Mexican Physical Society Science Faculty University Campus National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico City Mexico 5Institute of Nuclear Sciences University Campus National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico City Mexico 6Optical and Mechanical Testing Lab Center for Research in Optics León Mexico

We review old and new strategies to sustain an increase in the participation of women in physics in Mexico. We assess the effectiveness of tactics in achieving specific goals, such increased participation of female physicists in scientific events and networks with a gender perspective. Since last year, the International Day of Women and Girls in science has been considered an important opportunity to empower events of local and national scope and to encourage young students to pursue scientific careers. We compile facts and figures of the past events. The evolution of the gender demographics of academia is presented with data from the National Research System members as well as women enrolled in bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral programs in physics.

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The issue of 0D-like ground state isolation in GaAs- and InP-based coupled quantum dots-quantum well systems

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2017年第1期906卷

作者： M. Syperek J. Andrzejewski W. Rudno-Rudziński A. Maryński G. Sȩk J. Misiewicz J. P. Reithmaier A. Somers S. Höfling Laboratory for Optical Spectroscopy of Nanostructures Department of Experimental Physics Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology Wrocław University of Science and Technology Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 27 50-370 Wrocaw Poland Institute of Nanostructure Technologies and Analytics (INA) CINSaT University of Kassel Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40 34132 Kassel Germany Technische Physik University of Würzburg and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems Am Hubland D-97074 Würzburg Germany SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy University of St. Andrews North Haugh KY16 9SS St. Andrews United Kingdom

The issue of quantum mechanical coupling between a semiconductor quantum dot and a quantum well is studied in two families of GaAs- and InP- based structures at cryogenic temperatures. It is shown that by tuning the quantum well parameters one can strongly disturb the 0D-character of the coupled system ground state, initially located in a dot. The out-coupling of either an electron or a hole state from the quantum dot confining potential is viewed by a significant elongation of the photoluminescence decay time constant. Band structure calculations show that in the GaAs-based coupled system at its ground state a hole remains isolated in the dot, whereas an electron gets delocalized towards the quantum well. The opposite picture is built for the ground state of a coupled system based on InP.

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Roadmap on Deep Learning for Microscopy

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Volpe, Giovanni Wählby, Carolina Tian, Lei Hecht, Michael Yakimovich, Artur Monakhova, Kristina Waller, Laura Sbalzarini, Ivo F. Metzler, Christopher A. Xie, Mingyang Zhang, Kevin Lenton, Isaac C.D. Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Halina Brunner, Daniel Bai, Bijie Ozcan, Aydogan Midtvedt, Daniel Wang, Hao Sladoje, Nataša Lindblad, Joakim Smith, Jason T. Ochoa, Marien Barroso, Margarida Intes, Xavier Qiu, Tong Yu, Li-Yu You, Sixian Liu, Yongtao Ziatdinov, Maxim A. Kalinin, Sergei V. Sheridan, Arlo Manor, Uri Nehme, Elias Goldenberg, Ofri Shechtman, Yoav Moberg, Henrik K. Langhammer, Christoph Špačková, Barbora Helgadottir, Saga Midtvedt, Benjamin Argun, Aykut Thalheim, Tobias Cichos, Frank Bo, Stefano Hubatsch, Lars Pineda, Jesus Manzo, Carlo Bachimanchi, Harshith Selander, Erik Homs-Corbera, Antoni Fränzl, Martin de Haan, Kevin Rivenson, Yair Korczak, Zofia Adiels, Caroline Beck Mijalkov, Mite Veréb, Dániel Chang, Yu-Wei Pereira, Joana B. Matuszewski, Damian Kylberg, Gustaf Sintorn, Ida-Maria Caicedo, Juan C. Cimini, Beth A. Bell, Muyinatu Lediju A. Saraiva, Bruno M. Jacquemet, Guillaume Henriques, Ricardo Ouyang, Wei Le, Trang Gómez-De-Mariscal, Estibaliz Sage, Daniel Muñoz-Barrutia, Arrate Lindqvist, Ebba Josefson Bergman, Johanna Department of Physics University of Gothenburg Gothenburg41296 Sweden Dept. IT and SciLifeLab Uppsala University Sweden Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Görlitz Germany Department of Renal Medicine Division of Medicine University College London Royal Free Hospital Campus London United Kingdom Artificial Intelligence for Life Sciences CIC Dorset United Kingdom Roche Pharma International Informatics Roche Diagnostics GmbH Mannheim Germany Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences UC Berkeley United States Technische Universität Dresden Faculty of Computer Science Dresden Germany Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Center for Systems Biology Dresden Dresden Germany University of Maryland College Park United States Klosterneuburg3400 Austria School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland Brisbane4072 Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems The University of Queensland Brisbane4072 Australia Département d’Optique P. M. Duffieux Institut FEMTO-ST Université Franche-Comté CNRS UMR 6174 Besançon France Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Department of Information Technology Uppsala University Sweden Department of Biomedical Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Elephas 1 Erdman Pl. Madison53705 United States University of Wisconsin–Madison Department of Medical Physics MadisonWI53705 United States Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology Albany Medical College AlbanyNY12208 United States Research Laboratory of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA United States Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak R

