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Differentiable optimization of multiple freeform lenses for high-performance tilted illumination

Optics Letters 2025年第11期50卷 3505-3508页

作者： Tang, Haisong Feng, Zexin Luo, Yi Mao, Xianglong Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display School of Optics and Photonics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China MOE Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Imaging Technology and Systems Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China The New Technology Laboratory of Space Photon Information Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shaanxi Xi’an710119 China

We present an optimization framework for designing multiple freeform lenses to achieve high-performance oblique illumination. The optimization process involves two steps: optimizing the irradiance distribution on an intermediate plane and fine-tuning the surface parameters to achieve the desired tilted target irradiance distribution. The framework could be used to design freeform illumination systems with an arbitrary number of lenses without significantly increasing the computational resource requirements. Leveraging differentiable ray tracing (DRT), we design a compact system with double freeform lenses, realizing a high tilt angle (TA) of 78.86◦ and an average spacing-to-height ratio (SHR) of 3.77. It holds significant potential for applications in the design of vehicle headlights, industrial vision inspection, and decoration lighting. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Illumination design Lens design Optical systems Ray tracing systems design Total internal reflection

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Tailoring Highly Confined Electric-field Based Optical Skyrmions

Tailoring Highly Confined Electric-field Based Optical Skyrm...

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2024 Photonics and Electromagnetics Research Symposium, PIERS 2024

作者： Chen, J. Shen, X. Zeng, Y. Zhan, Q. University of Shanghai for Science and Technology School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering Shanghai200093 China University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System Shanghai200093 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375909

Optical skyrmions are quasi-particles with nontrivial topological textures, which hold potential applications in optical information processing, transmission, and storage. There are various three-dimensional physical vectors to construct the optical skyrmions, such as spin skyrmions, Stokes skyrmions, Poynting vector skyrmions, and so on. Here, we present a method to construct tightly focused electric-field skyrmions based on the array antenna radiation theory. A multiple concentric-ring array of dipoles (MCAD) is placed at the focal region of the high numerical aperture (NA) lens to mimic the topological structure of the desired electric field skyrmion, and the radiation pattern of the MCAD is derived to form the incident fields at the pupil planes of the high NA lenses in a 4π focusing setup. The characteristics of the generated focal field are quantitatively evaluated by using the Debye diffraction integral theory. The results demonstrate that two types of electric field vector topologies, i.e., skyrmion and meron, can be created with adjustable polarity, vorticity, and helicity. Additionally, the normal direction of the plane containing the skyrmion or meron can also be customized, increasing the degrees of freedom in tailoring optical skyrmions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Topology

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Drug-Target Interaction Prediction Based on Drug Subgraph Fingerprint Extraction Strategy and Subgraph Attention Mechanism 9th

Drug-Target Interaction Prediction Based on Drug Subgraph Fi...

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19th International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications, ADMA 2023

作者： Wang, Lizhi Zhang, Xiaolong Lin, Xiaoli Hu, Jing College of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan China Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Realtime Industrial System Hubei Wuhan China Institute of Big Data Science and Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031466700

Drug discovery is a major focus of modern research, and predicting drug-target interactions is one of the strategies to facilitate this research process. Traditional laboratory methods have long time cycles and are relatively costly, so the use of high-precision virtual screening is essential. Previous virtual screens have only considered the sequence structure of the drug or the graph structure of the drug, without considering the role of the drug subgraph structure. Therefore, this paper adopts a method for extracting drug subgraphs and designs a strategy for extracting drug subgraph fingerprints. Then, the fingerprint vector data of the drugs are trained by the graph neural network to produce drug information vectors containing the spatial structure of the drug subgraph. Finally, the subgraph attention mechanism is used to update the information on protein targets, facilitating the model to extract more information about the target site. The experimental results show that the model can predict drug-target interactions well, outperforming the state-of-the-art model in all metrics. And it is also effective in both classification prediction and affinity regression prediction. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Stripe charge order and its interaction with Majorana bound states in 2M-WS2 topological superconductors

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National science Review 2025年第2期12卷 42-49页

作者： Xuemin Fan Xiao-Qi Sun Penghao Zhu Yuqiang Fang Yongkang Ju Yonghao Yuan Jingming Yan Fuqiang Huang Taylor L.Hughes Peizhe Tang Qi-Kun Xue Wei Li State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua University Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Institute for Condensed Matter Physics and Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Center for Free-Electron Laser Science Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Southern University of Science and Technology

To achieve logic operations via Majorana braiding, positional control of the Majorana bound states（MBSs）must be established. Here we report the observation of a striped surface charge order coexisting with superconductivity and its interaction with the MBS in the topological superconductor 2M-WS2, using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. By applying an out-of-plane magnetic field, we observe that MBSs are absent in vortices in the region with stripe order. This is in contrast to adjacent underlaying layers without charge order, where vortex-bound MBSs are observed. Via theoretical simulations, we show that the surface stripe order does not destroy the bulk topology, but it can effectively modify the spatial distribution of MBSs, i.e. it pushes them downward, away from the 2M-WS2surface. Our findings demonstrate that the interplay of charge order and topological superconductivity can potentially be used to tune the positions of MBSs, and to explore new states of matter.

