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Stripe charge order and its interaction with Majorana bound states in 2M-WS2 topological superconductors

National science Review 2025年第2期12卷 42-49页

作者： Xuemin Fan Xiao-Qi Sun Penghao Zhu Yuqiang Fang Yongkang Ju Yonghao Yuan Jingming Yan Fuqiang Huang Taylor L.Hughes Peizhe Tang Qi-Kun Xue Wei Li State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua University Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Institute for Condensed Matter Physics and Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Center for Free-Electron Laser Science Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Southern University of Science and Technology

To achieve logic operations via Majorana braiding, positional control of the Majorana bound states（MBSs）must be established. Here we report the observation of a striped surface charge order coexisting with superconductivity and its interaction with the MBS in the topological superconductor 2M-WS2, using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. By applying an out-of-plane magnetic field, we observe that MBSs are absent in vortices in the region with stripe order. This is in contrast to adjacent underlaying layers without charge order, where vortex-bound MBSs are observed. Via theoretical simulations, we show that the surface stripe order does not destroy the bulk topology, but it can effectively modify the spatial distribution of MBSs, i.e. it pushes them downward, away from the 2M-WS2surface. Our findings demonstrate that the interplay of charge order and topological superconductivity can potentially be used to tune the positions of MBSs, and to explore new states of matter.

关键词： Majorana bound states 2M-WS stripe charge order topological superconductor

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Binary Image Steganalysis Based on Symmetrical Local Residual Patterns

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第4期31卷 752-763页

作者： LUO Junwei YU Mujian YIN Xiaolin LU Wei School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security TechnologyMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Sun Yat-sen University

Residual computation is an effective method for gray-scale image steganalysis. For binary images, the residual computation calculated by the XOR operation is also employed in the local residual patterns(LRP) model for steganalysis. A binary image steganalytic scheme based on symmetrical local residual patterns(SLRP) is proposed. The symmetrical relationships among residual patterns are introduced that make the features more compact while reducing the dimensionality of the features set. Multi-scale windows are utilized to construct three SLRP submodels which are further merged to construct the final features set instead of a single *** with higher probability to be modified after embedding are emphasized and selected to construct the feature sets for training the support vector machine classifier. The experimental results show that the proposed steganalytic scheme is effective for detecting binary image steganography.

关键词： information hiding Steganalysis Symmetrical local residual patterns Multi-scale model

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Unipolar p-type monolayer WSe_(2) field-effect transistors with high current density and low contact resistance enabled by van der Waals contacts

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Nano Research 2024年第11期17卷 10162-10169页

作者： Miaomiao Li Xinyu Zhang Zimei Zhang Gang Peng Zhihong Zhu Jia Li Shiqiao Qin Mengjian Zhu College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China Nanhu Laser Laboratory National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials and State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China College of Science & Hunan Key Laboratory of Extreme Matter and Applications National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

High-performance field-effect transistors (FETs) based on atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have demonstrated great promise in post-Moore integrated circuits. However, unipolar p-type 2D semiconductor transistors yet remain challenging and suffer from low saturation current density (less than 10 µA·µm^(−1)) and high contact resistance (larger than 100 kΩ·µm), mainly limited by the Schottky barrier induced by the mismatch of the work-functions and the Fermi level pinning at the metal contact interfaces. Here, we overcome these two obstacles through van der Waals (vdW) integration of high work-function metal palladium (Pd) as the contacts onto monolayer WSe2 grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. We demonstrate unipolar p-type monolayer WSe2 FETs with superior device performance: room temperature on-state current density exceeding 100 µA·µm^(−1), contact resistance of 12 kΩ·µm, on/off ratio over 107, and field-effect hole mobility of ~ 103 cm2·V^(−1)·s^(−1). Electrical transport measurements reveal that the Fermi level pinning effect is completely effectively eliminated in monolayer WSe2 with vdW Pd contacts, leading to a Schottky barrier-free Ohmic contact at the metal-semiconductor junctions. Combining the advantages of large-scale vdW contact strategy and CVD growth, our results pave the way for wafer-scale fabrication of complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) logic circuits based on atomically thin 2D semiconductors.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)field-effect transistors(FETs) monolayer WSe2 van der Waals(vdW)contact on-state current hole mobility

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Large language models for generative information extraction:a survey

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Frontiers of Computer science 2024年第6期18卷 61-84页

