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A dynamic control decision approach for fixed-wing aircraft games via hybrid action reinforcement learning

science China(Information sciences) 2025年第3期68卷 197-219页

作者： Xing ZHUANG Dongguang LI Hanyu LI Yue WANG Jihong ZHU Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory Beijing Institute of Technology Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua University

Autonomous decision-making is crucial for aircraft to achieve quick victories in diverse scenarios. Based on a 6-degree-of-freedom aircraft model, this paper proposes a decoupled guidance and control theory for autonomous aircraft maneuvering, distinguishing between close and long-range engagements. We introduce a method for heading attitude control to enhance stability during close-range interactions and a speed-based adaptive grid model for precise waypoint control in mid-to-long-range engagements. The paper transforms dynamic aircraft interactions into a Markov decision process and presents a hybrid discrete and continuous action reinforcement learning approach. This unified learning framework offers enhanced generalization and learning speed for dynamic aircraft adversarial processes. Experimental results indicate that in a symmetric environment, our approach rapidly achieves Nash equilibrium, securing over a 10% advantage. In unmanned aerial aircraft game control with higher maneuverability, the probability of gaining a situational advantage increases by more than 40%. Compared to similar methods, our approach demonstrates superior effectiveness in decision optimization and adversarial success ***, we validate the algorithm's robustness and adaptability in an asymmetric environment, showcasing its promising application potential in collaborative control of aircraft clusters.

关键词： intelligent air combat unmanned aerial vehicle game dynamic control reinforcement learning

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Underdetermined direction of arrival estimation with nonuniform linear motion sampling based on a small unmanned aerial vehicle platform

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 352-363页

作者： Xinwei Wang Xiaopeng Yan Tai An Qile Chen Dingkun Huang Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory School of Mechatronical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Uniform linear array(ULA)radars are widely used in the collision-avoidance radar systems of small unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).In practice,a ULA's multi-target direction of arrival(DOA)estimation performance suffers from significant performance degradation owing to the limited number of physical *** improve the underdetermined DOA estimation performance of a ULA radar mounted on a small UAV platform,we propose a nonuniform linear motion sampling underdetermined DOA estimation *** the motion of the UAV platform,the echo signal is sampled at different ***,according to the concept of difference co-array,a virtual ULA with multiple array elements and a large aperture is synthesized to increase the degrees of freedom(DOFs).Through position analysis of the original and motion arrays,we propose a nonuniform linear motion sampling method based on ULA for determining the optimal *** the condition of no increase in the aperture of the physical array,the proposed method obtains a high DOF with fewer sampling runs and greatly improves the underdetermined DOA estimation performance of *** results of numerical simulations conducted herein verify the superior performance of the proposed method.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) Uniform linear array(ULA) Direction of arrival(DOA) Difference co-array Nonuniform linear motion sampling method

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Cognitive interference decision method for air defense missile fuze based on reinforcement learning

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 393-404页

作者： Dingkun Huang Xiaopeng Yan Jian Dai Xinwei Wang Yangtian Liu Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory School of Mechatronical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

To solve the problem of the low interference success rate of air defense missile radio fuzes due to the unified interference form of the traditional fuze interference system,an interference decision method based Q-learning algorithm is ***,dividing the distance between the missile and the target into multiple states to increase the quantity of state ***,a multidimensional motion space is utilized,and the search range of which changes with the distance of the projectile,to select parameters and minimize the amount of ineffective interference *** interference effect is determined by detecting whether the fuze signal ***,a weighted reward function is used to determine the reward value based on the range state,output power,and parameter quantity information of the interference *** effectiveness of the proposed method in selecting the range of motion space parameters and designing the discrimination degree of the reward function has been verified through offline experiments involving full-range missile *** optimal interference form for each distance state has been *** with the single-interference decision method,the proposed decision method can effectively improve the success rate of interference.

关键词： Cognitive radio Interference decision Radio fuze Reinforcement learning Interference strategy optimization

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Analysis of optical transmission energy loss for micro optical-electro mechanical fuze safety and arming system

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International Journal of Nanomanufacturing 2023年第3-4期18卷 160-170页

作者： Tian, Zhongwang Li, Shiteng Zhao, Xu Guo, Shixi Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory Xi’an710065 China