关键词： Majorana bound states 2M-WS stripe charge order topological superconductor

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Unipolar p-type monolayer WSe_(2) field-effect transistors with high current density and low contact resistance enabled by van der Waals contacts

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Nano Research 2024年第11期17卷 10162-10169页

作者： Miaomiao Li Xinyu Zhang Zimei Zhang Gang Peng Zhihong Zhu Jia Li Shiqiao Qin Mengjian Zhu College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Nano-optoelectronic Information Materials and Devices National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China Nanhu Laser Laboratory National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China Hunan Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials and State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China College of Science & Hunan Key Laboratory of Extreme Matter and Applications National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

High-performance field-effect transistors (FETs) based on atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have demonstrated great promise in post-Moore integrated circuits. However, unipolar p-type 2D semiconductor transistors yet remain challenging and suffer from low saturation current density (less than 10 µA·µm^(−1)) and high contact resistance (larger than 100 kΩ·µm), mainly limited by the Schottky barrier induced by the mismatch of the work-functions and the Fermi level pinning at the metal contact interfaces. Here, we overcome these two obstacles through van der Waals (vdW) integration of high work-function metal palladium (Pd) as the contacts onto monolayer WSe2 grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. We demonstrate unipolar p-type monolayer WSe2 FETs with superior device performance: room temperature on-state current density exceeding 100 µA·µm^(−1), contact resistance of 12 kΩ·µm, on/off ratio over 107, and field-effect hole mobility of ~ 103 cm2·V^(−1)·s^(−1). Electrical transport measurements reveal that the Fermi level pinning effect is completely effectively eliminated in monolayer WSe2 with vdW Pd contacts, leading to a Schottky barrier-free Ohmic contact at the metal-semiconductor junctions. Combining the advantages of large-scale vdW contact strategy and CVD growth, our results pave the way for wafer-scale fabrication of complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) logic circuits based on atomically thin 2D semiconductors.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)field-effect transistors(FETs) monolayer WSe2 van der Waals(vdW)contact on-state current hole mobility

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Binary Image Steganalysis Based on Symmetrical Local Residual Patterns

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第4期31卷 752-763页

作者： LUO Junwei YU Mujian YIN Xiaolin LU Wei School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security TechnologyMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Sun Yat-sen University

Residual computation is an effective method for gray-scale image steganalysis. For binary images, the residual computation calculated by the XOR operation is also employed in the local residual patterns(LRP) model for steganalysis. A binary image steganalytic scheme based on symmetrical local residual patterns(SLRP) is proposed. The symmetrical relationships among residual patterns are introduced that make the features more compact while reducing the dimensionality of the features set. Multi-scale windows are utilized to construct three SLRP submodels which are further merged to construct the final features set instead of a single *** with higher probability to be modified after embedding are emphasized and selected to construct the feature sets for training the support vector machine classifier. The experimental results show that the proposed steganalytic scheme is effective for detecting binary image steganography.

关键词： information hiding Steganalysis Symmetrical local residual patterns Multi-scale model

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Large language models for generative information extraction:a survey

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Frontiers of Computer science 2024年第6期18卷 61-84页

作者： Derong XU Wei CHEN Wenjun PENG Chao ZHANG Tong XU Xiangyu ZHAO Xian WU Yefeng ZHENG Yang WANG Enhong CHEN State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence&University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230000China Department of Data Science City University of Hong KongHongkong 999077China Jarvis Research Center Tencent YouTu LabBeijing 100029China Anhui Conch Information Technology Engineering Co. Ltd.Wuhu 241000China

information Extraction(IE)aims to extract structural knowledge from plain natural language ***,generative Large Language Models(LLMs)have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in text understanding and *** a result,numerous works have been proposed to integrate LLMs for IE tasks based on a generative *** conduct a comprehensive systematic review and exploration of LLM efforts for IE tasks,in this study,we survey the most recent advancements in this *** first present an extensive overview by categorizing these works in terms of various IE subtasks and techniques,and then we empirically analyze the most advanced methods and discover the emerging trend of IE tasks with *** on a thorough review conducted,we identify several insights in technique and promising research directions that deserve further exploration in future *** maintain a public repository and consistently update related works and resources on GitHub(LLM4IE repository).