Through digital imaging, microscopy has evolved from primarily being a means for visual observation of life at the micro- and nano-scale, to a quantitative tool with ever-increasing resolution and throughput. Artificial intelligence, deep neural networks, and machine learning are all niche terms describing computational methods that have gained a pivotal role in microscopy-based research over the past decade. This Roadmap is written collectively by prominent researchers and encompasses selected aspects of how machine learning is applied to microscopy image data, with the aim of gaining scientific knowledge by improved image quality, automated detection, segmentation, classification and tracking of objects, and efficient merging of information from multiple imaging modalities. We aim to give the reader an overview of the key developments and an understanding of possibilities and limitations of machine learning for microscopy. It will be of interest to a wide cross-disciplinary audience in the physical sciences and life sciences. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image enhancement

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A chirality-based quantum leap

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Aiello, Clarice D. Abbas, Muneer Abendroth, John M. Afanasev, Andrei Agarwal, Shivang Banerjee, Amartya S. Beratan, David N. Belling, Jason N. Berche, Bertrand Botana, Antia Caram, Justin R. Celardo, Giuseppe Luca Cuniberti, Gianaurelio Garcia-Etxarri, Aitzol Dianat, Arezoo Diez-Perez, Ismael Guo, Yuqi Gutierrez, Rafael Herrmann, Carmen Hihath, Joshua Kale, Suneet Kurian, Philip Lai, Ying-Cheng Lopez, Alexander Medina, Ernesto Mujica, Vladimiro Naaman, Ron Noormandipour, Mohammadreza Palma, Julio L. Paltiel, Yossi Petuskey, William T. Ribeiro-Silva, João Carlos Saenz, Juan José Santos, Elton J.G. Solyanik, Maria Sorger, Volker J. Stemer, Dominik M. Ugalde, Jesus M. Valdes-Curiel, Ana Varela, Solmar Waldeck, David H. Weiss, Paul S. Zacharias, Helmut Wang, Qing Hua California NanoSystems Institute University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Microbiology Howard University WashingtonDC20059 United States Laboratory for Solid State Physics ETH Zürich Zürich8093 Switzerland George Washington University WashingtonDC20052 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Chemistry Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA90095 United States Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques UMR Université de Lorraine-CNRS Vandœuvre les Nancy 7019 54506 France Department of Physics Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Institute of Physics IFUAP-BUAP Puebla72000 Mexico Institute for Materials Science Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden University of Technology Dresden01062 Germany Donostia International Physics Center Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea Euskadi Donostia20018 Spain Department of Chemistry Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences King's College London 7 Trinity Street LondonSE1 1DB United Kingdom School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Department of Chemistry University of Hamburg Hamburg20146 Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis DavisCA95616 United States School of Molecular Sciences Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Quantum Biology Laboratory Graduate School Howard University WashingtonDC20059 United States School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Department of Chemical and Biological Physics Weizmann Institut

Chiral degrees of freedom occur in matter and in electromagnetic fields and constitute an area of research that is experiencing renewed interest driven by recent observations of the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in chiral molecules and engineered nanomaterials. The CISS effect underpins the fact that charge transport through nanoscopic chiral structures favors a particular electronic spin orientation, resulting in large room-temperature spin polarizations. Observations of the CISS effect suggest opportunities for spin control and for the design and fabrication of room-temperature quantum devices from the bottom up, with atomic-scale precision. Any technology that relies on optimal charge transport, including quantum devices for logic, sensing, and storage, may benefit from chiral quantum properties. These properties can be theoretically and experimentally investigated from a quantum information perspective, which is presently lacking. There are uncharted implications for the quantum sciences once chiral couplings can be engineered to control the storage, transduction, and manipulation of quantum information. This forward-looking perspective provides a survey of the experimental and theoretical fundamentals of chiral-influenced quantum effects, and presents a vision for their future roles in enabling room-temperature quantum technologies. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum optics

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Operational Research: Methods and Applications