作者： Derong XU Wei CHEN Wenjun PENG Chao ZHANG Tong XU Xiangyu ZHAO Xian WU Yefeng ZHENG Yang WANG Enhong CHEN State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence&University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230000China Department of Data Science City University of Hong KongHongkong 999077China Jarvis Research Center Tencent YouTu LabBeijing 100029China Anhui Conch Information Technology Engineering Co. Ltd.Wuhu 241000China

information Extraction(IE)aims to extract structural knowledge from plain natural language ***,generative Large Language Models(LLMs)have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in text understanding and *** a result,numerous works have been proposed to integrate LLMs for IE tasks based on a generative *** conduct a comprehensive systematic review and exploration of LLM efforts for IE tasks,in this study,we survey the most recent advancements in this *** first present an extensive overview by categorizing these works in terms of various IE subtasks and techniques,and then we empirically analyze the most advanced methods and discover the emerging trend of IE tasks with *** on a thorough review conducted,we identify several insights in technique and promising research directions that deserve further exploration in future *** maintain a public repository and consistently update related works and resources on GitHub(LLM4IE repository).

关键词： information extraction large language models review

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Coumarin derivative dye sensitized NaYGdF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles with enhanced NIR Ⅱ luminescence for bio-vascular imaging

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第12期41卷 1843-1849,I0001页

作者： Yaqun Ma Zhan Wang Yanxing Wang Zhenghao Liu Yukun Wang Ruichan Lv Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of Trans-Scale Life Information Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro ImagingMinistry of EducationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyXidian UniversityXi'an710071China

Lanthanide-doped biocompatible nanoparticles have promising applications in near-infrared second region imaging due to their high chemical stability,enhanced photostability and sharp emission ***,the weak light absorption capacity limits the application of rare-earth nanoparticles(RENPs) for *** prepared a coumarin-derived dye sensitized NaYGdF4:Yb,Er nanoparticle probe,in which the organic dye enhances photon absorption through the sensitization process,improving the luminescence efficiency of the rare earth particles near 1000 and 1500 *** addition,good water solubility and stability of the probe are imparted by coating the particles with amphiphilic polymers distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol(DSPE-PEG) and polyacrylic *** composite probe with good biocompatibility and NIR Ⅱ luminescence properties can be used for vascular imaging,providing a tool for the detection of hematologic-related diseases.

关键词： Rare earth doped nanoparticles Dye sensitization NIR imaging Angiography

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Twofold symmetric superconductivity in NbSe2 monolayers with vacancy defects

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Physical Review B 2025年第6期111卷 L060503-L060503页

作者： Jizheng Wu Wenyu He Yong Xu Chen Si School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100084 China

Monolayer NbSe2, as an Ising superconductor, has attracted considerable attention. Experimentally, its samples inevitably contain defects, yet the effects of these defects on superconductivity remain largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that selenium (Se) monovacancies, the most common defects in monolayer NbSe2, critically affect superconductivity. Specifically, Se monovacancies disrupt both the out-of-plane mirror symmetry and the C3z rotational symmetry in pristine monolayer NbSe2, resulting in an asymmetric spin-orbit coupling (SOC). While pristine monolayer NbSe2, which possesses Ising SOC, exhibits an isotropic in-plane upper critical field (Bc2), the asymmetric SOC induced by Se monovacancies leads the in-plane Bc2 to display an anisotropic twofold symmetry in response to the direction of the in-plane magnetic field. Furthermore, Se monovacancies significantly reduce the in-plane spin susceptibility of the superconducting state, causing Bc2 to exceed the Pauli limit only moderately, consistent with experimental observations. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of defects in tuning superconductivity of two-dimensional materials.

关键词： Spin orbit coupling

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Backdoor Attacks on Bimodal Salient Object Detection with RGB-Thermal Data 24

Backdoor Attacks on Bimodal Salient Object Detection with RG...

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Yin, Wen Zhu, Bin Benjamin Xie, Yulai Zhou, Pan Feng, Dan School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Microsoft Corporation Beijing China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

RGB-Thermal Salient Object Detection (RGBT-SOD) plays a critical role in complex scene recognition applications, such as autonomous driving. However, security research in this domain is still in its infancy. This paper presents the first backdoor attack on RGBT-SOD systems, generating saliency maps on triggered inputs that depict non-existent salient objects chosen by the attacker or falsely mark an entire image as fully salient or entirely non-salient. We uncover that triggers have an influence range for generating non-existent salient objects, supported by a theoretical analysis. Extensive experiments show the effectiveness of our attack in both digital and physical-world scenarios. Notably, our dual-modality backdoor attack achieves an Attack Success Rate (ASR) of 86.72% with only five pairs of poisoned images in model training. After investigating potential countermeasures, we find them inadequate in mitigating our attacks, highlighting the urgent need for robust defenses against sophisticated backdoor attacks in RGBT-SOD systems. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Object detection