The design basis of optical path control of micro optical-electro mechanical fuze safety and arming system is insufficient. Based on working principle of the S&A, the basic theory of laser transmission in optical fibre was analysed, and the simulation model and experiment system of dual fibre alignment were established, which by the laser energy transfer characteristics of the S&A were studied. The results showed that radial deviation and angle deviation were main factors causing the loss of laser energy transmission during fibre coupling, and the radial deviation larger than 25 μm or the angle deviation larger than 2.1° should be avoided. The energy transmission properties would not be affected by radial deviation and angle deviation when the axial clearance was less than 100 μm. And the energy transmission efficiency would be significantly reduced with the influence of multiple factors such as axial, radial and angular deviation, which among the angle deviation was main factor. In the process of optical path designing for S&A system, ensuring the angle alignment of fibres is most important, and the angle deviation larger than 1° should be avoided when the radial offset is superimposed. Copyright © 2023 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Light transmission

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Research on multi-scale simulation and dynamic verification of high dynamic MEMS components in additive manufacturing

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Defence technology 2025年 47卷 275-291页

作者： Lv, Sining Feng, Hengzhen Lou, Wenzhong Xiao, Chuan Li, Shiyi Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China

Metal Additive Manufacturing (MAM) technology has become an important means of rapid prototyping precision manufacturing of special high dynamic heterogeneous complex parts. In response to the micro-mechanical defects such as porosity issues, significant deformation, surface cracks, and challenging control of surface morphology encountered during the selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing (AM) process of specialized Micro electromechanical System (MEMS) components, multi-parameter optimization and micro powder melt pool/macro-scale mechanical properties control simulation of specialized components are conducted. The optimal parameters obtained through high-precision preparation and machining of components and static/high dynamic verification are: laser power of 110 W, laser speed of 600 mm/s, laser diameter of 75 μm, and scanning spacing of 50 μm. The density of the subordinate components under this reference can reach 99.15%, the surface hardness can reach 51.9 HRA, the yield strength can reach 550 MPa, the maximum machining error of the components is 4.73%, and the average surface roughness is 0.45 μm. Through dynamic hammering and high dynamic firing verification, SLM components meet the requirements for overload resistance. The results have proven that MEM technology can provide a new means for the processing of MEMS components applied in high dynamic environments. The parameters obtained in the conclusion can provide a design basis for the additive preparation of MEMS components. © 2024 China Ordnance Society

关键词： Microchannels

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Parameter estimation method for a linear frequency modulation signal with a Duffing oscillator based on frequency periodicity

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第8期32卷 237-246页

作者：张宁哲闫晓鹏吕明慧陈秀梅黄鼎琨 Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory School of Mechatronical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

In view of the complexity of existing linear frequency modulation(LFM)signal parameter estimation methods and the poor antinoise performance and estimation accuracy under a low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),a parameter estimation method for LFM signals with a Duffing oscillator based on frequency periodicity is proposed in this *** method utilizes the characteristic that the output signal of the Duffing oscillator excited by the LFM signal changes periodically with frequency,and the modulation period of the LFM signal is estimated by autocorrelation processing of the output signal of the Duffing *** this basis,the corresponding relationship between the reference frequency of the frequencyaligned Duffing oscillator and the frequency range of the LFM signal is analyzed by the periodic power spectrum method,and the frequency information of the LFM signal is *** results show that this method can achieve high-accuracy parameter estimation for LFM signals at an SNR of-25 dB.

关键词： linear frequency modulation(LFM)signal Duffing oscillator frequency periodicity parameter estimation

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Automatic modulation recognition of radiation source signals based on two-dimensional data matrix and improved residual neural network

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 364-373页

作者： Guanghua Yi Xinhong Hao Xiaopeng Yan Jian Dai Yangtian Liu Yanwen Han Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory School of Mechatronical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China BIT Tangshan Research Institute Beijing 100081China

Automatic modulation recognition(AMR)of radiation source signals is a research focus in the field of cognitive ***,the AMR of radiation source signals at low SNRs still faces a great ***,the AMR method of radiation source signals based on two-dimensional data matrix and improved residual neural network is proposed in this ***,the time series of the radiation source signals are reconstructed into two-dimensional data matrix,which greatly simplifies the signal preprocessing ***,the depthwise convolution and large-size convolutional kernels based residual neural network(DLRNet)is proposed to improve the feature extraction capability of the AMR ***,the model performs feature extraction and classification on the two-dimensional data matrix to obtain the recognition vector that represents the signal modulation *** analysis and simulation results show that the AMR method based on two-dimensional data matrix and improved residual network can significantly improve the accuracy of the AMR *** recognition accuracy of the proposed method maintains a high level greater than 90% even at -14 dB SNR.

