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Anomalous heat transfer in nonequilibrium quantum systems

Physical Review Research 2025年第1期7卷 L012044-L012044页

作者： Teng Ma Jing-Ning Zhang Yuan-Sheng Wang Hong-Yi Xie Man-Hong Yung Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193 China BGI Research Shenzhen 518083 China BGI Research Wuhan 430074 China School of Systems Science Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Center for Quantum Research and Technology University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73069 USA Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China International Quantum Academy Shenzhen 518048 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China

Anomalous heat transfer (AHT), a process by which heat spontaneously flows from a cold system into a hot one, superficially contradicts the Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics. Here we provide a full classification of mechanisms of AHT in nonequilibrium quantum systems from a quantum-information perspective. For initial states in local equilibrium, we find that AHT can arise from three resources: initial correlation, intrasystem interaction, and intrasystem temperature inhomogeneity. In particular, for qubit systems, we prove that initial quantum coherence is necessary for AHT if the intersystem interactions are limited to the two-body type. We explicitly show AHT dominated by each of the mechanisms in a three-qubit system. Our classification scheme may offer a guideline for developing high-efficiency quantum autonomous thermal machines.

关键词： Qubits

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Fuzzy Decision-Based Clustering for Efficient Data Aggregation in Mobile UWSNs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 259-279页

作者： Aadil Mushtaq Pandith Manni Kumar Naveen Kumar Nitin Goyal Sachin Ahuja Yonis Gulzar Rashi Rastogi Rupesh Gupta Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityJalandhar144402PunjabIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413PunjabIndia Salesforce Inc. DallasTX 75201USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and TechnologyCentral University of HaryanaMahendragarh123031HaryanaIndia Department of Management Information Systems College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Application Sir Chhotu Ram Institute of Engineering and TechnologyCh.Charan Singh UniversityMeerut250001Uttar PradeshIndia Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia

Underwater wireless sensor networks(UWSNs)rely on data aggregation to streamline routing operations by merging information at intermediate nodes before transmitting it to the ***,many existing data aggregation techniques are designed exclusively for static networks and fail to reflect the dynamic nature of underwater ***,conventional multi-hop data gathering techniques often lead to energy depletion problems near the sink,commonly known as the energy hole ***,cluster-based aggregation methods face significant challenges such as cluster head(CH)failures and collisions within clusters that degrade overall network *** address these limitations,this paper introduces an innovative framework,the Cluster-based Data Aggregation using Fuzzy Decision Model(CDAFDM),tailored for mobile *** proposed method has four main phases:clustering,CH selection,data aggregation,and *** CH selection,a fuzzy decision model is utilized to ensure efficient cluster head selection based on parameters such as residual energy,distance to the sink,and data delivery likelihood,enhancing network stability and energy *** the aggregation phase,CHs transmit a single,consolidated set of non-redundant data to the base station(BS),thereby reducing data duplication and saving *** adapt to the changing network topology,the re-clustering phase periodically updates cluster formations and reselects *** results show that CDAFDM outperforms current protocols such as CAPTAIN(Collection Algorithm for underwater oPTical-AcoustIc sensor Networks),EDDG(Event-Driven Data Gathering),and DCBMEC(Data Collection Based on Mobile Edge Computing)with a packet delivery ratio increase of up to 4%,an energy consumption reduction of 18%,and a data collection latency reduction of 52%.These findings highlight the framework’s potential for reliable and energy-efficient data aggregation mobile UWSNs.

关键词： Clustering data aggregation data collection fuzzy model monitoring UWSN

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Enhanced Neural Differential Distinguisher for Speck32/64 Using Attention Mechanisms and Multi Ciphertext Inputs

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第19期49卷 197-210页

作者： Jiang, Xue Li, Min Kaiyrbek, Makulov Lakhno, Valerii Andrii, Sahun School of Computer and Information Engineering Bengbu University Bengbu233030 China Department of Computer Systems Networks and Cybersecurity National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv03041 Ukraine Department of Computer Science Caspian University of Technology and Engineering Almaty050151 Kazakhstan