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Recent Advances in Parity-Time Symmetry-Enabled Electromagnetic Sensors

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 2024年 105卷 107-121页

作者： Yang, Minye Ye, Zhilu Chen, Pai-Yen Erricolo, Danilo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine School of Life Science and Technology International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology Xi’an Key Laboratory for Biomedical Testing and High-end Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Parity-time (PT) reversal symmetry, as a representative example in the field of non-Hermitian physics, has attracted widespread research interest in the past few years due to its extraordinary wave dynamics. PT symmetry enables unique spectral singularities including the exceptional point (EP) degeneracy where two or more eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, as well as the coherent perfect absorber-laser (CPAL) point where laser and its time-reversal counterpart (i.e., coherent perfect absorber) can coexist at the same frequency. These singular points not only give rise to new physical phenomena but also provide new plausibility for building the next-generation sensors and detectors with unprecedented sensitivity. To date, investigations into EPs and CPAL points have unveiled their great potential in various sensing scenarios across a broad spectral range, spanning optics, photonics, electronics, and acoustics. In this review article, we will discuss ongoing developments of EP- and CPAL-based sensors composed of PT-synthetic structures and offer a glimpse into the future research directions in this emerging field. © (2024), (Electromagnetics Academy). All rights reserved.

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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Motion Artifact Reduction system Using Dual-Wavelength Photoplethysmogram for Pulse Rate Monitoring in Daily Life 12

Motion Artifact Reduction System Using Dual-Wavelength Photo...

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12th IEEE Global Conference on Consumer Electronics, GCCE 2023

作者： Imaizumi, Akira Maeda, Yuka Wakatsuki, Naoto Ebihara, Tadashi Mizutani, Koichi University of Tsukuba Graduate School of Science and Technology Tsukuba Japan University of Tsukuba Institute of System and Information Engineering Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340181

Photoplethysmogram (PPG) is sensitive to body movements and is corrupted by motion artifacts. Conventionally, motion artifacts are reduced by using acceleration at the measurement site. However, the reduction of motion artifacts using acceleration cannot reduce motion artifacts caused by structural changes inside biological tissues. We developed a new pulse rate monitoring system (IR-MAR) that focuses on the difference in the signal-to-noise ratio between dual-wavelength PPG to reduce motion artifacts inside biological tissues. We applied IR-MAR to 15 datasets during the exercise and found that the average MAE of IR-MAR was 7.73 ± 11.72 bpm, whereas 10 of the 15 datasets had an MAE of less than 2 bpm. For a more accurate pulse rate monitoring, IR-MAR requires the pulse component of the IR-PPG and the selection of the spectrum peaks must be improved. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Acceleration

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Terahertz Refractive Index Sensor Based on Tunable Graphene Metamaterial Absorber 3

Terahertz Refractive Index Sensor Based on Tunable Graphene ...

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3rd International Symposium on Sensor technology and Control, ISSTC 2024

作者： Fu, Maixia Zhang, Tiantian Liu, Zhonghao Liu, Mengyi Wang, Dongdong Ministry of Education Henan University of Technology Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control Zhengzhou450001 China Henan University of Technology College of Information Science and Engineering Zhengzhou450001 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541637

A terahertz refractive index sensor constructed with graphene metamaterial absorber has been proposed. The sensor features a patterned graphene structure, consisting of an independent circular ring and a special structure formed by intersecting cross and square patterns. Under normal incidence of TM and TE polarized light, the sensor exhibits a low-frequency peak at 1.55 THz with maximum absorption rates of 9 9. 4 5% and a high-frequency peak at 3.83 THz with maximum absorption rates of 9 9. 5 0%. The quality factors (Q factor) of the two peaks are 31 and 65, respectively. Unlike traditional metal sensors, the absorption peaks of this sensor can achieve dynamic tunability through adjusting the graphene's Fermi level. By varying the analyte's thickness and refractive index, the maximum sensitivity of the two absorption peaks can reach 495 GHz RIU and 895 GHz/ RIU. The corresponding figures of merit (FOM) are 9.9 and 15.2, respectively. The sensor proposed here are applied to detect hemoglobin biomolecule content and has shown excellent sensing performance in our simulations. Therefore, the present work has broad potential for applications in biomedical and medical diagnostic fields. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Q factor measurement

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