关键词： information extraction large language models review

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Coumarin derivative dye sensitized NaYGdF4:Yb,Er nanoparticles with enhanced NIR Ⅱ luminescence for bio-vascular imaging

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第12期41卷 1843-1849,I0001页

作者： Yaqun Ma Zhan Wang Yanxing Wang Zhenghao Liu Yukun Wang Ruichan Lv Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of Trans-Scale Life Information Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro ImagingMinistry of EducationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyXidian UniversityXi'an710071China

Lanthanide-doped biocompatible nanoparticles have promising applications in near-infrared second region imaging due to their high chemical stability,enhanced photostability and sharp emission ***,the weak light absorption capacity limits the application of rare-earth nanoparticles(RENPs) for *** prepared a coumarin-derived dye sensitized NaYGdF4:Yb,Er nanoparticle probe,in which the organic dye enhances photon absorption through the sensitization process,improving the luminescence efficiency of the rare earth particles near 1000 and 1500 *** addition,good water solubility and stability of the probe are imparted by coating the particles with amphiphilic polymers distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol(DSPE-PEG) and polyacrylic *** composite probe with good biocompatibility and NIR Ⅱ luminescence properties can be used for vascular imaging,providing a tool for the detection of hematologic-related diseases.

关键词： Rare earth doped nanoparticles Dye sensitization NIR imaging Angiography

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Backdoor Attacks on Bimodal Salient Object Detection with RGB-Thermal Data 24

Backdoor Attacks on Bimodal Salient Object Detection with RG...

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Yin, Wen Zhu, Bin Benjamin Xie, Yulai Zhou, Pan Feng, Dan School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Microsoft Corporation Beijing China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

RGB-Thermal Salient Object Detection (RGBT-SOD) plays a critical role in complex scene recognition applications, such as autonomous driving. However, security research in this domain is still in its infancy. This paper presents the first backdoor attack on RGBT-SOD systems, generating saliency maps on triggered inputs that depict non-existent salient objects chosen by the attacker or falsely mark an entire image as fully salient or entirely non-salient. We uncover that triggers have an influence range for generating non-existent salient objects, supported by a theoretical analysis. Extensive experiments show the effectiveness of our attack in both digital and physical-world scenarios. Notably, our dual-modality backdoor attack achieves an Attack Success Rate (ASR) of 86.72% with only five pairs of poisoned images in model training. After investigating potential countermeasures, we find them inadequate in mitigating our attacks, highlighting the urgent need for robust defenses against sophisticated backdoor attacks in RGBT-SOD systems. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Object detection

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Terahertz Refractive Index Sensor Based on Tunable Graphene Metamaterial Absorber 3

Terahertz Refractive Index Sensor Based on Tunable Graphene ...

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3rd International Symposium on Sensor technology and Control, ISSTC 2024

作者： Fu, Maixia Zhang, Tiantian Liu, Zhonghao Liu, Mengyi Wang, Dongdong Ministry of Education Henan University of Technology Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control Zhengzhou450001 China Henan University of Technology College of Information Science and Engineering Zhengzhou450001 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541637

A terahertz refractive index sensor constructed with graphene metamaterial absorber has been proposed. The sensor features a patterned graphene structure, consisting of an independent circular ring and a special structure formed by intersecting cross and square patterns. Under normal incidence of TM and TE polarized light, the sensor exhibits a low-frequency peak at 1.55 THz with maximum absorption rates of 9 9. 4 5% and a high-frequency peak at 3.83 THz with maximum absorption rates of 9 9. 5 0%. The quality factors (Q factor) of the two peaks are 31 and 65, respectively. Unlike traditional metal sensors, the absorption peaks of this sensor can achieve dynamic tunability through adjusting the graphene's Fermi level. By varying the analyte's thickness and refractive index, the maximum sensitivity of the two absorption peaks can reach 495 GHz RIU and 895 GHz/ RIU. The corresponding figures of merit (FOM) are 9.9 and 15.2, respectively. The sensor proposed here are applied to detect hemoglobin biomolecule content and has shown excellent sensing performance in our simulations. Therefore, the present work has broad potential for applications in biomedical and medical diagnostic fields. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Q factor measurement

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