关键词： Automatic modulation recognition Radiation source signals Two-dimensional data matrix Residual neural network Depthwise convolution

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Underwater four-quadrant dual-beam circumferential scanning laser fuze using nonlinear adaptive backscatter filter based on pauseable SAF-LMS algorithm

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第7期37卷 1-13页

作者： Guangbo Xu Bingting Zha Hailu Yuan Zhen Zheng He Zhang Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory Beijing 100081China Shanghai Radio Equipment Research Institute Shanghai 201109China

The phenomenon of a target echo peak overlapping with the backscattered echo peak significantly undermines the detection range and precision of underwater laser *** overcome this issue,we propose a four-quadrant dual-beam circumferential scanning laser fuze to distinguish various interference signals and provide more real-time data for the backscatter filtering *** enhances the algorithm loading capability of the *** order to address the problem of insufficient filtering capacity in existing linear backscatter filtering algorithms,we develop a nonlinear backscattering adaptive filter based on the spline adaptive filter least mean square(SAF-LMS)*** also designed an algorithm pause module to retain the original trend of the target echo peak,improving the time discrimination accuracy and anti-interference capability of the ***,experiments are conducted with varying signal-to-noise ratios of the original underwater target echo *** experimental results show that the average signal-to-noise ratio before and after filtering can be improved by more than31 d B,with an increase of up to 76%in extreme detection distance.

关键词： Laser fuze Underwater laser detection Backscatter adaptive filter Spline least mean square algorithm Nonlinear filtering algorithm

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Research on dynamic response behavior of the fuze with a combined fuze-warhead structure under different impact positions of bullets 4

Research on dynamic response behavior of the fuze with a com...

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4th International Conference on Defence technology, ICDT 2024

作者： Wang, Qiang Niu, Lanjie Fan, Chenyang Qv, Zhuojun Xv, Rui Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory Xi’an Institute of Electromechanical Information Technology Xi’an China

Aiming at the problem of unclear fuse detonation response in the process of different positions of the bullet impact detonator, to carry out research on the dynamic response behaviour of the fuse under the difference of the bullet impact position of the fuze-warhead combination structure. Through experiments and LS-DYNA numerical simulation, the influence of different positions of bullet impact booster on fuze reaction level and output pressure is analyzed. The results demonstrate that in the tests where the bullet made contact with the centre of the fuse, transmitting an explosive charge, the velocity of the bullet is 832 m/s, and the fuse exhibits a partial detonation level in response to the impact. The highest fuse response level occurs when the bullet strikes the centre of the pyrotechnic charge - partial detonation, the lowest fuse response level occurs when the bullet strikes the upper side of the pyrotechnic charge - burning, and the fuse response level occurs when the bullet strikes the lower side of the pyrotechnic charge - deflagration or explosion. The maximum fuse output pressure when the bullet strikes the centre of the pyrotechnic charge - 6.09 GPa, the minimum fuse output pressure when the bullet strikes the upper side of the pyrotechnic charge - 0.98 GPa, and the fuse output pressure when the bullet strikes the lower side of the pyrotechnic charge is 2.76 GPa. © 2024 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Detonation

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Automatic modulation recognition of radio fuzes using a DR2D-based adaptive denoising method and textural feature extraction

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 328-338页

作者： Yangtian Liu Xiaopeng Yan Qiang Liu Tai An Jian Dai Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory School of Mechatronical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China China Research and Development Academy of Machinery Equipment Beijing 100089China

The identification of intercepted radio fuze modulation types is a prerequisite for decision-making in interference ***,the electromagnetic environment of modern battlefields is complex,and the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of such environments is usually low,which makes it difficult to implement accurate recognition of radio *** solve the above problem,a radio fuze automatic modulation recognition(AMR)method for low-SNR environments is ***,an adaptive denoising algorithm based on data rearrangement and the two-dimensional(2D)fast Fourier transform(FFT)(DR2D)is used to reduce the noise of the intercepted radio fuze intermediate frequency(IF)***,the textural features of the denoised IF signal rearranged data matrix are extracted from the statistical indicator vectors of gray-level cooccurrence matrices(GLCMs),and support vector machines(SVMs)are used for *** DR2D-based adaptive denoising algorithm achieves an average correlation coefficient of more than 0.76 for ten fuze types under SNRs of-10 d B and above,which is higher than that of other typical *** trained SVM classification model achieves an average recognition accuracy of more than 96%on seven modulation types and recognition accuracies of more than 94%on each modulation type under SNRs of-12 d B and above,which represents a good AMR performance of radio fuzes under low SNRs.

关键词： Automatic modulation recognition Adaptive denoising Data rearrangement and the 2D FFT(DR2D) Radio fuze

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