In recent years, neural network-based differential distinguishers have demonstrated significant advantages in accuracy and effi-ciency over traditional differential distinguishers in symmetric cipher differential analysis. However, when dealing with ciphers involving a higher number of encryption rounds, neural network differential distinguishers still struggle to accurately identify ci-phertext pairs. To address this issue, this study proposes a neural network differential distinguisher model based on attention mechanisms and optimized ciphertext input structures. Specifically, the model first innovates the residual structure within the attention mechanism to maximize the weight of highly discriminative features, enhancing the feature extraction capability of the improved model. Secondly, a multi-scale convolution method is employed, integrating the network structure ideas of RegNet, with the addition of convolutional branches and optimization of activation functions, which further enhances the model's feature ex-traction capability. Finally, a multi-ciphertext input pattern is introduced to improve the input data information, and random key encryption is applied to the input ciphertext structure to construct multi-feature information representations of the ciphertext and encryption functions. The results from 5-8 rounds of experiments on Speck 32/64 indicate that the proposed new neural distinguisher can significantly improve discrimination accuracy to a maximum of 1.65%. On this basis, we carried out an optimization study on the construction method of the multi-ciphertext-pair dataset. The new dataset can increase the accuracy of the distinguisher by 49.16% compared to that of the single-ciphertext-pair case, and can extend the number of attack rounds from 7 to 8. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Phase-bias-blind computational ghost imaging with optical phased array

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Optics Express 2025年第10期33卷 21132-21141页

作者： Hirata, Sota Matsuda, Naoki Komatsu, Kento Tanemura, Takuo Horisaki, Ryoichi Department of Information Physics and Computing Graduate School of Information Science and Technology The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan

We propose a method for computational ghost imaging (CGI) with an optical phased array (OPA), wherein phase biases on the phase shifters are intrinsically unknown. In our method, an object is illuminated with a number of light fields from the OPA using random phase shifts, and the light from the object is captured by a single-pixel detector. The object and the phase biases are simultaneously estimated from the measured intensity signals. We numerically demonstrate the proposed method. Furthermore, we present complex amplitude field acquisition in OPA-based CGI with intensity measurements performed without reference light by simply adding an iris to the detector. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Computational imaging Imaging systems Phase shift Phased arrays Scattering media Spatial light modulators

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Chatbot and its Impact on the Retail Industry 3

Chatbot and its Impact on the Retail Industry

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things, IDCIoT 2025

作者： Tatikonda, Reshmi Kempanna, M. Thatikonda, Ramya Bhuvanesh, A. Thota, Ragupathi Keerthanadevi, R. Department of Computer Information Systems University of the Central Missouri Warrensburg United States Department of AI and ML Bangalore Institute of Technology Bengaluru India Department of Information Technology University of the Cumberlands Williamsburg United States Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering PSN College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Tirunelveli India Department of Information Technology Jawaharlal Technological University Hyderbad India Department of Computer Science and Engineering PSN College of Engineering and Technology Tirunelveli India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527549

This study explores the transformative potential of chatbots in the retail industry, highlighting their role in enhancing customer engagement, optimizing business processes, and revolutionizing the nature of retail interactions. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, the paper delves into the cognitive processes underlying human-chatbot interactions and examines their impact on customer experience, satisfaction, and loyalty. Chatbots serve a wide array of operational functions, including inventory management, automated order processing, data-driven analytics, and employee training. These functionalities streamline workflows, improve efficiency, and maximize resource utilization. The paper further explores the innovative applications of chatbots, including AI-driven personalization, conversational commerce, and seamless integration with emerging technologies. By analyzing both the current applications and challenges of chatbot technology in retail, the study uncovers the exciting opportunities they present for shaping the future of retail by fostering more personalized, efficient, and interactive customer experiences. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Inventory control

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Collaborative Marine Targets Search Algorithm for USVs and AAVs Under Energy Constraint

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第9期12卷 12137-12152页

作者： Xue, Mingyao Huang, Haibin Zhuang, Yufei Si, Jinshuai Lü, Tengping Sharma, Sanjay Zhang, Lei School of Information Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai Weihai264209 China Weihai Skysailing Technology Company Ltd. Research and Development Department Weihai264200 China Weihai Key Laboratory of Autonomous Control and Cooperation Technology for Unmanned Marine Systems Weihai264200 China Wuhan 2nd Ship Design and Research Institute Information Research Office Wuhan430205 China