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Petropoulos, Fotios Laporte, Gilbert Aktas, Emel Alumur, Sibel A. Archetti, Claudia Ayhan, Hayriye Battarra, Maria Bennell, Julia A. Bourjolly, Jean-Marie Boylan, John E. Breton, Michèle Canca, David Charlin, Laurent Chen, Bo Cicek, Cihan Tugrul Cox, Louis Anthony Currie, Christine S.M. Demeulemeester, Erik Ding, Li Disney, Stephen M. Ehrgott, Matthias Eppler, Martin J. Erdogan, Güneş Fortz, Bernard Franco, L. Alberto Frische, Jens Greco, Salvatore Gregory, Amanda J. Hämäläinen, Raimo P. Herroelen, Willy Hewitt, Mike Holmström, Jan Hooker, John N. Işık, Tugçe Johnes, Jill Kara, Bahar Y. Karsu, Özlem Kent, Katherine Köhler, Charlotte Kunc, Martin Kuo, Yong-Hong Letchford, Adam N. Leung, Janny Li, Dong Li, Haitao Lienert, Judit Ljubić, Ivana Lodi, Andrea Lozano, Sebastián Lurkin, Virginie Martello, Silvano McHale, Ian G. Midgley, Gerald Morecroft, John D.W. Mutha, Akshay Oguz, Ceyda Petrovic, Sanja Pferschy, Ulrich Psaraftis, Harilaos N. Rose, Sam Saarinen, Lauri Salhi, Said Song, Jing-Sheng Sotiros, Dimitrios Stecke, Kathryn E. Strauss, Arne K. Tarhan, Istenç Thielen, Clemens Toth, Paolo Van Woensel, Tom Vanden Berghe, Greet Vasilakis, Christos Vaze, Vikrant Vigo, Daniele Virtanen, Kai Wang, Xun Weron, Rafal White, Leroy Yearworth, Mike Yıldırım, E. Alper Zaccour, Georges Zhao, Xuying School of Management University of Bath Bath United Kingdom Makridakis Open Forecasting Center University of Nicosia Nicosia Cyprus Department of Decision Sciences HEC Montréal Montreal Canada Molde University College Molde Norway Cranfield School of Management Cranfield University Cranfield United Kingdom Department of Management Sciences University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada ESSEC Business School in Paris Department of Information Systems Decision Sciences and Statistics Cergy France H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta United States Centre for Decision Research Leeds University Business School University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom Université du Québec à Montréal Montreal Canada Centre for Marketing Analytics and Forecasting Lancaster University Management School Lancaster University Lancaster United Kingdom School of Engineering Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Science I University of Seville Seville Spain Mila-Quebec AI Institute Montreal Canada Warwick Business School University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom Department of Industrial Engineering Atilim University Ankara Turkey Department of Business Analytics University of Colorado School of Business Denver United States Cox Associates Denver United States Mathematical Sciences University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom Faculty of Economics and Business Research Center for Operations Management KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Durham University Business School Durham University Durham United Kingdom Center for Simulation Analytics and Modelling University of Exeter Business School Exeter United Kingdom Department of Management Science Lancaster University Management School Lancaster University Lancaster United Kingdom University of St. Gallen St. Gallen Switzerland HEC - Management School of the University of Liège Liège Belgium Département d'Informatique Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruss

Throughout its history, Operational Research has evolved to include a variety of methods, models and algorithms that have been applied to a diverse and wide range of contexts. This encyclopedic article consists of two main sections: methods and applications. The first aims to summarise the up-to-date knowledge and provide an overview of the state-of-the-art methods and key developments in the various subdomains of the field. The second offers a wide-ranging list of areas where Operational Research has been applied. The article is meant to be read in a nonlinear fashion. It should be used as a point of reference or first-port-of-call for a diverse pool of readers: academics, researchers, students, and practitioners. The entries within the methods and applications sections are presented in alphabetical order. The authors dedicate this paper to the 2023 Turkey/Syria earthquake victims. We sincerely hope that advances in OR will play a role towards minimising the pain and suffering caused by this and future catastrophes. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Decision making

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Cover Feature: Phosphorus-Doped MoS2Nanosheets Supported on Carbon Cloths as Efficient Hydrogen-Generation Electrocatalysts (ChemCatChem 7/2018)

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ChemCatChem 2018年第7期10卷 1477-1477页

作者： Luozhen Bian Wei Gao Jiamin Sun Mingming Han Fulin Li Zhaofeng Gao Lei Shu Prof. Ning Han Prof. Zai-xing Yang Prof. Aimin Song Prof. Yongquan Qu Prof. Johnny C. Ho Shenzhen Research Institute Shandong University Shenzhen 518057 P.R. China Center of Nanoelectronics and School of Microelectronics Shandong University Jinan 250100 P.R. China Center for Applied Chemical Research Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P.R. China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong P.R. China Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518057 P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P.R. China

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