The collaborative search of unmanned surface vessel (USV) and autonomous aerial vehicle (AAV) for tasks with high timeliness or a large number of target points is a current research focus in the field of Marine Internet of Things technology, such as counter-mine search and data collection of ocean sensor nodes. However, the slower navigation speed of USVs cannot meet the timeliness requirements of search tasks. Moreover, AAVs have a short endurance, making it unsuitable for large-area target search missions. Combining the characteristics of long endurance of USVs and the high speed of AAVs, this article propose a heterogeneous collaborative search algorithm based on time sequence constraints (TimeSeries). Initially, a time-sliding window is designed to control the trigger time for each agent to select the next search target point. Only when the current search time of the agent is in the time-sliding window, the conditions for the next search will be satisfied, ensuring the fairness of the search. Second, considering the constraint of limited energy for USVs and AAVs, a mathematical model of energy consumption under the constraint of sea wind and ocean current environment is established, then an objective function based on energy constraint and target weight is designed. Finally, the discretized isomorphic agent collision avoidance constraint strategy and the communication radius constraint strategy among agents based on network topology are added to enhance the robustness of the cooperative system. Finally, several simulation experiments are designed and compared with other algorithms to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Motion planning

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Joint Optimization of Compression, Transmission and Computation for Cooperative Perception Aided Intelligent Vehicular Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular technology 2025年第5期74卷 8201-8214页

作者： Lu, Binbin Huang, Xumin Wu, Yuan Qian, Liping Zhou, Sheng Niyato, Dusit University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Computer and Information Science Macau China Guangdong University of Technology School of Automation Guangzhou510006 China University of Macau State Key Lab of Internet of Things for Smart City Macau China University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Computer Information Science Macau China Zhuhai UM Science and Technology AQ2 Research Institute Zhuhai519301 China Zhejiang University of Technology Institute of Cyberspace Security Hangzhou310023 China Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Singapore

Cooperative perception is a promising paradigm to tackle the perception limitations of a single intelligent vehicle (IV) to enhance the driving safety and efficiency in intelligent vehicular networks. However, the real-time transmission and computation-intensive fusion of raw sensing data raise new challenges for satisfying the stringent delay requirement of delay-sensitive applications. In this paper, we formulate a joint optimization problem of the cooperative IV selection, compression ratio selection, transmit power control, task offloading decision and computation allocation to minimize the end-to-end delay consisting of compression, transmission and computation. In particular, to meet the perception probability requirement, the quality and quantity-aware matching algorithm is proposed to optimize the cooperative IV selection. To guarantee the queue stability of offloading tasks, we develop the Lyapunov optimization algorithm to determine the upper bound of the offloading tasks and the corresponding optimal computation allocation. The Lyapunov aided deep reinforcement learning algorithm is further proposed to dynamically adjust the task offloading decision and compression ratio selection to minimize the end-to-end delay with the transmit power control being optimized by the successive convex approximation algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to several benchmark algorithms, our proposed algorithm achieves the lowest end-to-end delay while guaranteeing the requirements on perception probability and queue stability effectively. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Brain-Conditional Multimodal Synthesis: A Survey and Taxonomy

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第5期6卷 1080-1099页

作者： Mai, Weijian Zhang, Jian Fang, Pengfei Zhang, Zhijun South China University of Technology School of Automation Science and Engineering Guangzhou510640 China Southeast University School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing210096 China South China University of Technology Key Library of Autonomous Systems and Network Control Ministry of Education The School of Automation Science and Engineering Guangzhou510640 China Institute for Super Robotics Huangpu Guangzhou510555 China Nanchang University Jiangxi Thousand Talents Plan Nanchang330031 China Jishou University College of Computer Science and Engineering Jishou416000 China Guangdong Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy Laboratory Pazhou Lab Guangzhou510335 China Shaanxi University of Technology Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation School of Mechanical Engineering Hanzhong723001 China Changsha Normal University School of Information Science and Engineering Changsha410100 China Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology School of Automation Science and Engineering Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Maoming525000 China

In the era of artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC), conditional multimodal synthesis technologies (e.g., text-to-image) are dynamically reshaping the natural content. Brain signals, serving as potential reflections of how the brain interprets external information, exhibit a distinctive one-to-many correspondence with various external modalities. This correspondence makes brain signals emerge as a promising guiding condition for multimodal synthesis (e.g., image, text, and audio), which is crucial for developing practical brain–computer interface systems and unraveling complex mechanisms underlying human perception. This survey comprehensively examines the emerging field of brain-conditional multimodal synthesis, termed AIGC-brain, to delineate the current landscape and future directions. To begin, related neuroimaging datasets and generative models are introduced as the foundation of AIGC-brain decoding and analysis. Next, we present a comprehensive taxonomy according to AIGC-brain methodologies, followed by task-specific representative work and implementation details to facilitate in-depth comparison and analysis. Quality assessments are then introduced for both qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Finally, this survey explores insights gained, outlining current challenges and prospects of AIGC-brain. As a pioneering survey, this article paves the way for future advances in AIGC-brain research. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Taxonomies

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VisioSLR: A Vision Data-Driven Framework for Sign Language Video Recognition and Performance Evaluation on Fine-Tuned YOLO Models 16

VisioSLR: A Vision Data-Driven Framework for Sign Language V...

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16th International Conference on Ambient systems, Networks and Technologies Networks, ANT 2025 / 8th International Conference on Emerging Data and Industry 4.0, EDI40 2025

作者： Ismail, Leila Shahin, Nada Tesfaye, Henok Hennebelle, Alain Intelligent Distributed Computing and Systems (INDUCE) Lab Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering College of Information Technology United Arab Emirates University United Arab Emirates

With the emergence of AI for good, there has been an increasing interest in building computer vision data-driven deep learning inclusive AI solutions. Sign language Recognition (SLR) has gained attention recently. It is an essential component of a sign-to-text translation system to support the deaf and hard-of-hearing population. This paper presents a computer VISIOn data-driven deep learning framework for Sign Language video Recognition (VisoSLR). VisioSLR provides a precise measurement of translating signs for developing an end-to-end computational translation system. Considering the scarcity of sign language datasets, which hinders the development of an accurate recognition model, we evaluate the performance of our framework by fine-tuning the very well-known YOLO models, which are built from a signs-unrelated collection of images and videos, using a small-sized sign language dataset. Gathering a sign language dataset for signs training would involve an enormous amount of time to collect and annotate videos in different environmental setups and multiple signers, in addition to the training time of a model. Numerical evaluations of VisioSLR show that our framework recognizes signs with a mean average precision of 97.4%, 97.1%, and 95.5% and 11, 12, and 12 milliseconds of recognition time on YOLOv8m, YOLOv9m, and YOLOv11m, respectively. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Computer vision Deep learning Fine-tuning Machine translation Neural machine translation Sign language Sign language recognition Transfer learning YOLO

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Anomaly Detection in IoT Computing Platform Using Self-Timed Data-Driven Processor 15

Anomaly Detection in IoT Computing Platform Using Self-Timed...

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15th IEEE Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference, CCWC 2025

作者： Maeda, Hajime Sannomiya, Shuji Kameyama, Keisuke Takizawa, Hotaka Iwata, Makoto Nishikawa, Hiroaki Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan Institute of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan School of Information Kochi University of Technology Kochi Kami Japan University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507695

This paper presents an external and lightweight monitoring circuit for detecting anomalies such as cyberattacks and failures in computing platforms. An external monitoring is preferable because of its natural immunity to anomalies in target platforms and its little consumption of the platforms' processing power. However, existing monitoring methods require a processor-scale additional circuit and thus reducing circuit size still remains a challenge, especially for resource-limited Internet of Things (IoT) devices. To achieve not only external but also lightweight monitoring, we adopt a self-timed data-driven processor (STDDP) and exploit its unique characteristic. STDDP executes a process independently from the other processes and the execution time of a process is kept the shortest and constant as long as its computational resources are adequately available. We innovatively make the number of processes in execution (NPE) externally monitorable as the criterion of anomaly detection. The constant process execution time leads to a precise sampling of the actual NPE value without distinction of process. It also enables us to algebraically calculate the normal value of NPE by using the execution times of corresponding processes as well as target data sets' values and input timing. The discrepancy between the sampled and normal values of NPE absolutely indicates the existence of malicious or unexpected processes spawned by the anomalies. Experimental results show that an anomaly detection can be realized with an additional circuit of less than one-third of the processor-scale size. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Spatio-temporal data

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